共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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综述了在环境中降解土壤农药的微生物、微生物降解农药的机理、在自然条件下影响微生物降解农药的因素以及农药微生物降解研究方面的新技术和新方法。在农药的微生物降解研究中,应重视自然状态下微生物对农药的降解过程,分离构建由天然的微生物构成的复合系,利用微生物复合系进行堆肥或把堆肥应用于被污染的环境。 相似文献
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基于生物修复技术修复有机磷农药污染土壤概况 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中国是农业大国,有机磷农药的大量使用有效地控制了农作物中杂草和害虫的生长,但同时也造成了严重的环境污染,农药污染问题异常突出。本文通过从有机磷农药的性质及应用、有机磷农药对环境的影响、有机磷农药在土壤中的转化、有机磷农药微生物降解方法的进展等几个方面介绍,总结他人研究成果,从而从系统地了解生物修复技术处理有机磷农药污染的过程。 相似文献
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除草剂在土壤中的微生物降解及污染土壤的生物修复 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
除草剂施入土壤中后,一般通过物理、化学与生物学过程而消失。微生物降解是除草剂在土壤中消失的最重要因素。评述了除草剂在土壤中的微生物降解及主要类型除草剂的降解特点,提出了长残留除草剂污染土壤的生物修复技术。 相似文献
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In this work, indoor physical simulation experiments were used to examine the effects of shear, thermal, chemical, and microbial degradation on the properties of the hydrophobic associative polymer AP-P4. It was discovered that the viscosity of the polymer solution generally decreased as the shear time was extended. The larger the shear strength, the lower the solution viscosity. Fitting of the nonlinear equation of solution viscosity with shear time, η = 12,988 t−1.08. When thermal degradation started, the solution viscosity first started to rise, however, this phase was just a short one. The viscosity of the solution gradually started to decrease as the thermal degradation period grew. In addition, the trends of properties like hydrokinetic radius, hydrophobic connectivity, and hydrolysis essentially followed the same patterns as those of solution viscosity. At the beginning of the degradation process, the viscosity retention of the polymer solution without oxygen is significantly higher than that of the aerobic environment. However, the difference between the two becomes smaller as the degradation time increases. In addition, the AP-P4 had good temperature resistance and aging resistance capabilities when iron ions were present. Finally, it was discovered that AP-P4 had a strong antibacterial effect, which decreased the viscosity brought on by microbial action. 相似文献
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苯酚是煤炭气化废水中一种典型的有机污染物,其处理受到广泛关注和研究。本文采用连续驯化和平板划线法从焦化废水和气化废水中筛选出两种苯酚高效降解菌株,分别命名为JHFS-1和QHFS-1;通过苯酚溶液的微生物降解实验研究了温度、pH、摇床转速、细菌接种量、Cu2+和Mn2+等对苯酚降解效果的影响,还考察了模拟煤炭气化产生的煤气洗涤水的微生物净化修复效果。结果发现:经16S rDNA基因测序和微生物学鉴定,两种菌株均为醋酸钙不动杆菌(Acinetobacter calcoaceticus);30℃、pH=6.0、摇床转速120r/min、接种量13%是苯酚的最优降解条件,经24h处理,苯酚降解率可达94.31%;Cu2+对JHFS-1降解苯酚有一定的抑制作用,Mn2+一定程度上促进JHFS-1对苯酚的降解;微生物对苯酚的降解遵从羟基化途径和羧基化途径;JHFS-1菌可有效降解煤气洗涤水中的有机污染物,其总有机碳(TOC)降解率达58.43%。 相似文献