奇亚籽含油量及其脂肪酸组成分析

分析不同产地的奇亚籽油脂脂肪酸组成。采用索氏提取法提取奇亚籽中油脂,并对其甲脂化处理后用气相色谱法进行分析。结果表明,不同产地奇亚籽含油率相差较大,总体保持在25.5%～29.4%之间。样品间脂肪酸组分相同,共分离鉴定出17种脂肪酸,其中主要成分为不饱和脂肪酸,单不饱和脂肪酸油酸6.9%～7.8%,多不饱和脂肪酸亚油酸18.1%～19.7%,亚麻酸60.1%～62.9%。奇亚籽作为一种新食品原料,其油脂中亚麻酸的含量研究为奇亚籽的开发利用提供参考依据。     

番荔枝籽油脂脂肪酸组成的GC-MS分析

研究了番荔枝籽油脂中脂肪酸的组成.用索氏脂肪抽提器提取番荔枝籽的油脂,并以GC-MS分析油脂脂肪酸的组成.结果表明,番荔枝籽油脂收率达29.2％;番荔枝籽油脂中含有8种脂肪酸,主要为:油酸(45.37％)、亚油酸(30.68％)、棕榈酸(13.60％)和硬脂酸(8.94％),其中不饱和脂肪酸含量达76.29％.番荔枝籽含油量高,脂肪酸种类丰富,尤其是不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,具有较高的开发利用价值.     

番荔枝籽油脂脂肪酸组成的GC—MS分析

研究了番荔枝籽油脂中脂肪酸的组成。用索氏脂肪抽提器提取番荔枝籽的油脂,并以GC-MS分析油脂脂肪酸的组成。结果表明,番荔枝籽油脂收率达29．2％;番荔枝籽油脂中含有8种脂肪酸,主要为：油酸（45．37％）、亚油酸（30．68％）、棕榈酸（13．60％）和硬脂酸（8．94％）,其中不饱和脂肪酸含量达76．29％。番荔枝籽含油量高,脂肪酸种类丰富,尤其是不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,具有较高的开发利用价值。．     

尿素包合法富集八月瓜籽中不饱和脂肪酸工艺研究

以八月瓜籽为原料,采用索氏法提取八月瓜籽中的籽油,利用尿素包合法对籽油中不饱和脂肪酸进行富集;以碘值为评价指标,采用单因素实验和星点设计响应面法对富集工艺进行优化;通过GC-MS对脂肪酸的成分进行分析,并确定其含量.结果表明:最佳富集工艺条件为尿素与95％乙醇质量体积比2.5:11、包合温度-24℃、包合时间24 h,...     

荞麦籽油的脂肪酸组成与含量分析

通过气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)测定荞麦籽油中的脂肪酸含量,用外标法与峰面积归一法进行定量分析。荞麦籽油脂肪酸种类丰富,以不饱和脂肪酸为主,其中单不饱和脂肪酸为45.10%,多不饱和脂肪酸为32.76%。荞麦籽油中4种脂肪酸含量:油酸亚油酸棕榈酸硬脂酸。     

微波作用在测定磷矿石浮选捕收剂原料中的应用

采用微波作用以w(Na OH)5%的氢氧化钠-甲醇溶液为提取、皂化剂提取磷矿石浮选捕收剂原料(以橡胶籽为例)中脂肪酸并皂化,研究了提取条件、橡胶籽油的理化性质及其甲醇化后的组成,结果表明,提取、皂化时间以5 min为宜;利用气相质谱(GCMS)技术分析得出橡胶籽油中含有7种脂肪酸,以不饱和的油酸(25.86%)、亚油酸(39.91%)、和亚麻酸(18.01%)为主。     

气质联用技术分析大兴安岭野生玫瑰花的脂肪酸组成

目的采用气质联用技术分析生长于黑龙江北部地区大兴安岭野生玫瑰花脂肪酸的组成。方法将同一天采摘并储存于相同条件下的野生玫瑰花,采用索氏提取法,以石油醚为溶剂对野生玫瑰花的不同部位萃取得到玫瑰花脂肪酸,经三氟化硼-甲醇酯化后,用气质联用技术进行定性和定量分析。结果野生玫瑰花不同部位(花瓣、花蕊、花托及花萼)的脂肪酸组成不同,花瓣中共检测出14种脂肪酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸相对含量为63.78%;花蕊中共检测出15种脂肪酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸的相对含量为59.1%;花托中共检测出13种脂肪酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸的相对含量为47.02%;花萼中共检测出20种脂肪酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸的相对含量为40.3%。结论野生玫瑰花不同部位(花瓣、花蕊、花托及花萼)的脂肪酸组成不同,花瓣部位富含不饱和脂肪酸,对提升玫瑰花精油的质量,充分利用野生玫瑰花资源提供了参考。     

乌鳢鱼肌肉脂肪酸组成的气相色谱/质谱分析

采用国标方法提取乌鳢鱼肌肉中的脂肪成分,应用氢氧化钾/甲醇碱催化法将脂肪中的脂肪酸衍生化为脂肪酸甲酯,再应用GC/MS联用分析技术,测定分析其脂肪酸组成。结果显示:新鲜乌鳢鱼肉粗脂肪含量3.10%(质量分数,以下同),共鉴定出38个脂肪酸成分;其中,饱和脂肪酸15种,含量32.8%;不饱和脂肪酸23种,含量65.5%;以DHA、亚麻酸、EPA为代表的omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸6种,含量6.78%;以亚油酸为代表的omega-6多不饱和脂肪酸7种,含量14.6%。     

气相色谱-质谱联用分析美藤果油脂肪酸组成

采用超临界CO2流体萃取法提取美藤果种子中的脂肪油,甲酯化后运用GC-MS联用技术对其中的脂肪酸组成进行分析。结果表明:采用超临界CO2萃取法提取美藤果种子脂肪油得率为48.75%,所得脂肪油中含有11种脂肪酸,主要为亚麻酸(46.38%)、亚油酸(34.19%)、棕榈酸(10.89%)和硬脂酸(7.60%),其中不饱和脂肪酸含量高达81.18%以上,表明美藤果种子富含不饱和脂肪酸,具有较高的营养价值和保健功能。     

杨梅核仁油的理化指标和脂肪酸成分分析

采用索氏提取法提取杨梅核仁油,并测定了杨梅核仁油的常见理化指标,同时采用GC-MS法分析了杨梅核仁油中的脂肪酸成分。结果表明,杨梅核仁油的提取率为67%,杨梅核仁油的折光率为1.471,酸价为0.416mg/g,过氧化值为0.023。GC-MS分析共检测出9种脂肪酸,不饱和脂肪酸总含量为85.63%,亚油酸含量为40.36%。     

Chemical characteristics of oils from naked and husk seeds of Cucurbita pepo L.

Pumpkin seed oils from naked and husk pumpkin seeds, produced by an industrial process and by laboratory extraction, were evaluated for fatty acid composition, tocopherol, sterol and squalene content. The major fatty acids in the oils from both varieties were oleic, linoleic and palmitic acid, followed by stearic acid. The ratios of monounsaturated to polyunsaturated fatty acids for husk and naked seed oils were about 0.60 and 0.75, respectively. Analysis of tocopherols in industrially pressed and laboratory‐extracted oils showed that husk seed oils had higher amounts of total tocopherols than naked seed oils. Oils extracted in the laboratory had higher amounts of tocopherols than industrial oils. Pumpkin seed oil, in general, had a high level of squalene, which was higher in husk seed oils than in naked seed oils and in extracted than in pressed oils. The total amount of sterols was higher in husk than in naked seed oils and in extracted oil samples. The main sterols were Δ7‐sterols and their content was similar in all samples, but the content of Δ5‐sterols was higher in oil samples of husk pumpkin seed and in extracted than in pressed oils.     

黑种草籽油的超临界CO_2萃取及其GC-MS分析

以新疆瘤果黑种草籽为原料,采用超临界CO2萃取技术(SFE-CO2)研究了瘤果黑种草籽油的萃取工艺,并对其化学成分进行了GC-MS分析。得到瘤果黑种草籽油较适宜的工艺条件为:萃取压力20 MPa,萃取温度35℃,萃取时间2 h,CO2流量20 kg/h。在该工艺条件下,黑种草籽油的得油率达36.33%。GC-MS检测出6种脂肪酸成分,主要为不饱和脂肪酸,其中,亚油酸质量分数60.95%,油酸质量分数20.54%,8,11-二十碳二烯酸质量分数2.43%,不饱和脂肪酸的质量分数近84%。     

乌桕梓油脂肪酸组成分析

乌柏是我国四大木本油料之一,种子含油量高,乌桕梓油是由种仁榨取所得的液体油脂,是轻工业、食品和国防等行业的重要油源。乌桕梓油甲酯化后,利用100 m×0.25 mm的GC毛细管柱,气相色谱法测定乌桕梓油的脂肪酸组成。测定结果表明：乌桕梓油中饱和脂肪酸占10.68%,以棕榈酸含量最高,占7.52%。不饱和脂肪酸占89.13%,单不饱和脂肪酸占18.63%,以油酸含量最高,占14.55%;多不饱和脂肪酸占70.50%;其中含量最高的为人体所必需的脂肪酸亚油酸和α-亚麻酸,分别占30.77%和39.30%。还含有相当数量天然植物中少有的奇数碳原子脂肪酸十一烷酸,占0.29%。其中月桂烯酸（占3.19%）和十一烷酸未见报道。     

Oil and Conjugated Linolenic Acid Contents of Seeds from Important Pomegranate Cultivars (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Punica granatum</Emphasis> L.) Grown in Turkey

In the present study, seed oil content and fatty acid composition of 15 commercially important pomegranate cultivars were determined. The oil content of pomegranate seeds ranged between 13.95 and 24.13% (d.b). Palmitic, stearic, arachidic, and behenic acid contents of the oils ranged between 2.10–2.77, 1.35–2.01, 0.33–0.48, and 0.16–0.22%, respectively. The predominant unsaturated fatty acid was punicic acid (70.42–76.17%) and a minor unsaturated fatty acid was gadoleic acid (0.42–0.75%). The analysis on unsaturated fatty acids particularly showed significant amounts of punicic acid, which is considered to enhance the oil quality and is of importance to health.     

Zusammensetzung einiger koreanischer Samenöle

Composition of Some Korean Seed Oils Seeds of some Korean plants, used in popular medicine, were investigated for oil content, fatty acid composition and sterol composition. Two seed oils of conifers contained unusual polyenoic acids having 18 and 20 C-atoms. cis-5, cis-9, cis-12-Octadecatrienoic acid was identified as one of the major component fatty acids in the seed oil of Pinus koraiensis. Apart from their medicinal use, some of the investigated seeds of angiosperms, such as perilla, sesame or rape, are used mainly for oil extraction. The oils in the varieties cultivated in Korea do not differ in their fatty acid composition from the figures considered as average composition in Europe.     

越南安息香种子脂肪酸的在线甲基化-GC分析研究

建立了分析越南安息香种子油、果实和果壳的脂肪酸组成的在线甲基化-气相色谱法。将微克级的安息香样品与2μL衍生化试剂三甲基氢氧化硫（0.2 mol/L）加入裂解器,在350℃下瞬间反应,由气相色谱在线检测到8种脂肪酸甲酯成分,主要有棕榈酸（ C16∶0）、硬脂酸（ C18∶0）、油酸（ C18∶1）、亚油酸（ C18∶2）和亚麻酸（ C18∶3）,不饱和脂肪酸含量在84.5%以上,其中亚油酸含量最高,达47.29%。5次平行测定的相对标准偏差（ RSD）小于3.81%。并结合相似性分析法比较了4种不同产地的安息香种仁与6种食用油的脂肪酸组成,相似性结果表明不同产地的安息香种仁的脂肪酸组成相似,其脂肪酸组成与食用植物油相近,与玉米油的组成分布最为接近,相似系数在0.987~0.990,且越南安息香种子中人体必需的多不饱和脂肪酸含量（ C18∶2和C18∶3）与大豆油和葵花籽油相近,高于一般植物油,具有较高的营养价值。结果表明该法简便、快速、准确,适合越南安息香种子油脂的测定。     

Current advances in sunflower oil and its applications

The fatty acid and triacylglycerol composition of a vegetable oil determine its physical, chemical and nutritional properties. The applications of a specific oil depend mainly on its fatty acid composition and the way in which fatty acids are arranged in the glycerol backbone. Minor components, e. g. tocopherols, also modify oil properties such as thermo‐oxidative resistance. Sunflower seed commodity oils predominantly contain linoleic and oleic fatty acids with lower content of palmitic and stearic acids. High‐oleic sunflower oil, which can be considered as a commodity oil, has oleic acid up to around 90%. Additionally, new sunflower varieties with different fatty acids and tocopherols compositions have been selected. Due to these modifications sunflower oils possess new properties and are better adapted for direct home consumption, for the food industry, and for non‐food applications such as biolubricants and biodiesel production.