合成氨装置脱碳系统蒸汽压缩机跳车原因分析及预防措施

河南中原大化公司30万t／a合成氨装置脱碳系统采用离心式蒸汽压缩机。介绍了蒸汽压缩机的工艺流程;分析了蒸汽压缩机跳车的原因;提出了针对性的预防措施并取得了良好的效果。     

Absorption with first order chemical reaction into turbulently flowing liquids

The damped turbulence model has been applied to the problem of absorption with a first order chemical reaction through a gas-liquid interface into a turbulently flowing liquid. An analytical solution has been obtained in terms of Gauss hypergeometric functions. A further investigation has shown that the solution is fairly insensitive to the boundary condition inside the liquid phase. A simpler solution has also been obtained with a negligible loss of accuracy.     

循环水用无磷缓蚀阻垢剂的研究与应用

针对敞开式循环水的腐蚀和结垢问题,研制了无磷缓蚀阻垢剂AE4135,实验结果显示:AE4135对抑制碳酸钙垢和硫酸钙垢具有良好的效果,对碳钢和铜材质具有优秀的缓蚀作用。并在山东某电厂应用一年,证明AE4135对敞开式循环水系统具有良好的阻垢和缓蚀效果,同时解决了循环水排污水磷超标的问题,具有明显的环境效益。     

PREDICTION OF ENERGY DISSIPATION IN A CONVERGENT-DIVERGENT MULTISTAGE BUBBLE COLUMN

An experimental investigation was carried out to evaluate energy dissipation of a divergent-convergent multistage bubble column (with convergent and divergent disks), which has been conceived, designed, and fabricated as a wet scrubber for air pollution control. In addition it has versatile use as a gas-liquid contactor in chemical and biochemical process industries. A detailed experimental investigation of pressure drop and energy dissipation has been reported by using a divergent-convergent multistage bubble column. Correlation developed for predicting energy dissipation has been found to be encouraging and highly significant from a statistical point of view. Energy consumption of the present system has been compared with other systems.     

新型耐高温耐腐蚀涂层材料——陶瓷塑料

所介绍的陶瓷塑料,既具有陶瓷耐高温、耐腐蚀及高强度的性能,又具有塑料的良好可塑性和粘结性能,并且陶瓷塑料还与各种材料（包括金属）有良好的附着性。     

磷石膏包裹制备缓释尿素的工艺研究

磷肥生产每年产生大量磷石膏,目前采用的露天堆存磷石膏方式存在着很大的环境安全隐患,磷石膏的治理是个世界难题。研究利用磷石膏包裹制备缓释尿素,在有效提高尿素N利用率的同时,既可为植物提供硫元素,又可消耗利用部分磷石膏。     

浅谈高温泥绘在现代陶瓷装饰中的表现

现代陶瓷装饰在材料语言方面相对于传统的种种突破,体现了现代人的审美要求。高温泥绘,吸收了古人所留下的丰富视觉遗产,其艺术效果独特,表现形式丰富多彩,在陶瓷装饰领域独树一帜,并具有不可彰显的魅力。     

Dissolution of non spherical particles in solid-liquid fluidization

Dissolution of angular particles in a liquid fluidized bed has been studied. It has first been observed that the particles shape does not change during dissolution. It has then been demonstrated that, for a given shape, the mass transfer coefficient is dependent neither on the liquid velocity nor on the solid particles diameter.Finally, the influence of shape has been determined and a correlation proposed.4     

Étude de la déshydratation des ethers de glycol comme une nouvelle voie de synthèse des vinyl-ethers

A study has been made to determine the basic conditions to develop an economical manufacturing process for vinyl glycol ethers. To achieve the aforesaid purpose, the synthesis of the above-mentioned products by means of glycol ether dehydration has been experimentally investigated; the most suitable way to achieve it has been found to be an indirect dehydration (pyrolysis of the corresponding acetates). After having found the best way of synthetizing the vinyl glycol ethers, a determination has been made of the parameters which have a significant influence on the reaction carried out, in the gaseous phase, in a glass tubular reactor under normal pressure. An optimization study has enabled to develop a model from which the maximum response area has been found, selectivity being the objective function.     

Mesoscale modelling of processing rubber-toughened acrylic polymers

Abstract

The use of modelling in reproducing the microstructure of rubber-toughened acrylic polymers has been examined. A modelling procedure has been carried out in three stages. In the first stage, a rheological constitutive equation for rubber-toughened poly (methyl methacrylate) (RTPMMA) has been developed. In the second stage, the flow of RTPMMA melt has been modelled simulating common industrial polymer processing techniques such as extrusion and injection moulding. For the final stage, a mesoscale model has been built in order to reproduce the RTPMMA microstructure. Comparison with experimental observations has shown that the code has successfully predicted that rubber particle elongation is much more pronounced during injection moulding than during extrusion. It has been shown that particle elongation is greater near the walls of the mould, whereas the particles are more or less spherical in the central region of the mould. The 'shear' region (where the particles deform at an angle of approximately ±45°) has been reproduced. Particle distribution across the width and length of the mould has been found to be fairly uniform. Such a mesoscale model not only provides a better explanation of experimental observations for toughened polymers, but it can also provide the polymer industry with the ability to make useful suggestions for possible routes to improved materials for a wide range of multi-phase systems.     

5万t／a食品级液体CO2生产装置运行总结

介绍了5万t／a食品级液体CO2生产装置的工艺流程和主要设备;简述了催化剂的选择和应用情况;分析了装置的生产运行情况及存在的主要问题;采取了相应的技改措施。     

2005年度安庆市工业固体废弃物污染现状分析

在安庆市2005年度工业固废统计数据的基础上,从构成、产生、贮存、排放和综合利用等几个方面对安庆市工业固废的污染现状进行了详细的分析,指出了目前工业固废处置工作中存在的问题,并提出了相应的治理对策.     

新型甲醇氧化羰化合成碳酸二甲酯（DMC）催化剂的研究

中国科学院成都有机化学研究所研究出新型甲醇氧化羰化合成碳酸二甲酯(DMC)的氯化亚铜配合物类催化剂,在70L反应器上对该催化剂进行了应用研究,完成了催化剂的活性、选择性、腐蚀性和寿命试验。并对DMC的分离工艺进行了研究。     

Liquid Phase RTD Studies in Sectionalized Bubble Column

The liquid phase backmixing has been reduced significantly by introducing horizontal perforated sieve plates into a 6.2 cm diameter and 77 cm height and in a 20 cm diameter and 90 cm height bubble columns. For the visbreaking operation of the petroleum residue, where the bubble column is used as soaker such a sectionalization has been suggested. The effect of the introduction of different gas quantities at various axial locations has also been studied to check the effect of increasing gas quantity formed in the visbreaking operation. The nonideality in the liquid phase backmixing has been studied by measuring liquid phase RTD and analysed by using one parameter dispersion model. A new parameter FP (flow parameter) has been defined and a correlation to predict liquid phase dispersion coefficient has been developed which covers the entire range of variables used in the present work.     

25万 t／a 硝酸铵装置建设及生产运行情况技术总结

介绍了25万t/a硝酸铵装置的生产工艺流程,并对工艺及设备进行了完善,提供了多孔（工业）硝酸铵装置工艺运行参数及质量与物料消耗参数,针对成品硝酸铵水分较高提出了改进措施。     

用膜分离技术生产乙醇的探讨

发酵法制备燃料乙醇是一种相当传统的工艺,但由于原材料的问题,迟迟不能大范围的推广。由于世界能源危机的加剧,针对这个问题引发了诸多先进的生物技术,其中,膜分离技术的诸多优点,得到了及大的关注,而渗透汽化膜分离法具有节能的重要特点,使其成为了研究的重要方向。     

Communication: Retainer frame effects on Cone calorimeter results for building products

The Cone Calorimeter has been used for fire testing of different products on a small scale for almost a decade. However, the number of users has been increasing in the last two to three years. More experimentation with the apparatus has led to practical questions. One of these is about the use of a retainer frame which has been used mainly for building products, but very few direct comparisons have been presented.     

Modeling of monolithic and trickle-bed reactors for the hydrogenation of styrene

A kinetic study into the styrene hydrogenation over a palladium on alumina catalyst has been made. Styrene was used as a model component for pyrolysis gasoline. A kinetic rate expression has been derived and the inhibiting effect of sulfur components has been included. Using this kinetics and mass-transfer models compiled from literature, the performance of two types of reactors for the styrene (pyrolysis gasoline) hydrogenation has been evaluated. A structured reactor such as a monolith has large advantages over a conventional trickle-bed reactor. For the monolithic reactor a more than 3 times higher volumetric productivity is obtained with much less catalyst. The modeling results indicate that deactivation by gum formation should be significantly less due to much better hydrogen mass transfer in the reactor.     

Influence of the hydrocarbons distribution on the heat produced during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

The heat produced during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis has been calculated, considering a base case in which a typical Anderson-Schulz-Flory (ASF) distribution is followed by the paraffinic hydrocarbons produced. An equation has been obtained, which allows us to calculate the enthalpy of reaction, using the probability of chain growth as the variable. The effect of a deviation from the ASF distribution has been considered, through the example of a higher methane selectivity than in the base case. The correction due to the condensation of higher hydrocarbons has also been evaluated. In order to be able to perform energy balance calculations, the physical state of water at the reactor outlet has been checked.     

The thermal memory of acrylic fibres

The dyeing operation produces significant decreases in the differential solubility of acrylic fibres with different percentage of relaxation. It has also been observed that the solubility differences found between substrates having different relaxation properties are largely preserved after a blind dyeing treatment has been carried out. The differential solubility technique using a mixture of dimethylformamide and water has been used to characterise their structure, and it has been found that acrylic fibres possess a good thermal memory.