自适应动态峰值剪切直方图均衡化

传统的直方图均衡化算法在增强图像的同时可能会引入一些视觉退化效应,如一些图像的部分区域出现过度增强。为了克服这个缺点,已有一些灰度均值保持算法,但是这些算法并不能很好地保持图像处理前后灰度均值的稳定性。提出了一种自适应动态峰值剪切直方图均衡化算法：使用滤波器对原图像的直方图进行滤波操作,并且根据图像的信息来确定分割区间及区间数目;对分割的区间进行重新映射;对区间的直方图进行剪切操作,然后分别地进行均衡化处理,并对处理后的图像进行灰度归一化操作。实验结果表明,该算法可以很好地在保持原图像均值的前提下实现图像增强。     

Adaptive height-modified histogram equalization and chroma correction in YCbCr color space for fast backlight image compensation

Automatic exposure controls in commercially available cameras often encounter difficulties in capturing scenes with backlight luminance which dominates the entire image. An Adaptive Height-Modified Histogram Equalization (AHMHE) algorithm is proposed as a compensation technique for backlight images. It simultaneously enhances contrast in both the dark and the bright areas without creating regions of degraded local contrast. Moreover AHMHE is an adaptive algorithm: thus it requires minimal user input, and its reduced computational requirement makes it suitable for real-time application. In addition to AHMHE, a chroma correction technique was applied to chroma components in the YCbCr color space to produce more vivid color images. A series of subjective and index evaluations were conducted to measure the resultant image quality improvements by the AHMHE and the chroma correction algorithms.     

Novel mean-shift based histogram equalization using textured regions

This paper presents a novel mean-shift based histogram equalization method called the MSHE method. The key insight of the proposed MSHE method is that the basis of histogram equalization could be based on textured regions in an image, while impact of smoother regions should be suppressed. Using a mean-shift based approach, the sets of textured regions in an image are determined by finding regions which have a high density of edge concentration. In addition, a new cost function is presented to balance the image quality and contrast enhancement effect for search termination in the proposed algorithm. Based on three typical test images, experimental results show that our proposed MSHE method is quite competitive with the previous eleven methods, such as the HE, BBHE, DSIHE, POHE, RSWHE, DHE, BPDHE, SRHE, GHE, FHE, and THShap.     

Image contrast enhancement using fuzzy clustering with adaptive cluster parameter and sub-histogram equalization

Histogram equalization is an effective technique to boost image quality and contrast enhancement. However, in some cases the increase in image contrast by traditional histogram equalization exceeds the desired amount Which damages the image properties and wanes its natural look. Histogram division and performing a separate equalization for each sub-histogram is one of the presented solutions. The dividing method and determining the number of sub-histograms are the main problems directly affecting the output image quality. In this study, a method is introduced for automatic determination of the number of sub-histograms and density based histogram division leading to appropriate output with no need for parameter setting. Each main peak is in a separate section. Image contrast is increased with no loss of image specifications through determining the number of sub-histograms based on the number of main peaks. The introduced histogram equalization approach consists of three stages. The first stage, using histogram analysis, produces an automated estimate of number of clusters for image brightness levels. The second, clusters the image brightness levels, and using the provided transfer function, the final stage includes contrast enhancement for each individual cluster separately. The results of the proposed approach demonstrate not only clearer details along with a boost in contrast, but also noticeably more natural appearance in the images.     

Contrast enhancement for cephalometric images using wavelet-based modified adaptive histogram equalization

Cephalometric images usually have low contrast. The existing techniques for automatic cephalometric analysis usually use histogram equalization for image enhancement. This technique has the advantage of being fully automatic and nonlinear. However, it suffers from spikes, excessive enhancement, and lack of brightness preservation. The proposed technique is an adaptive histogram equalization technique that uses wavelet based gradient histograms. This paper compares its performance with two traditional techniques, three histogram modification based techniques, and two wavelet based techniques. Forty digital and scanned cephalograms are used to conduct tests. In addition to visual histograms and intensity profiles, the proposed method is compared in terms of eight quantitative measures. The various measures are applied to analyze the results in terms of contrast enhancement (EME, CNR), brightness preservation (AMBE), edge conservation and enhancement (H, TEN), preservation of image structures and non-addition distortion (MSSIM, SVD-M). The proposed method gives good contrast enhancement, with better brightness preservation without losing edge information and with the minimum addition of distortions to the enhanced cephalometric images.     

Contrast enhancement and brightness preserving of digital mammograms using fuzzy clipped contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization algorithm

A novel fuzzy logic and histogram based algorithm called Fuzzy Clipped Contrast-Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (FC-CLAHE) algorithm is proposed for enhancing the local contrast of digital mammograms. A digital mammographic image uses a narrow range of gray levels. The contrast of a mammographic image distinguishes its diagnostic features such as masses and micro calcifications from one another with respect to the surrounding breast tissues. Thus, contrast enhancement and brightness preserving of digital mammograms is very important for early detection and further diagnosis of breast cancer. The limitation of existing contrast enhancement and brightness preserving techniques for enhancing digital mammograms is that they limit the amplification of contrast by clipping the histogram at a predefined clip-limit. This clip-limit is crisp and invariant to mammogram data. This causes all the pixels inside the window region of the mammogram to be equally affected. Hence these algorithms are not very suitable for real time diagnosis of breast cancer. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy logic and histogram based clipping algorithm called Fuzzy Clipped Contrast-Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (FC-CLAHE) algorithm, which automates the selection of the clip-limit that is relevant to the mammogram and enhances the local contrast of digital mammograms. The fuzzy inference system designed to automate the selection of clip-limit requires a limited number of control parameters. The fuzzy rules are developed to make the clip limit flexible and variant to mammogram data without human intervention. Experiments are conducted using the 322 digital mammograms extracted from MIAS database. The performance of the proposed technique is compared with various histogram equalization methods based on image quality measurement tools such as Contrast Improvement Index (CII), Discrete Entropy (DE), Absolute Mean Brightness Coefficient (AMBC) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR). Experimental results show that the proposed FC-CLAHE algorithm produces better results than several state-of-art algorithms.     

基于双直方图均衡的自适应图像增强算法

基于双直方图均衡算法,提出一种自适应图像增强算法。该算法综合考虑图像的熵及输入输出图像的亮度均值差,自适应地选择合适的阈值将图像分割成2个子图进行双直方图均衡和灰度均匀化处理,使得输出图像的亮度均值和原图接近的同时输出图像的熵尽可能大,并避免了过增强现象的出现。实验结果证明,该处理方法能取得较好的增强效果。     

Segment dependent dynamic multi-histogram equalization for image contrast enhancement

Histogram equalization (HE) method proved to be a simple and most effective technique for contrast enhancement of digital images. However it does not preserve the brightness and natural appearance of the images, which is a major drawback. To overcome this limitation, several Bi- and Multi-HE methods have been proposed. Although the Bi-HE methods significantly enhance the contrast and may preserve the brightness, the natural appearance of the images is not preserved as these methods suffer with the problem of intensity saturation. While Multi-HE methods are proposed to further maintain the brightness and natural appearance of images, but at the cost of contrast enhancement. In this paper, two novel Multi-HE methods for contrast enhancement of natural images, while preserving the brightness and natural appearance of the images, have been proposed. The technique involves decomposing the histogram of an input image into multiple segments based on mean or median values as thresholds. The narrow range segments are identified and are allocated full dynamic range before applying HE to each segment independently. Finally the combined equalized histogram is normalized to avoid the saturation of intensities and un-even distribution of bins. Simulation results show that, for the variety of test images (120 images) the proposed method enhances contrast while preserving brightness and natural appearance and outperforms contemporary methods both qualitatively and quantitatively. The statistical consistency of results has also been verified through ANOVA statistical tool.     

一种非线性变换的双直方图红外图像增强方法

红外图像具有噪声大、对比度低等特点,红外图像增强是红外探测、识别和跟踪应用中的核心问题之一。在红外图像增强技术中,直方图均衡方法简单、有效,但存在细节信息损失较大的缺陷。提出一种对红外图像采用非线性变换分段直方图的增强方法,该方法对红外图像进行非线性变换,提高较暗区域的像素亮度,根据前背景区域特征将直方图分成两段,进行双直方图均衡化处理,对前景和背景分别进行图像的增强。经过实验验证,该算法能有效提高图像亮度,扩大目标区的灰度范围,增强前景图像的细节部分。     

保持图像细节的直方图均衡算法

对常规的直方图均衡算法进行了改进,避免了不同灰度的像素均衡后被合并、图像细节丢失等现象.实验结果表明,改进的直方图均衡新算法既能充分增强图像的对比度,又能保持图像的局部细节,使图像具有更加自然的视觉效果.     

基于小波分频和二次均衡的图像增强算法

传统的图像增强算法在增强图像的同时也增强了图像的噪声信号,导致信息熵下降.结合小波变换多尺度、多分辨率的特点和直方图均衡的优势,提出一种基于小波分频和二次均衡的高亮度图像增强算法.首先利用小波变换将图像分解为低频分量和高频分量,然后仅对低频分量作直方图均衡处理,再由均衡后的低频分量与各高频分量进行小波重构,最后对重构的图像再次进行直方图均衡处理.实验结果表明,该算法对于亮度较高的灰度图像有较好的增强效果.     

保持图像亮度的改进双直方图均衡算法

基于能保持亮度的双直方图均衡算法,提出了一种改进方法。根据输出图像的熵和输入输出图像的亮度均值差,选择合适的阈值将图像分割成两个子图,分别进行均衡和灰度均匀化处理,使得输出图像的亮度均值和原图接近的同时输出图像的熵尽可能大,并避免了过增强现象的出现。实验结果证明该处理方法能取得较好的增强效果。     

基于小波变换的图像增强算法研究

针对图像对比度低、成像质量差的问题,提出一种基于小波变换的直方图均衡算法,用于图像对比度增强.首先对图像作直方图均衡,然后通过对小波变换的一级或二级近似系数的非线性增强处理.实验结果证明,处理后的图像细节清晰可辨,边界信息也得到了保留,由此认为小波变换对改善图像的质量是有效的.     

一种直接直方图修正方法

本文提出了的方法通过将直方图均衡作为直方图规定的特例考虑,既可实现直方图均衡又可实现直方图规定,从而实现了这２种方法的统一,而且直方图规定的结果好于文献「１」方法。     

Environmental robust speech and speaker recognition through multi-channel histogram equalization

Feature statistics normalization in the cepstral domain is one of the most performing approaches for robust automaticspeech and speaker recognition in noisy acoustic scenarios: feature coefficients are normalized by using suitable linear or nonlinear transformations in order to match the noisy speech statistics to the clean speech one. Histogram equalization (HEQ) belongs to such a category of algorithms and has proved to be effective on purpose and therefore taken here as reference.In this paper the presence of multi-channel acoustic channels is used to enhance the statistics modeling capabilities of the HEQ algorithm, by exploiting the availability of multiple noisy speech occurrences, with the aim of maximizing the effectiveness of the cepstra normalization process. Computer simulations based on the Aurora 2 database in speech and speaker recognition scenarios have shown that a significant recognition improvement with respect to the single-channel counterpart and other multi-channel techniques can be achieved confirming the effectiveness of the idea. The proposed algorithmic configuration has also been combined with the kernel estimation technique in order to further improve the speech recognition performances.     

基于MSR的雾天图像清晰化算法研究

研究雾天图像清晰化的问题,需提高图像增强的均匀性。针对雾天情况下,由于雾气的遮挡使得拍摄图像对比度降低,图像局部细节处不清晰,传统的直方图均衡化的雾天图像清晰化方法虽然能够增强图像对比度,但是图像局部细节增强不足,造成图像增强均匀性不高的问题。提出一种MSR的雾天图像清晰化算法,通过Sigmoid函数对图像作映射,拉伸图像的对比度,然后利用MSR算法,将图像小波分解为高频分量和低频分量,对高频分量取绝对值最大运算,低频分量加权平均,并避免了对图像进行全局直方图均衡化造成的图像增强不均匀,局部细节增强不足的问题。实验证明,提出的算法能够将雾天图像均匀增强,得到高清晰的图像,取得了满意的效果。     

一种夜视图象处理的新算法

增强是夜视图象处理的一种重要方法,而直方图均衡是最经典的图象信息增强算法之一,但将它直接应用于夜视图象处理有如下缺点：（１）丢失原始图象的亮度信息;（２）处理过程中有简井现象发生,该文结合夜视图象的特点,提出了一种保持亮度和克服简并的算法,即采用不同灰度区间分别均衡,并且采用设定最小灰度间职和最大拉伸系数的均衡函数的方法,从一定程度上克服了上述缺点。     

基于对比度受限自适应直方图均衡的乳腺图像增强

采用对比度受限自适应直方图均衡对乳腺图像进行增强,有效地增强了乳腺图像中的细节,如钙化点、乳导管等组织;并通过对算法中相关参数研究,得到应用于乳腺图像增强的参数优选值,以求获得较好的增强效果,为医师分析影像提供方便。通过与灰度直方图均衡的结果进行比较得出：对比度受限自适应直方图均衡为乳腺数字图像增强的有效方法,在计算机辅助乳腺诊断方面有较高应用价值。     

薄雾条件下退化图像的直方图均衡模型

传统灰度图像直方图均衡模型在处理薄雾条件下的降质图像时,会出现概率较低的灰度级合并,总的灰度级有所损失问题,因此导致图像细节丢失,灰度分辨率下降,针对这一问题提出了改进的灰度图像直方图均衡模型,采取去除原始图像实际没有占有的灰度级,只对不为0的灰度级进行直方图均衡,从而保证总的灰度级数不减少,可以在一定程度上解决灰度级保持的问题。实验表明该直方图均衡模型可以对薄雾条件下降质图像处理取得较好的增强效果。     

基于直方图均衡化的手背静脉图像对比度增强

手背静脉图像对比度往往较低,这将影响整个手背静脉识别系统的识别准确率。首先提取手背静脉图像中的有效区域,然后利用直方图均衡化 (HE) 及其各种改进算法对提取的手背静脉图像进行对比度增强处理。实验结果表明,子块部分重叠局部直方图均衡化算法（POSHE）不但能够增强图像的整体对比度,而且图像中细节与背景之间的对比度也得到了增强,同时该算法效率较高,适合于手背静脉图像的对比度增强处理。