共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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基于自易校准技术研究了柱面会聚波超声功率的测量方法。首先从定义柱面会聚波的互易常数、自由场发送电流响应及电压灵敏度等电声特性参数开始,重点讨论了反射系数及衍射修正系数的计算方法,推导了凹圆柱面聚焦换能器声功率自易测量计算的表达式。然后,将实测结果与辐射力法的测量结果比较取得很好的一致性。通过实验证明了自易校准法应用于柱面会聚波超声功率测量的合理性和可行性。 相似文献
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声发射传感器的校准是声发射定量检测技术的前提,互易法和表面脉冲法是目前通常采用的两种校准方法,为探讨其一致性,从互易常数入手,比较表面波互易常数和表面脉冲法中的等效互易常数。通过加载力的等效处理、利用激光测振仪测量质点振速,获得法向速度和所加力脉冲的时域和频域分量,计算得到等效互易常数。同时,建立互易法和表面脉冲法校准系统,对实验结果进行对比分析。互易常数与等效互易常数的计算结果和基于校准系统的实验结果表明,互易法和表面脉冲法之间具有较好的一致性,电信号激励声发射换能器所引起的径向谐振产生的影响,对于互易校准而言可以忽略。 相似文献
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阐述了拖曳线列阵管中校准法的基本原理.并在计算机上进行了模拟.这种校准方法是以一组电流值驱动分布于管中的一组发射换能器,在管中产生以任意角度入射的自由场平面波,从而测出拖曳线列阵自由场灵敏度和指向性.模拟结果表明,只要发射换能器和监测器布放合理.就能在管中模拟生成在一定范围内起伏的平面波场,指向性的模拟结果证明了这种校准方法的可行性. 相似文献
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随着医学超声的蓬勃发展,对超声剂量的测量与控制的需要与日俱增。国内外均已研制了PVDF压电薄膜水听器用于超声场的测量,也曾开展了以测量辅助换能器的超声功率和指向性因数为基础的轴向声压法校准和自由场球面波互易校准工作。但因技术上原因和设备上的困难,继续提高校准频率不易解决。 本文叙述按照IEC文件推荐的方法,应用瑞利公式,用计算机计算在近场与远场间的过渡区的衍射损失因子,对平面波互易参量进行了修正后,用平面波互易法对1.450MHz,2.102MHz、3.385MHz、4.803MHz和10.187MHz五个辅助换能器的互易校准。获得了它们的发射… 相似文献
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两换能器互易法由于将校准归结到若干电学量的测量,目前是校准高频水听器的主要方法之一。校准水听器过程中,在保证电学量测量精度的情况下,开展了诸多影响因素的研究,主要包括辅助换能器有效直径、声场中心对称性,水听器浸泡时间,水含氧量及衰减修正等引起的影响研究等。研究表明,在准确计算出衍射修正参数G1、平均效应修正参数G2的前提下,辅助换能器有效直径、衰减修正等引入的影响较大,而声场的非中心对称性、水听器浸泡时间及水含氧量带来的影响较小。结果表明,所建立的高频水听器校准装置,在0.5~15 MHz的频率范围内,校准结果与英国国家物理实验室的校准结果非常接近,结果准确可靠。 相似文献
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针对缺少在变温条件下校准水听器灵敏度方法的问题,设计了一套基于动圈换能器声管的变温水听器灵敏度校准系统。建立模型分析声管内的声压分布,并计算了变温后对灵敏度校准结果的补偿量;利用Comsol仿真不同声管厚度对声场的影响,分析了底面非均匀振动和不同尺寸的水听器对校准结果的影响,确定了合适的声管尺寸和测量方法。分别在常温与变温条件下对不同尺寸的水听器进行校准并将校准结果与标准值比较。结果表明,此系统在常温下的校准结果与标准值的偏差低于0.5 dB,变温条件下的测量结果与标准值偏差低于0.6 dB,整体系统的扩展不确定度约为1.0 dB。 相似文献
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Kanji Ono 《Research in Nondestructive Evaluation》2019,30(1):19-64
This study systematically determined the transmission and receiving sensitivities of over twenty transducers. Four types of sensitivities were evaluated for both transmission and receiving sensitivities. These are found to be different from each other and the reversibility or reciprocity conditions exist only in exceptional cases. Using their observed behavior as the basis, we critically examined the calibration methods developed to characterize them, including those based on laser interferometry and the acoustic reciprocity principle. Serious flaws in some of the reciprocity methods are uncovered, which can be rectified by using the Hill--Adams method. Four procedures emerged as workable calibration methods for contact ultrasonic and acoustic emission transducers. However, current experimental uncertainties limit the upper frequency to 2 MHz. 相似文献
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Shou W Duan S He P Xia R Qian D 《IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control》2006,53(3):564-570
The free-field transmitting voltage response at the pressure focus of a spherically focusing transducer was defined and calibrated based on the reciprocity theorem of a free-field spherically focused acoustic wave. The acoustic power, the radiation conductance, and the pressure at the pressure focus were derived and measured accordingly from the transmitting current response on the imaginary mirror symmetric spherical surface of the radiating surface. A miniature hydrophone was calibrated by the self-reciprocity of the spherically focusing source. Comparison results show that the measured acoustic power deviation between the reciprocity method and the radiation force balance method are within +/- 5% for two air-backed focusing transducers at 1.53 MHz and 5.27 MHz, respectively, and the maximum deviation of a hydrophone calibration between the new method and the free-field plane wave reciprocity method is within 1.4 dB in the frequency range from 1 MHz to 2 MHz in experiments. 相似文献
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论述了电声互易原理和用于平面活塞型与球面聚焦换能器校准的自易法(Self Reciprocity Method,SRM)。介绍了一系列的定义和发送电压(电流)响应与电压灵敏度。阐述了SRM与辐射力天平(Radiation Force Balance,RFB)法之间的关系。在1~25 MHz频率范围内,对超声换能器校准和输出功率测量的实验显示,两种方法具有相近的准确度。SRM法比RFB法测量具有更高的信噪比和更好的稳定性。 相似文献
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Chen X Phillips D Schwarz KQ Mottley JG Parker KJ 《IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control》1997,44(2):515-525
A new formulation for obtaining the absolute backscatter coefficient from pulse-echo measurements is presented. Using this formulation, performing the diffraction correction and system calibration is straightforward. The diffraction correction function for the measurement of backscatter coefficient and the acoustic coupling function for a pulse-echo system are defined. Details of these functions for two very useful cases are presented: a flat disk transducer and a spherically focused transducer. Approximations of these functions are also provided. For a flat disk transducer, the final formulation appears as a modification to the established Sigelmann-Reid formulation. For a focused transducer, the final correction is a weak function of frequency when the scattering volume is near the focal area, rather than the frequency squared dependence proposed by earlier investigators. 相似文献