生物医用无Ni超弹性β钛形状记忆合金研究进展

概述了以TiNi合金和β钛合金为代表的生物医用金属材料的使用特性,包括生物相容性和生物力学适应性,介绍了形状记忆和超弹性TiNb基β钛合金医用材料的研究发展状况和最新进展,指出了生物医用钛合金应用技术的研究发展方向.开发不含Ni的低弹性模量、优异生物相容性和生物力学适应性的TiNb基形状记忆和超弹性β钛合金成为生物医用材料发展的一个重要方向.     

医用钛合金的生物相容性专利技术分析

医用钛合金是近年来医用金属材料的研究热点,而生物相容性的优劣是钛合金能否用于临床的关键,对医用钛合金在整个医疗行业中的应用至关重要。本文主要针对医用钛合金在生物相容性改善方面的专利申请情况进行统计,分别从技术手段、申请量、申请人及国际专利分类号（IPC）分类领域进行了分析。一,生物医用钛合金技术专利简况生物医用材料包括医用金属材料、无机非金属材料、有机聚合物材料及复合材料等,其中医用金属材料的应用最早也最为广泛。     

生物医用多孔钛及钛合金的研究进展

多孔钛和钛合金因具有优异的生物相容性、与人骨力学性能匹配良好、可作为植入物材料的优点,而引起了广泛关注。介绍了医用多孔钛及钛合金的产生背景,综述了近几年国内外对生物医用多孔钛及钛合金的制备方法、微结构特征与性能的关系、表面处理的研究进展,并展望了生物医用多孔材料的发展。     

生物医用型β型钛合金的设计与开发

介稳定β型钛合金具有低密度、高比强度、低模量、耐蚀、易加工且生物相容性优良等特点,已成为外科植入件优选的替代材料.本文重点介绍了用于人体硬组织修复与替代材料的介稳定β型生物医用钛合金的设计、熔炼、加工、热处理、显微组织以及表面改性等方面应注意的问题和最新研究进展,并指出了未来的研究发展方向.     

生物医用亚稳β钛合金的研究进展EI北大核心

钛及钛合金具有高比强度、低的弹性模量、无磁性以及优异的生物相容性和耐腐蚀性能等特点,被认为是理想的生物医用金属材料。以无毒性的Nb,Mo,Ta,Zr和Sn等作为主要合金化元素,并具有更低弹性模量的亚稳β型钛合金是新一代医用钛合金材料的重点发展方向。本文综述了生物医用钛合金的基本特性和发展概况,并以Ti-Nb基医用钛合金为例,介绍了新型亚稳β生物医用钛合金的成分设计方法、合金化原理、研究现状和制备技术。最后指出进一步降低弹性模量,提高强度、疲劳性能和功能特性等综合性能是生物医用β钛合金重点的发展方向,今后可以针对合金化元素的交互作用机理、合金成分设计与组织性能调控方法以及微观力学机制等问题开展深入研究。     

生物医用亚稳β钛合金的研究进展

钛及钛合金具有高比强度、低的弹性模量、无磁性以及优异的生物相容性和耐腐蚀性能等特点，被认为是理想的生物医用金属材料。以无毒性的Nb, Mo, Ta, Zr和Sn等作为主要合金化元素，并具有更低弹性模量的亚稳β型钛合金是新一代医用钛合金材料的重点发展方向。本文综述了生物医用钛合金的基本特性和发展概况，并以Ti-Nb基医用钛合金为例，介绍了新型亚稳β生物医用钛合金的成分设计方法、合金化原理、研究现状和制备技术。最后指出进一步降低弹性模量，提高强度、疲劳性能和功能特性等综合性能是生物医用β钛合金重点的发展方向，今后可以针对合金化元素的交互作用机理、合金成分设计与组织性能调控方法以及微观力学机制等问题开展深入研究。     

生物医用钛合金材料的研究、开发与应用

生物医用材料及制品是近30年来发展起来的一类技术附加值最高的高新技术产品,其作用药物不能替代。近10年来,生物材料和制品的世界市场增幅百分率一直保持在两位数左右,发展趋势可与汽车和信息产业相比,正在成长为世界经济的一个新的支柱性产业,而生物材料的研发已成为世界研究热点。钛合金是一种继不锈钢、钴铬合金和TiNi形状记忆合金之后可用于人体软、硬组织修复与替代较理想的外科植入物用首选材料,它先后经过了第一代材料纯钛(α型)和Ti6Al4V合金(α β型)和第二代无钒的α β型钛合金Ti6Al7Nb和Ti5Al2.5Fe以及以β型钛合金为主的第三代新型医用钛合金(如Ti-13Nb-13Zr)的发展历程,其出发点是寻找生物相容性更好(不含对人体有毒的元素)、与人体骨骼力学相容性更加匹配(降低弹性模量、减小对骨组织的“应力屏蔽“)且综合性能优良的钛合金材料。综述了国际上生物医用钛合金的研发历史和现状,重点介绍了国际上正在热点研究的新型β型医用钛合金材料的合金设计、加工制备及其组织与性能控制和在骨科与血管介入领域的应用现状,特别是介绍了我国自主开发的两种新型医用β型钛合金的研究及其相关医疗器械产品研制情况,最后指出了医疗器...     

医用钛合金骨移植材料的研究现状

纯钛及钛合金以其优异的生物相容性、抗腐蚀性及与骨相近的弹性模量,在医学领域中获得了越来越广泛的应用.综述了医用钛合金骨移植材料的发展现状,并从抗磨损、耐腐蚀及生物活性3方面阐述了钛及其合金的表面改性技术.     

钛合金在骨科植入领域的研究进展

钛合金具有良好的生物相容性,同时相比传统植入物金属材料有较低的弹性模量,在生物环境下具有良好的抗腐蚀性能,这些优异的性能使钛合金作为医用植入物材料备受青睐.钛及钛合金作为医用植入物材料在临床中得到广泛应用.在不同的临床应用过程中,植入物材料常因金属的降解、与骨的生长融合、抗菌等因素,而对材料本身的性能有着不同的要求.因此,制备具有优异综合性能的钛合金材料以满足临床需求是科研工作者当前面临的重要问题.本文系统介绍了医用钛合金材料的结构、性能特点及目前在骨科应用方向的研究现状,在未来研究中,将通过改变元素组成、增加表面改性、优化生产工艺等方式,使钛合金材料能够以优异的综合性能更好地服务于人类.     

生物医用钛合金材料发展现状及趋势

钛及钛合金材料因其优良的综合性能,在生物医用材料中占有越来越重要的地位。综述了生物医用钛及钛合金材料发展的3个历史阶段,重点评述了低弹性模量β型钛合金的研发现状,简单介绍了相关钛合金材料制品在医学临床中的实际应用,并分析了近年来表面改性、多孔材料、复合材料等生物医用钛合金材料发展的新趋势。     

生物医用钛合金发展和研究现状

概述了生物医用钛合金的发展历程,详细总结了以Ti6A l7Nb为代表的α+β型和单β型生物医用钛合金国内外研究现状,指出了当今生物医用钛合金研究所面临的问题和发展方向。     

生物医学钛合金的研究现状及发展趋势

本文在回顾生物医学钛合金发展历史的基础上 ,综述了国外近年来新开发的生物医学钛合金的组成及性能 ,提出了我国生物医学钛合金的发展方向。     

生物医用超弹性β型钛合金研究现状

新型β钛合金具有良好的耐磨性和力学性能、高抗腐蚀性以及优良的生物相容性,因而在生物医学领域得到了越来越广泛的应用.综述了钛合金的发展阶段及新型超弹性β钛合金的研究发展状况和最新进展,探讨了几种热处理工艺对钛合金超弹性的影响,介绍了几种钛合金表面改性方法,结合我国研究现状提出了新型超弹性β钛合金存在的问题,展望了其研究发展方向.     

Recent research and development in titanium alloys for biomedical applications and healthcare goods

Nb, Ta and Zr are the favorable non-toxic alloying elements for titanium alloys for biomedical applications. Low rigidity titanium alloys composed of non-toxic elements are getting much attention. The advantage of low rigidity titanium alloyfor the healing of bone fracture and the remodeling of bone is successfully proved by fracture model made in tibia of rabbit. Ni-free super elastic and shape memory titanium alloys for biomedical applications are energetically developed. Titanium alloys for not only implants, but also dental products like crowns, dentures, etc. are also getting much attention in dentistry. Development of investment materials suitable for titanium alloys with high melting point is desired in dental precision castings. Bioactive surface modifications of titanium alloys for biomedical applications are very important for achieving further developed biocompatibility. Low cost titanium alloys for healthcare goods, like general wheel chairs, etc.has been recently proposed.     

医用钛合金表面改性研究进展

钛合金作为人体硬组织替代物和修复物的首选材料在临床上得到广泛的应用.分析了目前医用钛合金存在的主要问题:生物活性、耐磨性和耐腐蚀性有待进一步提高,指出表面改性是改善上述问题的有效途径;综述了人体植入钛合金表面改性的研究进展,并展望了钛合金表面改性的发展趋势.     

A novel strategy for developing α+β dual-phase titanium alloys with low Young's modulus and high yield strength

In this study,a novel strategy for developing α+β dual-phase titanium alloys with low Young's modulus and high yield strength was proposed,and a Ti-15Nb-5Zr-4Sn-1Fe alloy was developed through theoret-ical composition design and microstructure manipulation.After hot-rolling and subsequent annealing,a high volume fraction of ultrafine grained α phase embedded in metastable β-matrix was formed in the microstructure as intended.Consequently,this alloy exhibits both low Young's modulus(61 GPa)and high yield strength(912 MPa).The experimental results prove that the proposed strategy is appropriate for developing titanium alloys with superior yield strength-to-modulus ratio than those of conven-tional metallic biomedical materials.Present study might shed light on the research and development of advanced biomedical titanium alloys with low Young's modulus and high yield strength.     

Mechanical properties and microstructures of new Ti–Fe–Ta and Ti–Fe–Ta–Zr system alloys

β-type titanium alloys consisting of non-toxic elements, Ti–8Fe–8Ta, Ti–8Fe–8Ta–4Zr, and Ti–10Fe–10Ta–4Zr, were newly designed and developed for biomedical applications. Changes in the mechanical properties of the designed alloys with various heat treatments were discussed on the basis of the resultant microstructures. In addition, the corrosion resistance of the designed alloys was evaluated by polarization testing in Hank's solution. Conventional biomedical titanium (cp-Ti) and the titanium alloy Ti–6Al–4V ELI were also polarized for comparison.The structural phase of the designed alloys, after cold rolling and solution treatment, was only the β phase. Ultimate tensile strength and elongation to fracture of Ti–8Fe–8Ta, Ti–8Fe–8Ta–4Zr, and Ti–10Fe–10Ta–4Zr after solution treatment were 1066 MPa and 10%, 1051 MPa and 10%, and 1092 MPa and 6%, respectively. Ti–8Fe–8Ta and Ti–8Fe–8Ta–4Zr have higher strength than those of conventional biomedical titanium alloys such as Ti–6Al–4V ELI, Ti–6Al–7Nb, and Ti–13Nb–13Zr. In particular, the elongations at failure of Ti–8Fe–8Ta and Ti–8Fe–8Ta–4Zr were equal to those of Ti–6Al–4V ELI and Ti–6Al–7Nb. The designed alloys and conventional biomedical titanium alloys were spontaneously passivated in Hank's solution. The current density of cp-Ti and Ti–6Al–4V ELI was increased at a potential above 2.5 V. On the other hand, the current density of the designed alloys abruptly increased at a potential above 3.5 V. The designed alloys have the advantage over cp-Ti and Ti–6Al–4V ELI in their high resistance to pitting corrosion in biological environments.Therefore, new β-type titanium alloys designed in this study, Ti–8Fe–8Ta and Ti–8Fe–8Ta–4Zr, are expected to have good properties as biomaterials.     

Designation and development of biomedical Ti alloys with finer biomechanical compatibility in long-term surgical implants

Developing the new titanium alloys with excellent biomechanical compatibility has been an important research direction of surgical implants materials. Present paper summarizes the international researches and developments of biomedical titanium alloys. Aiming at increasing the biomechanical compatibility, it also introduces the exploration and improvement of alloy designing, mechanical processing, microstructure and phase transformation, and finally outlines the directions for scientific research on the biomedical titanium alloys in the future.     

Fatigue behaviour of boron free and boron containing heat treated Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy for biomedical applications

Fatigue behaviour of heat treated Ti-13Zr-13Nb (TZN) and Ti-13Zr-13Nb-0.5B (TZNB) alloys for biomedical implants has been investigated by rotating bending test. It was found that fatigue strength of TZN and TZNB alloys is comparable with that of conventionally used biomedical titanium alloys. Addition of boron to TZN alloy deteriorates fatigue strength.     

医用多孔金属的制备及其生物活化研究进展

医用多孔金属材料,特别是多孔钛及钛合金能够提供与人体骨组织相匹配的力学性能,并促进骨组织长入以提高其与骨的固定度,在人体硬组织修复与替换方面具有广泛的应用前景。重点围绕多孔钛及钛合金的制备方法及适用于其复杂孔隙结构的表面生物活化方法,综述了各种方法在多孔钛及钛合金上的应用现状。目前适用于多孔钛及钛合金制备的技术主要有粉末冶金法、钛纤维烧结法、自蔓延高温合成法、选区电子束熔化技术和选区激光熔化技术,适用于多孔钛及钛合金表面生物活化的技术主要有溶胶凝胶法、仿生矿化法、电化学沉积法和微弧氧化法。多孔钛及钛合金的力学相容性和表面生物活性需要同时满足临床要求,才能进一步扩大其在医学领域的应用范围。