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我国市售酱油氯丙醇污染研究:地区间污染水平的比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用稳定性同位素稀释气相质谱法定量测定多组分氯丙醇,调查了我国市售酱油氯丙醇的污染水平。调查分3次进行,所抽查的629份市售酱油产于2003~2004年间,来自我国11个省、市。各地区样品3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(3-MCPD)的检出率均较高,在90%~100%之间,3-MCPD水平在0.003~189 mg/kg之间,几何均数为21.1μg/kg;2-氯-1,3-丙二醇(2-MCPD)的检出率在14.3%~83.8%之间;1,3-二氯-2-丙醇(1,3-DCP)、2,3-二氯-1-丙醇(2,3-DCP)的检出率分别在0%~24%、0~18.9%之间,全部样品的几何均数低于定量限。总体上,我国市售酱油氯丙醇污染水平有明显下降,但以各地有限的抽查样品评价,污染的地区差异明显,来自河南、广西、浙江样品污染水平以及检出率相对较高,而福建、江苏、北京以及上海样品污染水平较低。 相似文献
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酱油中3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(3-MCPD)检测方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
氯丙醇的检测主要有气相色谱法和气相色谱.质谱联用法。通过国家认监委组织的酱油中3-氯-1,2-丙二醇检测能力验证活动的结果,从标准物质、样品处理过程、仪器条件、结果计算等几方面加以比较和分析探讨,得出了最优检测条件。 相似文献
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《食品工业科技》2013,(06):385-388
3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(3-MCPD)作为一种公认的食品污染物已有数十年之久。随着对3-MCPD的深入研究,在越来越多的食品中检测出较高含量的3-MCPD。最近的研究发现3-MCPD更多地以酯化形式存在于咖啡、婴幼儿配方奶粉及食用油等很多食品中。这些存在于食品中的3-MCPD脂肪酸酯(3-MCPD酯)在一定条件下能够释放3-MCPD,从而引起对机体的毒性作用。目前已有研究报道了3-MCPD棕榈酸单酯在动物体内的急性毒性作用和细胞毒性作用,因此,进一步深入研究3-MCPD酯的毒性显得尤为重要。本文对3-MCPD酯在食品中的存在及影响因素、检测方法、代谢转化以及毒性研究进行了综述。 相似文献
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3-氯-1,2-丙二醇是“有可能引发癌症”的物质,其含量要严格控制,其产生与酸水解植物蛋白调味液的生产过程有关,但并不是必然产生。介绍了酸水解植物蛋白调味液的生产工艺流程及操作方法,以及3-氯-1,2-丙二醇的来源及其控制。 相似文献
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建立固相萃取与气相色谱-质谱联用(solid phase extraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,SPE-GC-MS)测定调味料中3-氯-1,2-丙二醇的新方法。对影响分析物SPE萃取效率的诸因素如洗脱溶剂、洗脱溶剂的体积和上样体积等进行详细考察和优化。最佳萃取条件为5.0g样品与5mol/L氯化钠溶液混匀,经SPE萃取净化、衍生后,以GC-MS进行测定,该方法对3-氯-1,2-丙二醇的检出限为0.15μg/kg,线性范围为0.51~6144μg/kg,相关系数和相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)(n=5)分别为0.9998和8.8%。该方法成功应用于调味料3-氯-1,2-丙二醇的分析,加标回收的回收率为87.2%~109.4%。 相似文献
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2003-2005年中国酱油中氯丙醇监测结果与分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
为了解中国酱油的卫生质量,2003—2005年全国食品污染物监测网在中国14个省市监测了酱油中氯丙醇的污染,3年共监测915个样品,统计结果显示中国酱油中氯丙醇的3年总平均值为0.892mg/kg,总检出率为70.88%,如以酸水解植物蛋白调味液行业标准1mg/kg来判定,其总超标率为11.34%,最大值达到189mg/kg。从地区分布分析,广西、浙江、河北、河南的总平均值为1.142~1.793mg/kg,属于严重污染水平地区;福建、陕西、广东、重庆、山东、江苏、吉林和湖北的总平均值为0.209—0.995mg/kg,属于中等污染水平地区;上海和北京的总平均值为0.15和0.03mg/kg,污染水平低于其他地区。我国部分酱油生产企业在酱油中加入酸水解蛋白调味液,致使酱油中氯丙醇污染严重。 相似文献
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3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) in soy sauces and similar products available from retail outlets in the UK 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
R. MacArthur C. Crews A. Davies P. Brereton P. Hough D. Harvey 《Food Additives & Contaminants》2000,17(11):903-906
A survey of the level of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) in soy sauces and similar products available in the UK is reported. The survey was carried out by the Joint Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food/Department of Health Food Safety and Standards Group (JFSSG) to check for compliance with the Food Advisory Committee's (FAC) recommended limit for 3-MCPD of 0.01mg/kg following reports that soy sauces in several European countries had been found to contain high levels (up to 124mg/kg) of 3-MCPD. Forty samples of soy sauce and similar products purchased from retail outlets were analysed using a GC-MS procedure which had been formally validated by an earlier collaborative trial. 3-MCPD was undetectable in 21 (52%) of samples analysed in the survey, with a further five samples containing very low levels of between 0.01 and 0.02mg/kg. Five samples (13%) contained 3-MCPD at levels in the range 0.020-1mg/kg while nine samples (23%) were found to contain 3-MCPD at levels greater than 1mg/kg, with the highest level being 30.5mg/kg. 相似文献
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Jessica K. Beekman Kaitlin Grassi Shaun MacMahon 《Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment》2020,37(3):374-390
ABSTRACTFatty acid esters of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and glycidol are potentially carcinogenic and/or genotoxic processing contaminants that are formed during the process of edible oil refining. Because of their toxicological properties, the presence of these compounds in refined oils and foods containing these oils, particularly infant formula, poses a potential food safety concern. For this reason, recent research efforts have focussed on the development of methods for the analysis of MCPD and glycidyl esters in infant formula in order to estimate levels of exposure. This work presents occurrence data for 3-MCPD and glycidyl esters in 222 infant formulas purchased in the United States between December 2017 and January 2019. The results of this study show a wide range of contaminant concentrations across four different manufacturers, with average bound 3-MCPD concentrations ranging from 0.035 µg g?1 to 0.63 µg g?1 and average bound glycidol concentrations ranging from 0.019 µg g?1 to 0.22 µg g?1. The data suggest that manufacturers B and C source palm oil produced with mitigation measures, leading to reduced amounts of 3-MCPD and glycidyl esters in their infant formulas. Additionally, comparison with a previously published study in our laboratory of the occurrence of 3-MCPD and glycidyl esters in infant formula purchased in the U.S. between 2013 and 2016 revealed that, since 2016, contaminant concentrations have decreased in products produced by manufacturers A, B, and C, while contaminant amounts in formulas from manufacturer D have slightly increased. 相似文献
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以"单糖+氯化钠+水"为模型进行热反应,研究3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol,3-MCPD)的形成机理和消长规律。结果表明,在"葡萄糖+氯化钠+水"模型反应中,反应温度对3-MCPD的形成影响最大,其次是氯化钠添加量、反应时间和葡萄糖添加量;在"单糖+氯化钠+水"模型中,6种单糖都生成了3-MCPD,其中核糖和氯化钠反应生成的3-MCPD量最大(30.604μg/kg),果糖生成的量最小(2.498 6μg/kg);在"葡萄糖+氯化钠+水"模型中,反应后生成的挥发性成分5-羟甲基糠醛含量最大,然后是糠醛和2,5-二甲酰基呋喃。根据实验结果探讨3-MCPD的形成机理,提出在单糖模型反应中缩水甘油可能是关键的中间体。 相似文献
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Occurrence of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol and its esters in coffee 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Marek Doležal Marta Chaloupská Veronika Divinová Blanka Svejkovská Jan Velišek 《European Food Research and Technology》2005,221(3-4):221-225
Fifteen coffee samples comprising green, roasted, decaffeinated and instant coffees were analysed for their content of free and bound 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD). Green coffees contained only traces of the free 3-MCPD. 3-MCPD in roasted coffees was found at the level of 10.1–18.5 µg/kg. The highest 3-MCPD level of 18.5 µg/kg was found in one instant coffee sample and in coffees with very long time application during roasting. The final colour of the roasted coffee beans was directly linked to the 3-MCPD formed, the darker beans having the greatest concentration, and arabica coffees contained lower 3-MCPD levels than robusta coffees. The level of bound 3-MCPD varied between 6 µg/kg (soluble coffees) and 390 µg/kg (decaffeinated coffee) and exceeded the free 3-MCPD level 8–33 times. Arabica coffees contained higher levels of the bound 3-MCPD than robusta coffees. The recognised precursors of 3-MCPD (salt, glycerol, lipids) were also determined and their influence on the formation of the free and bound 3-MCPD was discussed. 相似文献
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目的了解某品牌酱油对于其消费人群3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(3-MCPD)暴露水平的影响。方法采用国际上通用的检测方法 AOAC 2001.01测定哈尔滨市该品牌6种酱油的3-MCPD含量;2010—2011年以问卷调查的方式在哈尔滨市郊区某农合社区调查18~60岁社区居民1 352人,了解居民关于3-MCPD相关食品的膳食习惯以及该品牌酱油摄入的一般状况,筛选出经常食用该品牌酱油的居民,以酱油中3-MCPD的检测结果为依据计算居民食用酱油的3-MCPD暴露量。结果该社区存在经常食用该品牌酱油人群,被调查的1 352人,其中497人经常食用该品牌1种酱油,食用年限均在4年以上,居民对于酱油的3-MCPD摄入量范围为0.648~34.361μg/(kg bw.d)。结论该社区某品牌酱油的消费人群可能存在3-MCPD的高暴露风险。 相似文献