梅钢高炉综合护炉技术的开发应用

对梅钢高炉综合护炉技术进行了总结.梅钢在役1、3号高炉已分别连续生产逾10年和12年,通过不断开发应用综合护炉新技术,目前炉缸冷却壁热流强度稳定,3号高炉单位炉容产铁有望超过10000L/m3,达到新的长寿高炉标准.     

韶钢7号高炉炉役后期护炉措施

韶钢7号高炉在炉役后期,逐渐出现炉体上涨,炉身区域冷却壁大量烧坏,炉缸侧壁温度频繁超标,风口变形等现象通过采取优化工艺操作,冷却壁穿管修复,加强炉缸炭砖残厚管理,提高炉体冷却强度等一系列护炉措施,在稳定炉况的同时,高炉日产量也能达到6200t/d。7号高炉护炉效果表明,追求精料入炉的操作理念,维持好合理稳定的煤气流分布,达到合理的操作炉型,是高炉护炉的最有效手段。     

邢钢3号高炉炉况长期失常原因及处理

对邢钢3号高炉炉况长期失常的经过、原因进行了分析总结,在找准原因的基础上采取了调整炉顶布料、调整风口布局、控制炉身冷却强度、稳定炉前生产秩序等一系列措施,稳定了炉况、稳定了高炉生产.各项经济技术指标也迅速恢复到同级别高炉水平.     

宣钢8号高炉炉缸局部水温差异常升高后的应对措施

针对宣钢8号高炉南铁口区域炉缸炭砖温度、对应冷却壁水温差、热流强度均发生异常升高的现象,通过采取了一系列应对措施,如监控观测、强制综合护炉、建立新的操作炉型等,保证了高炉安全生产,并实现了高炉的稳定顺行和技术经济指标的改善.     

武钢高炉炉缸炉底技术管理

对武钢高炉炉缸、炉底技术管理的主要经验进行了总结。武钢通过抓好高炉炉缸炉底设计、高炉操作以及炉缸炉底日常维护管理，使高炉炉缸、炉底各部位热流强度均处在受控范围内，大大延长了高炉炉缸、炉底的使用寿命。     

长钢7号高炉炉役后期护炉实践

通过设立护炉小组，强化管理，优化高炉操作制度，采用炉底穿管、炉外喷水、安装冷却棒、缩小铁口角度、加钒钛矿、炉体灌浆、炉内喷补等操作技术，有效地延缓了炉缸炉底的侵蚀，遏制了冷却壁热流强度升高的态势，减少了炉腹炉腰的开裂变形，实现了稳定顺行生产，延长了高炉寿命。     

宣钢1800 m3高炉炉缸温度异常升高的处理

针对2013年1月16日宣钢1800 m3高炉炉缸碳砖温度大幅度异常升高。通过正确诊断炉体侵蚀状况,采取提高入炉钛负荷、提高冷却强度、加强铁口维护保证铁口深度、出铁及时倒场等多项护炉措施,消除了安全隐患,保证了1800 m3高炉炉况长期稳定顺行。     

酒钢2号高炉炉缸冷却壁水温差升高后的对策

针对酒钢2号高炉炉缸局部冷却壁水温差异常升高的现象,通过采取钒钛矿护炉、提高冷却强度、风口喂线、堵风口控制冶炼强度和调整风口布局控制煤气流分布等措施,高炉实现安全稳定运行,技术经济指标持续改善。     

鞍钢鲅鱼圈2号4038 m3高炉炉役末期生产运行实践

介绍了鞍钢股份有限公司鲅鱼圈钢铁分公司2号4038 m3高炉的高炉冷却结构、原燃料条件和高炉侵蚀情况.针对高炉炉役末期炉缸出现的安全隐患,提出结合定向局部护炉和活跃炉缸的整体护炉理念.通过采取钛球护炉、炉缸压浆、堵风口、大风量和高鼓风动能冶炼、规范出铁操作、发展中心气流等护炉措施,并优化高炉操作,实现了高炉的长期稳定顺行.     

首钢长钢9号1080m~3高炉护炉操作实践

对首钢长钢9号高炉护炉实践进行了总结。护炉操作实践表明,通过采取优化装料制度、合理控制冶炼强度、增加含钛球团用量等等一系列有效的护炉措施,稳定了冷却壁水温差,并很好地处理了高炉生产与炉缸安全之间的矛盾。     

Structural bonding contributions and the elastic response of b.c.c. and f.c.c. crystals

The anisotropic elastic response of body centered cubic (b.c.c.) and face centered cubic (f.c.c.) crystals is reviewed within the framework of general elasticity and particular model dependent relations. It is found that important trends in the observed behavior of specific groups of crystals can be reproduced by models that include only structural contributions to crystal binding. In fact, a very simple model, consisting of only nearest and next nearest neighbor interactions, reproduces the salient behavior, including the algebraic signs of Poisson's ratio and the orderings of the shear moduli, Young's moduli, and Poisson's ratios associated with major crystallographic symmetries. The analysis provides insight into the differences between the b.c.c. transition metals and the b.c.c. alkali metals.     

E. L. Thorndike and the immediacy of reinforcement.

The earliest reference to the immediacy of reinforcement in E. L. Thorndike's writings is found in Animal Intelligence (1911), not in Volume 1 of Educational Psychology as previously stated in an earlier article by L. T. Benjamin and R. Perloff (1982). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

E. G. B.: The early years and change of course.

Discusses why E. G. Boring left the laboratory to become the foremost historian of experimental psychology. The position of psychology in general and at Harvard in particular in the mid-1920s is examined, and it is concluded that Boring turned to history because he could not accept the current phenomenological or behavioristic approaches. The Zeitgeist had rendered Titchenerian structuralism obsolete so it was natural for Boring to devote himself to the history of the great sensory tradition. His inclusion of James and Freud among the "very great" psychologists showed his growth in appreciation of men outside the structuralist school. Boring's career exemplified the positive and negative interactions of eponyms with the Zeitgeist which he maintained was an essential factor in the progress of science. (19 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Mathematics attitudes and mathematics outcomes of U.S. and Belarusian middle school students.

Two multivariate studies examined the applicability of the theory of planned behavior in gauging students' attitudes toward mathematics, as well as the predictive power of mathematics attitudes in explaining students' grades in mathematics. Middle-school students from the United States (N = 382) and Belarus (N = 339) participated. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the viability of the theory for both samples. The analyses revealed that between 25% and 32% of the variance in mathematics grades could be explained by the theory of planned behavior components. In fact, 17% of the variation in test grades could be explained by the theory of planned behavior over and above the effects of mathematics ability test scores. Mean score differences between countries were small (ds = .15 to .27), with Belarusian students scoring more highly on attitudes and control but less highly on subjective norms and intentions. The article concludes with discussion of potential interventions and the need to expand results to different age groups and achievement domains, as well as the need for longitudinal and cross-cultural research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Violence and U.S. regional culture.

The US South, and western regions of the US initially settled by Southerners, are more violent than the rest of the country. Homicide rates for White Southern males are substantially higher than those for White Northern males, especially in rural areas. But only for argument-related homicides are Southern rates higher. Southerners do not endorse violence more than do Northerners when survey questions are expressed in general terms, but they are more inclined to endorse violence for protection and in response to insults. Southern Ss responded with more apparent anger to insults than did Northerners and were more likely to propose violent solutions to conflicts presented in scenarios after being insulted. The social matrix that produced this pattern may be the culture of honor characteristic of particular economic circumstances, including the herding society of the early South. Consistent with this possibility, the herding regions of the South are still the most violent. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)