共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 765 毫秒
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基于RAC标定法的CCD摄像机参数标定技术研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
传统的摄像机标定是在一定的摄像机模型下,基于特定的实验条件,如形状、尺寸已知的标定物,经过对其进行图像处理,求取摄像机模型的内部参数和外部参数。标定摄像机参数的方法很多,大多数采用变焦距法、径向准直法及根据透射成像原理进行标定,针对摄像机的像面中心的标定。文中建立CCD摄像机透视成像的数学模型,运用RAC标定法建立求解摄像机外部参数方程组,从而推导出在径向畸变模型下求解摄像机内部参数的方程。该方法采用CCD能很好地提高精度。实验结果表明,该方法计算量小,标定精度较高。 相似文献
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机器视觉中的摄像机标定技术研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
机器视觉中在对景物进行定量分析或对物体精确定位时,都需要进行摄像机标定,即准确确定其内部和外部参数。寻找快速有效的摄像机标定计算方法是机器视觉中的重要问题。分析了带有透镜径向的一阶畸变的摄像机模型,利用RAC标定提出一种求解其参数的标定计算方法,标定过程每一步都用线性求解,避免了非线性优化中的不稳定性。试验证明,该标定方法操作简便,标定精度高。 相似文献
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多摄像机结构光大视场测量中全局标定方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
多摄像机结构光大视场测量系统,存在摄像机空间分布广、摄像机之间无公共视场角、标定模型复杂等问题。所以采用合适方法对多摄像机与结构光进行高精度全局标定非常关键。提出将二维平面靶标与一维靶标相结合,分步对摄像机及结构光进行全局标定。首先,综合考虑摄像机镜头畸变,采用二维平面靶标对单个摄像机内部参数进行离线标定。借助一维靶标对摄像机及结构光外部参数进行在线标定。将一维靶标上距离已知的共线特征点作为约束条件,逐个求解相邻摄像机坐标系之间外部参数。任选一个摄像机作为全局坐标系,通过相邻摄像机坐标系外部参数矩阵逐步换算,求解每个摄像机坐标系与全局坐标系外部参数。同理,采用一维靶标,至少获取激光平面上3个非共线特征点全局坐标,计算激光平面方程。最后,综合所有摄像机内外部参数、激光平面方程系数,建立多摄像机结构光大视场测量系统全局测量模型。标定试验和现场实际应用表明文中所提方法切实可行。 相似文献
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提出了一种基于Tsai的共面点线性标定求解摄像机内外参数的方法。首先确定图像的纵横比和光学中心的标定。然后对Tsai算法的第二步进行改进,求解f,k,tz。该方法的特点是采用共面点标定物,利用线性标定进行求解。实验结果表明,该方法是一种精度较高的、简单实用的摄像机标定方法。 相似文献
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《仪器仪表学报》2015,(4)
多摄像机结构光大视场测量系统,存在摄像机空间分布广、摄像机之间无公共视场角、标定模型复杂等问题。所以采用合适方法对多摄像机与结构光进行高精度全局标定非常关键。提出将二维平面靶标与一维靶标相结合,分步对摄像机及结构光进行全局标定。首先,综合考虑摄像机镜头畸变,采用二维平面靶标对单个摄像机内部参数进行离线标定。借助一维靶标对摄像机及结构光外部参数进行在线标定。将一维靶标上距离已知的共线特征点作为约束条件,逐个求解相邻摄像机坐标系之间外部参数。任选一个摄像机作为全局坐标系,通过相邻摄像机坐标系外部参数矩阵逐步换算,求解每个摄像机坐标系与全局坐标系外部参数。同理,采用一维靶标,至少获取激光平面上3个非共线特征点全局坐标,计算激光平面方程。最后,综合所有摄像机内外部参数、激光平面方程系数,建立多摄像机结构光大视场测量系统全局测量模型。标定试验和现场实际应用表明文中所提方法切实可行。 相似文献
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该文实现了一种自动求解摄像机内外参数的方法。首次介绍如何通过连通域标记自动提取特征点的位置,确定摄像机的主点坐标和纵横比,然后在利用Tsai方法的基础上,用径向排列约束求解大部分的外参数,再引入新的畸变模型求解其余参数;文中采用共面点标定物,不需要摄像机做任何运动就可以实现全过程的线性标定,实验验证了该法的有效性。 相似文献
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K. Sakakibara M. Yamada Y. Miyamoto T. Saito 《Flow Measurement and Instrumentation》2007,18(5-6):211-215
A new type of Particle Image Velocimetry technique, called “Dual-Camera PIV System”, was developed in order to achieve higher-accuracy measurement at a high time resolution. It is very difficult to measure precisely a complex flow field such as a gas–liquid two phase flow using PIV, because of the existence of a strong turbulence. In the conventional dynamic PIV, a time interval of two images required for analysis depends basically on a camera frame rate. A time interval of a set of PIV images affects the measurement accuracy significantly. Therefore, it is necessary to shorten the time interval of a set of PIV images as well as to achieve high frame rates. For this specific purpose, we developed a measurement system composed of two high speed cameras. The interval of two images obtained from each camera was controlled arbitrarily. Furthermore, a recursive cross-correlation method was adopted as PIV algorithm in order to achieve high spatial resolution. The interrogation areas were determined from the number density of PIV particles. The developed system was evaluated by cross-correlation coefficient and signal–noise (S/N) ratio. As the demonstration, the surrounding liquid motion in the vicinity of a single rising bubble was measured via this measurement system. 相似文献
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给出了一种实用的摄像机标定方法。首先通过预标定过程确定摄像机光心坐标和感光单元的纵、横向间距,然后结合自定义的摄像机成像模型利用径向平行约束求解其余的摄像机内外参数,最后利用自制的平面模板对该方法进行了实验验证。结果表明,该方法不仅操作简便,在一般硬件条件下也可获得满意的精度,具有良好的实用价值。 相似文献
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基于虚拟立体视觉的气液两相流三维测量系统的标定 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
研究了基于虚拟立体视觉的气液两相流三维测量系统的标定技术。首先,基于单台高速摄像机和两组反射镜组构建虚拟立体视觉测量系统,建立高速摄像机透视投影变换模型以及虚拟立体视觉三维测量模型,对虚拟立体视觉系统中摄像机及虚拟立体视觉传感器进行标定。用靶标基准球模拟气泡在水中的分布,以其空间距离作为测量评价指标,比较了不同标定方法对三维重建精度的影响。实验结果表明,将标定参照物置于水箱内,并且分别对左、右虚拟摄像机及传感器进行标定,三维重建精度最高,测量空间距离绝对误差优于0.13 mm,相对误差优于0.49%。实验认为,对基于虚拟立体视觉的气液两相流三维测量系统进行标定时,必须充分考虑折光分光光路以及管壁折射对三维重建所带来的影响。 相似文献
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位了减小像移对空间相机成像质量的影响,提高相机分辨率,对空间相机像移补偿方法进行了研究。首先,分析了偏流角产生的原因及调整原理,根据本相机自身特点,设计了高精密像移补偿机构。系统采用正弦机构作为传动形式,以80C31作为偏流角控制器,以步进电机为执行元件,以绝对式编码器作为偏流角测量元件,实现了偏流角位置闭环控制。由于偏流角调整范围在-4°~ +4°之间,以-4°、-2°、0°、+2°、+4°作为假想偏流角期望值,用编码器测得了10组偏流角调整实际数据。实验结果表明:偏流角控制系统精度可达到2′,满足系统对控制系统精度小于3′的要求,可以用于像移补偿机构,实现高精度的像移补偿。 相似文献
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Meyer O Burrell KH Chavez JA Kaplan DH Chrystal C Pablant NA Solomon WM 《The Review of scientific instruments》2011,82(2):023114
Charge exchange spectroscopy is one of the standard plasma diagnostic techniques used in tokamak research to determine ion temperature, rotation speed, particle density, and radial electric field. Configuring a charge coupled device (CCD) camera to serve as a detector in such a system requires a trade-off between the competing desires to detect light from as many independent spatial views as possible while still obtaining the best possible time resolution. High time resolution is essential, for example, for studying transient phenomena such as edge localized modes. By installing a mask in front of a camera with a 1024 × 1024 pixel CCD chip, we are able to acquire spectra from eight separate views while still achieving a minimum time resolution of 0.2 ms. The mask separates the light from the eight spectra, preventing spatial and temporal cross talk. A key part of the design was devising a compact translation stage which attaches to the front of the camera and allows adjustment of the position of the mask openings relative to the CCD surface. The stage is thin enough to fit into the restricted space between the CCD camera and the spectrometer endplate. 相似文献
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Widefield frequency‐domain fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FD‐FLIM) is a fast and accurate method to measure the fluorescence lifetime of entire images. However, the complexity and high costs involved in construction of such a system limit the extensive use of this technique. PCO AG recently released the first luminescence lifetime imaging camera based on a high frequency modulated CMOS image sensor, QMFLIM2. Here we tested and provide operational procedures to calibrate the camera and to improve the accuracy using corrections necessary for image analysis. With its flexible input/output options, we are able to use a modulated laser diode or a 20 MHz pulsed white supercontinuum laser as the light source. The output of the camera consists of a stack of modulated images that can be analyzed by the SimFCS software using the phasor approach. The nonuniform system response across the image sensor must be calibrated at the pixel level. This pixel calibration is crucial and needed for every camera settings, e.g. modulation frequency and exposure time. A significant dependency of the modulation signal on the intensity was also observed and hence an additional calibration is needed for each pixel depending on the pixel intensity level. These corrections are important not only for the fundamental frequency, but also for the higher harmonics when using the pulsed supercontinuum laser. With these post data acquisition corrections, the PCO CMOS‐FLIM camera can be used for various biomedical applications requiring a large frame and high speed acquisition. Microsc. Res. Tech. 78:1075–1081, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献