一种新的电压调整器试验方法

1 前言 电压调整器的作用是保证辅助发电机输出电压的稳定.为了满足实际运用的要求,使电压调整器以最佳的性能状态装车使用,需要用相关的试验设备(例如电压调整器试验台)来检测.     

Design of a novel battery voltage regulator for photovoltaic systems

The battery voltage regulator (BVR) circuit is designed to protect the battery against heavy discharge and overcharge conditions, thus prolonging the battery lifetime. Conventional BVRs are designed to disconnect the load from the battery when the battery state of charge (SOC) drops below a specified value so that heavy discharge is prevented. Alternatively, when the SOC exceeds a certain value, the photovoltaic (PV) array is disconnected from the battery to avoid overcharging (and consequent gas formation) of the battery. However, disconnection of the PV array when the battery is fully charged results in a loss of part of the available array power.The novel BVR described in this paper is designed to prevent such power loss from the PV array when the battery is fully charged. Instead of disconnection of the PV array, there is disconnection of the battery, and the load is directly connected to the PV array through a chopper circuit which ensures operation at maximum power or constant voltage according to load requirements. The importance of the novel BVR increases when the battery storage size is relatively small, and the frequency of disconnection of the PV array increases during the summer season.     

Analysis and design of STATCOM-based voltage regulator for self-excited induction generators

This paper deals with the design of static compensator (STATCOM)-based voltage regulator for self-excited induction generators (SEIGs). SEIG has poor voltage regulation and it requires adjustable reactive power source with varying load to maintain constant terminal voltage. The required reactive power can be provided by a STATCOM consisting of ac inductors, a dc bus capacitor, and solid-state self-commutating devices. Selection and ratings of these components are quite important for design and control of STATCOM to regulate the terminal voltage of SEIG. The analysis, design, and selection of these STATCOM components are presented for five different rating machines to operate at varying power factor loads. Two criteria (full and reduced rating of STATCOM) are considered while designing STATCOM-SEIG systems.     

Design and demonstration of a microcomputer controller for anindustrial sized DC motor

A method of designing a three-phase fully-controlled thyristor-DC motor drive system with speed and/or current closed-loop control is presented. Both the circuit design and the control algorithm of a continuous (analog) controller or a digital controller design are studied. The effectiveness of the design method is well verified by extensive experiments. The dynamics of the system reasonably confirm the theoretical analysis. In addition, the goal of multiple operating modes of the thyristor converter is also achieved. It is shown that both good performance and good flexibility with online calculation can be obtained by using a low-cost microcomputer. The parts cost of the microcomputer-based controller is still a little higher than the continuous controller, but the trend is towards lower costs of microcomputers. The main advantages of the digital controller are its versatility and flexibility     

A self-tuning stabiliser for excitation or governor control ofpower systems

A method based on the minimization of a quadratic performance index, is proposed for designing a self-tuning power system stabilizer. In the method, a linear model for stabilizer design is chosen, and a conventional performance index is so modified that, upon minimization, the optimal control law possesses an additional derivative term not found in the conventional control law. The method utilizes the recursive least-squares algorithm for estimating the model parameters. Consequently, the stabilizer is self-tuning and is suitable for further stability enhancement of power systems. Simulation results show that the damping characteristics of a power system can be enhanced when the stabilizer is applied the excitation or governor loop     

高性能电弧炉电极调节控制系统

本文介绍了电弧炉微机控制变频调速电极自动控制系统，阐述了该系统特点、结构和控制原则。     

Modelling,simulation and control of a fuel cell-powered laptop computer voltage regulator module

An air-breathing fuel cell was investigated as an alternate power source for a laptop computer application. An empirical model was developed to include the phenomena of activation and ohmic polarisation as well as mass transport effects in order to simulate the behaviour of an air-breathing fuel cell. The model was used as the input source for a quadratic buck converter, which is used to power the central processing unit (CPU) core at 1 V. To achieve tight voltage regulation and good dynamic performance, the quadratic buck converter was implemented with average current mode control. The quadratic buck converter hardware setup has been developed with a fabricated fuel cell module in order to validate the model of the air-breathing fuel cell as well as the voltage regulator module.     

Adaptive self-tuning MTPA vector controller for IPMSM drive system

This paper presents an adaptive self-tuning maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) vector controller for an interior permanent-magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive system. The control scheme consists of a synchronous frame decoupling current controller, MTPA torque controller, and adaptive parameter estimator. The estimator is applied to the q-axis current dynamics as the d-axis inductance can be assumed to be constant without loss of accuracy. Since the q-axis current dynamics is being disturbed by the magnet's back-EMF voltage, the proposed estimator is combined with a robust active-state decoupling scheme to ensure unbiased parameter estimate. The robust decoupling scheme is realized by estimating the magnet's flux linkage by a simple adaptation algorithm based on the steepest descent method. The system's model is greatly simplified when the robust decoupling scheme is combined with the q-axis current dynamics. Relying on the simplified model, a natural adaptive observer is used to estimate the q-axis current. Unknown motor parameters are estimated by minimizing the state estimation error using an iterative gradient algorithm offered by the affine projection. The estimated parameters are used for the self-tuning control. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the validity and usefulness of the online parameter estimation and control loop tuning technique.     

交流辅助发电机励磁调节器的设计

给出NJ1型交流传动内燃机车辅助发电机励磁调节器主电路及控制电路主要元器件的选择及确定.该调节器采用了新型电力半导体器件IPM.     

一种实用的深井供水自动控制器

本文介绍了一种特别适用于乡村深井供水，能实现完全自动化的探讨设备。     

Design of a battery voltage regulator based on maximum power point tracking and charge equalisation concepts

This paper deals with loss of photovoltaic energy due to mismatch between PV array and battery-bank, and difference in equalisation of charge between cells of battery-bank. These are the two major problems that affect the performance and life of PV system. From I-V characteristics of PV modules and the charging-discharging characteristic of the battery-bank it is shown that in contrary to general assumptions and practices the maximum power point tracker is still relevant, even for a PV system integrated with battery-bank. From charging and discharging cycles of the battery-bank, it was observed that there is a need of charge equalisation among different battery-cells. For overcoming the above limitations a battery voltage regulator (BVR) has been designed to utilise the maximum available PV energy and also to provide charge equalisation to different battery cells. This BVR is based on multiple output switch mode design. The control function is based on analog positive feedback control for pulse width modulation. The BVR has been fabricated and tested. The increase in utilisation of available solar power lies between 5% to 10%.     

双馈风电机组的高电压穿越控制策略

分析了广义电网电压骤升(含对称、不对称骤升)故障下双馈风电机组电磁暂态过渡过程,评估了影响机组高电压穿越运行的关键因素,并梳理了电压骤升、骤降故障诱发双馈机组脱网机理的异同。提出了一种基于瞬态灭磁控制和无功电流支持的双馈机组高电压穿越控制方案。仿真和实验结果表明,所述方案能够显著加快故障电网条件下双馈感应电机定子磁链中直流、负序分量的衰减,进而快速抑制机组电磁转矩和母线电压的波动;同时能够满足并网规范对机组无功电流输出的要求,实现机组的故障穿越运行。     

A line outage study for prediction of static voltage collapse

A simple but useful technique is proposed to study steady-state line outage and hence voltage collapse of the system. Voltage collapse prediction can be performed through the study of line outages, though techniques for nodal-based prediction or critical-node identification are frequently proposed. Experimentally, it was proven that both line outage and system voltage collapse take place simultaneously. In fact, line outages can be treated as the secondary cause of voltage collapse. A scalar index called line-stability index for each line is calculated based on the power flow through the line. The line-stability index may have a value that varies from zero (no power flows through the line) to one (maximum power flows through the line). Any line exceeding the maximum limit of stability index (1.00) can cause system-wide voltage collapse. The proposed technique is tested on a six-bus standard test system, and encouraging results are observed. The results obtained indicate that the technique has the potential to be used as a tool for system monitoring and future load planning     

一种配电网的实用谐波电压计算方法研究

分布光伏接入配电网既可以满足用户定制电能的需求、提高用户用电可靠性,又可以节省配电网扩容成本。与此同时,通过电力电子设备接入的分布式光伏也为配电网的电能质量带来新的影响。文章分析了分布式光伏的谐波特性,在此基础上提出了含分布式光伏的配电网模型,通过此模型分析了含分布式光伏的配电网的谐波电压分布。     

Thyristor-controlled voltage regulators for critical inductionmotor loads during voltage disturbances

The transient stability of a critical induction machine load group during momentary as well as continuing voltage sags can be enhanced by using a fast-response voltage regulator in the form of a static VAr compensator (SVC) or a thyristor controlled tap changer (CTC). A procedure is presented for determining the minimum SVC rating or CTC off-nominal turn ratio including control of the SVC admittances or CTC taps to meet dynamic and steady-state specifications. The limitations of their effectiveness to preserve operation continuity are also shown     

A recommended approach for calculating degraded voltage relaysetpoints for nuclear generating stations

Determining the proper setpoint for degraded voltage relays in nuclear generating stations is a complex task which requires a complete understanding of the Class 1E power distribution system. Despite the importance of degraded voltage relay setpoint calculations, most of the available references only give clues on how not set these relays rather than provide guidance on how to determine the appropriate setpoint. This paper presents an approach for performing these calculations which attempts to ensure that all of the relevant design issues are addressed     

Three-state regulator for electrochromic windows

Electrochromic (EC) windows enable to change their optical transmittance by applying appropriate electrical signals to the window structure. In many applications, such as “smart” EC buildings’ windows is required, an automatic control of the window's transmittance, in order to assure a constant level of transmitted daylight for different outdoors’ illuminations. For this purpose we develop an analogue three-state electronic regulator which controls an “all sol–gel” EC device intensity of transmitted light on a constant pre-selected level. In this paper, first of all, the structure and the performances of an all sol–gel EC window is given. Then the electrical schematic of the regulator is represented and explained in detail. The performances of the regulator are demonstrated by electrical and optical measurements. At the end a demonstrational application—EC sun-glasses with an accompanying handy regulator—is presented.     

考虑电压稳定裕度的机组组合新方法

介绍了通过采用基于时段的优化算法求解考虑电压稳定裕度约束的机组组合,校验各时段的电压稳定裕度,并根据机组耗量优先级增减机组,使其满足相应的约束,针对该算法在处理爬坡约束上的缺陷提出了一种快速简便的修正方法。最后,采用IEEE 30节点算例论证上述方法的可行性和合理性。