共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
将基于实际CCD模型的频谱编码方法引入光电成像系统,以克服CCD对空间分辨率的限制,实现几何超分辨成像。介绍了光学掩模实现几何超分辨成像的工作原理,基于实际的CCD模型在4f成像系统的频谱面上放置光学编码掩模来提高图像分辨率。对该成像系统模型进行了数学分析,从理论上证明了这种基于实际CCD模型的频谱编码方法的有效性。根据建立的理论完成了基于一维光学编码掩模方法的仿真实验。仿真结果表明:提出的方法能实现几何超分辨成像,解决了光电成像系统中因CCD欠采样造成的物频谱混叠和因像素尺寸非零而造成的低通效应问题。与传统的超分辨方法相比,该方法的系统结构简单、易实现。 相似文献
2.
微球透镜配合传统光学显微镜可以采集到衍射极限以下的超分辨光学图像,为了精确控制微球透镜在样品表面的位置,同时扩大超分辨成像范围,提出了一种控制微球透镜的方法,结合多轴微动平台实现微球透镜的精确定位与成像扫描操作。通过光学仿真分析了微球透镜超分辨成像效果,并对精密微动平台进行了运动学分析。为了提高超分辨成像效果,将微球透镜浸没于液体介质中,并对在液体中运动的微球透镜进行力学分析。通过实验,清晰分辨出130nm(~λ/4)的蓝光光碟条纹间隙,证明了微球透镜具有超分辨成像能力,结果表明,微球透镜可以在传统光学显微镜的基础上进一步提高约3.52倍的放大倍数。通过控制微球透镜以5×10~(-6) m/s的速度在液体中按"S"型轨迹移动,实现了对一个视场内样品的超分辨成像,此控制方法可以精确控制微球透镜的运动,通过扫描的方式可以扩大微球透镜的观测范围,提高观测速度。 相似文献
3.
随着光学成像全面进入光电数字成像时代,大多数成像系统的空间分辨率受限于探测器,所以提高探测器分辨率成为高分辨光电成像系统中的核心问题。而探测器的低分辨率主要是由于低采样频率和像元感光区的孔径效应而造成。最直接的解决方法就是减小像元尺寸,但会降低其他性能参数;针对最主要的限制因素——采样频率不足,目前多采用基于过采样原理的超分辨重建技术,通过提高探测器采样的频率来提高探测器的空间分辨率,但是其提升效果受到像元孔径效应的制约。为了进一步提高探测器受限的成像系统的空间分辨率,提出一种基于异形像元探测器的超分辨成像方法,将两列线阵异形像元探测器亚像元推扫实现像元细分,然后利用两列探测器所输出的灰度矩阵信息,重建出最终的高分辨图像。并分别通过理论评估和具体实验两方面验证该方法可以同时提高探测器的采样频率和截止频率,拓展带宽,从而实现高分辨率的目的。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
7.
论述了超分辨光学的一些新理论,叙述了衍射光栅显微镜、超分辨光学头、超分辨光刻技术以及合成孔径、超微粒干涉等的原理,评价了这些超分辨技术的实用化前景。 相似文献
8.
从自然到仿生的超疏水纳米界面材料 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
一种接触角大于150℃的超疏水表面,已经在基础研究和实际应用领域引起了人们的广泛关注。日前一些关于荷叶和水稻叶的研究显示,一种具有较大接触角和较小滚动角的超疏水表面,需要结合微米和纳米级的结构,而且表面微观结构的组成方式会影响水滴的移动性。这些来自自然界的研究成果将为人们构建人工疏水表面和设计可控湿度的界面提供指导。据此,人们已组装得到了纳米纤维聚合体的疏水表面和不同模型的碳纳米管簇薄膜。 相似文献
9.
10.
本文介绍PSTM成象原理;指出第一代PSTM中存在假象,介绍消除假象的图象分解PSTM发明专利;最后,分析PSTM的特点和预测纳米分辨PSTM光学显微镜产业发展前景。 相似文献
11.
Anthony N. van den Pol 《Journal of microscopy》1989,155(1):27-59
Colloidal gold is easily prepared, and readily adsorbs to a number of immunoreagents and other proteins for a wide variety of uses for neuronal visualization. Gold probes serve a role as immunolabels for both light and electron microscopy. As an ultrastructural immunocytochemical marker for detection of proteins, peptides or amino acids, gold can be used for immunostaining thick or thin sections prior to embedding, or for immunostaining ultrathin sections after embedding tissue in conventional or unusual embedding matrices. By virtue of its particulate nature, gold as an immunolabel facilitates a semi-quantitative analysis of relative antigen densities on ultrathin sections. Various combinations of different size gold particles or dual immunolabelling with enzymatic immunolabels together with colloidal gold or silver-intensified gold serve well for ultrastructural immunocytochemical localization of two antigens in the same tissue section. Colloidal gold can be detected with light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and with confocal laser microscopy. Silver intensification allows detection of gold at both the light and electron microscope level, and increases the sensitivity of immunogold procedures. Colloidal gold is useful as a tracer for physiological studies of transport and internalization in neurons in vivo and in vitro; computer-assisted video imaging techniques allow detection and tracking of single gold particles in living cells. 相似文献
12.
研究了软硬件相结合的亚像元超分辨成像技术。首先通过探测器扫描获得同一场景彼此错位亚像元像素的多帧图像作为训练样本和输入图像;然后针对传统的局部线性嵌入(LLE)实例学习超分辨算法过于依赖外部训练样本,不利于光电成像系统直接处理等缺点,提出了一种基于自学习的改进LLE算法;采用新的LLE权值计算方法获得正数权值,同时对初始估计再次运用自学习LLE方法恢复丢失的高频细节信息。仿真实验结果表明,该算法重构的图像的信噪比比传统LLE超分辨算法提高了0.8dB,运行时间提高了75%,视觉上可感知重构图像的细节信息更丰富。与其它方法相比,用搭载的微位移实验平台运行本文算法所获得重构图像的信噪比和信息熵都有很大提高,表明本文算法能获得高质量和高分辨率的重构图像。 相似文献
13.
虽然增加探测器的时间和空间采样频率可以提高亚像元成像系统空间分辨率,但探测器采集到的数据易发生混叠,使重构得到的图像的分辨率无法达到理想值。本文以3片线阵探测器亚像元成像为基础,提出一种超分辨率重构算法。首先,在高分辨率网格上建立插值模型;然后,辨识插值重构图像在线阵列方向和扫描方向的模糊核,得到整幅图像的模糊核;最后,采用带有Neumman边界条件的梯度平滑正则化模型去除模糊,抑制振铃效应。实验结果表明,该算法使亚像元成像系统分辨率为单线阵探测器无过采样成像系统分辨率的2.6倍;与双线性插值法相比,平均灰度等级(GMG)提高了7.71。该算法可以进一步实现对更多片线阵探测器亚像元成像的超分辨率重构,获取更高的系统分辨率。 相似文献
14.
《Measurement》2014
Practical phantoms are essential to assess the electrical impedance tomography (EIT) systems for their validation, calibration and comparison purposes. Metal surface electrodes are generally used in practical phantoms which reduce the SNR of the boundary data due to their design and development errors. Novel flexible and biocompatible gold electrode arrays of high geometric precision are proposed to improve the boundary data quality in EIT. The flexible gold electrode arrays are developed on flexible FR4 sheets using thin film technology and practical gold electrode phantoms are developed with different configurations. Injecting a constant current to the phantom boundary the surface potentials are measured by a LabVIEW based data acquisition system and the resistivity images are reconstructed in EIDORS. Boundary data profile and the resistivity images obtained from the gold electrode phantoms are compared with identical phantoms developed with stainless steel electrodes. Surface profilometry, microscopy and the impedance spectroscopy show that the gold electrode arrays are smooth, geometrically precised and less resistive. Results show that the boundary data accuracy and image quality are improved with gold electrode arrays. Results show that the diametric resistivity plot (DRP), contrast to noise ratio (CNR), percentage of contrast recovery (PCR) and coefficient of contrast (COC) of reconstructed images are improved in gold electrode phantoms. 相似文献
15.
High‐resolution backscatter electron (BSE) imaging of colloidal gold can be accomplished at low voltage using in‐lens or below‐the‐lens FESEMs equipped with either Autrata‐modified yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) scintillators doped with cerium, or with BSE to secondary electron (SE) conversion plates. The threshold for BSE detection of colloidal gold was 1.8 keV for the YAG detector, and the BSE/SE conversion was sensitive down to 1 keV. Gold particles (6, 12 and 18 nm) have an atomic number of 79 and were clearly distinguished at 500 000× by materials contrast and easily discriminated from cell surfaces coated with platinum with an atomic number of 78. BSE imaging was relatively insensitive to charging, and build up of carbon contamination on the specimen was transparent to the higher energy BSE. 相似文献