不平衡电网中三相脉冲调宽整流器的控制

在常规的三相整流器控制器设计中,一般均假设三相电网电压平衡,然而当实际电网不平衡时,传统双闭环控制策略将使直流侧出现严重的二次谐波功率从而严重影响整流器输出品质.鉴于此,本文在分析PWM整流器数学模型和电网不平衡条件的基础上,电压外环采用模糊PI控制,提高直流侧电压动态响应速度,电流内环采用无需进行正负序分解的正、负序电流独立控制策略,实现了不平衡电网下对三相PWM整流器的双闭环控制.仿真结果表明:所设计的控制方法保证了在不平衡条件下直流侧电压快速地稳定,有效抑制了直流侧二次谐波,提高了整流器的运行性能.     

Vienna整流器模型预测直接功率控制研究

针对Vienna整流器非线性系统,提出了内环采用模型预测直接功率控制(MPDPC),外环采用滑模变结构控制(SMVSC)的双闭环控制策略。首先建立其数学模型,求出整流器输入功率和中点电位偏差的预测值,然后通过外环求得系统有功功率和无功功率的给定值;最后输出使系统评价函数最小的开关组合,达到对系统有功功率、无功功率和中点电位的快速准确控制,实现Vienna整流器的单位功率因数控制、直流电压稳定输出以及中点电位平衡。仿真和实验结果表明了所提方案的有效性和可行性。     

Design of intelligent power controller for DC–DC converters using CMAC neural network

DC–DC converters are the devices which can convert a certain electrical voltage to another level of electrical voltage. They are very popularly used because of the high efficiency and small size. This paper proposes an intelligent power controller for the DC–DC converters via cerebella model articulation controller (CMAC) neural network approach. The proposed intelligent power controller is composed of a CMAC neural controller and a robust controller. The CMAC neural controller uses a CMAC neural network to online mimic an ideal controller, and the robust controller is designed to achieve L ₂ tracking performance with desired attenuation level. Finally, a comparison among a PI control, adaptive neural control and the proposed intelligent power control is made. The experimental results are provided to demonstrate the proposed intelligent power controller can cope with the input voltage and load resistance variations to ensure the stability while providing fast transient response and simple computation.     

Online Learning Control for Harmonics Reduction Based on Current Controlled Voltage Source Power Inverters

Nonlinear loads in the power distribution system cause non-sinusoidal currents and voltages with harmonic components. Shunt active filters (SAF) with current controlled voltage source inverters (CCVSI) are usually used to obtain balanced and sinusoidal source currents by injecting compensation currents. However, CCVSI with traditional controllers have a limited transient and steady state performance. In this paper, we propose an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) controller with online learning capability to improve transient response and harmonics. The proposed controller works alongside existing proportional integral (PI) controllers to efficiently track the reference currents in the d -q domain. It can generate adaptive control actions to compensate the PI controller. The proposed system was simulated under different nonlinear (three-phase full wave rectifier) load conditions. The performance of the proposed approach was compared with the traditional approach. We have also included the simulation results without connecting the traditional PI control based power inverter for reference comparison. The online learning based ADP controller not only reduced average total harmonic distortion by 18.41 %, but also outperformed traditional PI controllers during transients.      

Development of a Fuzzy Rule-Based Multi-Objective Hybrid Controller for Static Synchronous Compensator

Static synchronous compensator (Statcom) is a powerful new device for power systems, which can be used for various purposes. The multi-objective demands are quite different in nature, e.g. continuous linear control for voltage maintaining, and discrete bang-bang control for oscillation damping. Unfortunately, they often conflict with each other. In this respect, a supplementary damping control together with an independent voltage control is normally used. However, inevitable small disturbance and uncertainties will cause problems in the coordination of the two functions. To overcome such difficulties, a fuzzy rule-based hybrid controller is proposed in this paper, which incorporates conventional linear voltage control along with the fuzzy rule-based supplementary power damping control to form a unified global controller for Statcom. Because only simple fuzzy rules and a few input signals are involved, it is very easy to implement in a practical power system. The simulation performed on a Single- Machine-Infinite-Bus (SMIB) power system and an actual large power system demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

一种基于规则和学习算法设计的电力系统智能PID控制器

提出了一种基于规则和学习算法设计的电力系统智能ＰＩＤ控制器的设计方法。通过对固定参数电力系统ＰＩＤ控制器性能的研究，验证并获得了一些关于电力系统电压和稳定性控制协调与鲁棒性的结论。在此基础上，研制出一种智能ＰＩＤ控制器，它由基于规则的开关控制和基于学习控制的算法组成。在单机无穷大电力系统中应用的非线性仿真表明，这种智能ＰＩＤ控制器满足电力系统电压和稳定性协调控制的要求，且具有较强的鲁棒性。     

Intelligent-controlled doubly fed induction generator system using PFNN

An intelligent-controlled doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) system using probabilistic fuzzy neural network (PFNN) is proposed in this study. This system can be applied as a stand-alone power supply system or as the emergency power system when the electricity grid fails for all sub-synchronous, synchronous, and super-synchronous conditions. The rotor side converter is controlled using the field-oriented control to produce three-phase stator voltages with constant magnitude and frequency at different rotor speeds. Moreover, the grid side converter, which is also controlled using field-oriented control, is primarily implemented to maintain the magnitude of the DC-link voltage. Furthermore, an intelligent PFNN controller is proposed for both the rotor and grid side converters to improve the transient and steady-state responses of the DFIG system at different operating conditions. The network structure, online learning algorithm, and convergence analyses of the PFNN are introduced in detail. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed control scheme is verified using some experimental results.     

三相四线APF直流侧的T-S模糊均压控制

电容分裂中点式三相四线有源电力滤波器（APF）是解决三相四线电力系统谐波治理的有效方法,由于直流侧两组电容电压需要单独控制,增加了均压控制难度并直接影响补偿的效果。分析了该APF的电路拓扑,采用T-S模糊控制的方法对电容分裂中点式三相四线APF的直流侧均压控制进行建模,将直流侧两组电容电压分别作为输入前件变量,对电源电流实施反馈控制。设计的T-S模糊反馈控制器使APF直流侧两组电容电压实现自动均压,满足了APF对负载谐波的补偿控制要求。仿真及实验结果验证了所建立T-S模糊均压控制模型的有效性,APF直流侧两组电容的电压保持均衡,具有较高的稳态精度和良好的动态性能。     

PWM整流器的无源滑模非线性控制

为提高三相电压型PWM (pulse width modulation)整流器的稳态与动态控制性能,提出了无源滑模非线性控制方案.基于PWM整流器欧拉-拉格朗口系统动力学模型,分析了系统内在无源特性.从全局能量角度出发,利用系统无源性,通过能量成形与阻尼注入方法,给出了PWM整流器的辅助设计系统.设计了滑模变结构电流内环控制器与PI(proportional-integral)电压外环控制器,同时采用基于饱和函数的准滑模控制方法解决了控制力的抖动问题.仿真实验结果表明,所提控制方法可实现三相电压型PWM整流器的单位功率因数控制与直流电压快速调节,同时具有很强的抗电网电压和负载扰动能力以及对于参数摄动的鲁棒性.     

基于模糊分数阶PIλDμ控制的AC/DC变换器

作为AC/DC电力变换装置的核心,控制系统控制效果的好坏直接影响电压输出波形的质量.为了进一步提高AC/DC电力变换装置的控制性能,增强系统的鲁棒性和稳态性,提出一种模糊控制与分数阶PIλ Dμ控制相结合的复合控制策略,并将其用于十二脉波整流电路的控制系统中.采用模糊控制器可以很好地实现对控制参数的自适应调整,分数阶PIλDμ控制器在非线性系统的控制过程中能够取得比整数阶PID控制器更好的控制效果.仿真和实验结果表明,改进后的控制器具有较强的灵活性和鲁棒性,稳态性和自适应能力得到增强,适用于非线性时变系统.     

智能型太阳能路灯控制器的研究

针对传统太阳能路灯控制器控制精度不高、抗干扰能力差和成本昂贵等问题,研制了一种智能型太阳能路灯控制器;以DSP芯片为控制核心,结合基于模糊神经网络的MPPT最大功率跟踪算法思想,采用Cuk升降压电路控制实现最大效率地对蓄电池充电,最大输出功率60W;近端/远程上位机监控采用Labview软件编写,实现了近端/远程的太阳能路灯监控,定时记录路灯的监控数据;仿真和实验结果证明该控制器能量转换效率高,实用性强,对进一步推广绿色能源具有重要的实际意义。     

Fuzzy‐Neuron Intelligent Coordination Control Fora Unit Power Plant

A novel fuzzy‐neuron intelligent coordination control method for a unit power plant is proposed in this paper. Based on the complementarity between a fuzzy controller and a neuron model‐free controller, a fuzzy‐neuron compound control method for Single‐In‐Single‐Out (SISO) systems is presented to enhance the robustness and precision of the control system. In this new intelligent control system, the fuzzy logic controller is used to speed up the transient response, and the adaptive neuron controller is used to eliminate the steady state error of the system. For the multivariable control system, the multivariable controlled plant is decoupled statically, and then the fuzzy‐neuron intelligent controller is used in each input‐output path of the decoupled plant. To the complex unit power plant, the structure of this new intelligent coordination controller is very simple and the simulation test results show that good performances such as strong robustness and adaptability, etc. are obtained. One of the outstanding advantages is that the proposed method can separate the controller design procedure and control signals from the plant model. It can be used in practice very conveniently.     

级联式STATCOM解耦控制策略

在级联式H桥多电平的静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)控制系统中,由于耦合效应,三相总直流侧电压控制和单个电容电压平衡控制之间会产生影响,不利于平衡控制问题的解决。针对该问题推导出解耦的条件,提出在解耦情况下的平衡控制策略。在实现无功补偿的同时,解决各H桥直流电容电压动态的平衡。搭建十三电平级联H桥STATCOM的仿真模型和七电平实验平台,仿真、实验结果说明该控制策略对无功补偿具有良好的补偿性能,且直流侧电容电压在控制范围内稳定波动,验证了控制策略的可行性。     

SVG的一种控制策略研究

论文分析了SVG传统控制方法的局限性,研究了闭环动态无功功率控制以及功率单元直流电压平衡控制的新策略。基于功率单元的数学模型和瞬时无功功率理论,论文将参考电流信号直接变换为电压参考信号,省去了传统双闭环控制中的电流-电压转换器。另外,利用在参考电压矢量中叠加一个与输出电流矢量平行的有功电压矢量用来控制功率单元的直流电压平衡。仿真模型参数为 SN ＝±4MVar、UN ＝10kV ,N＝12,Y 连接。仿真结果证明,论文的方法能在突加额定负载下实现SVG从感性无功功率变换到容性无功功率（或反之）的稳定输出,同时即使在过渡过程中也能保持所有功率单元直流电压平衡。     

多机驱动带式输送机功率平衡模糊控制方法

针对以调速型液力偶合器作为驱动装置的带式输送机多机驱动系统采用传统方法控制各驱动电动机之间的功率平衡,存在系统运行过程中动态特性较差、功率平衡调节精度较低等问题,提出一种多机驱动带式输送机功率平衡模糊控制方法:对液力偶合器涡轮转速实行闭环控制,保证在工作机负载发生变化时带式输送机具有恒定不变的带速;转速调节器采用模糊控制器代替传统的PID控制器,以提高功率平衡的调节精度。Matlab仿真结果表明,采用模糊控制方法可有效改善系统动态性能,提高功率平衡调节精度。     

Voltage balancing in three-level neutral-point-clamped converters via Luenberger observer

This paper addresses the problems associated with the dc-link capacitor voltages of the three-level neutral-point-clamped power converter: the imbalance of the capacitor voltages as well as the presence of an ac-voltage low-frequency oscillation in the dc link of the converter. In order to cope with them, a mathematical analysis of the capacitor voltage difference dynamics, based on a direct average continuous model, is carried out, considering a singular perturbation approach. The analysis leads to a final expression where a sinusoidal disturbance appears explicitly. Consequently, the two problems can be handled together using the ordinary formulation of a problem of regulating the output of a system subject to sinusoidal disturbances, applying classical control theory to design the controller. In this way, the controller is designed including the disturbance estimate provided by a Luenberger observer to asymptotically cancel the disturbance, while also keeping the capacitor voltages balanced. Experiments for a synchronous three-level neutral-point-clamped converter prototype are carried out to evaluate the performance and usefulness of the converter working as a grid-connected inverter under the proposed control law.     

PWM整流器的径向基函数神经网络控制新方法

提出了一种用于PWM单位功率因数整流器的神经网络(neural network， NN)控制方法．运用预测电流对电压型PWM整流器的有功、无功电流实现解耦，电压环采用基于径向基函数(radial basis function， RBF)神经网络自适应调整参数的PI控制器．仿真结果表明，这种PI控制器可以在线调整PI参数，快速跟踪整流器的变化过程，使PWM整流器获得较好的动、静态特性，并对电网负载扰动有较强的适应能力．     

A novel harmonic-free power factor corrector based on T-type APF with adaptive linear neural network (ADALINE) control

A novel harmonic-free power factor correction (PFC) topology based on T-type active power filter (APF) is proposed in this paper. The proposed system has better stability characteristics compared to conventional shunt APF topologies and it is a natural filter for the non-linear load harmonic disturbances. The tuned passive filters are connected at the ac-side of the rectifier load, which are designed to provide fundamental reactive power compensation and eliminate majority of load harmonics in order to minimize the power rating and heat dissipation of the voltage source inverter (VSI). The control scheme is based on a decoupled state-space equations of the T-type APF using separate proportional-integral controllers in d-axis and q-axis of rotating reference frame synchronized with grid voltages, respectively. The fundamental components of load-side currents are feed-forwarded in the current control loop using two groups of synchronous frame adaptive linear neural networks (ADALINEs) to ensure a fast dynamic response. A proportional-integral controller is adopted in the outer voltage loop for balancing the active power flow of the dc-side capacitor of the VSI. The proposed power factor corrector topology is studied analytically and by simulation under various scenarios using Matlab/Simulink. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed topology as well as its control schemes are substantially confirmed by the simulation results.     

An intelligent coordinator design for GCSC and AGC in a two-area hybrid power system

This study addresses the design procedure of an optimized fuzzy fine-tuning (OFFT) approach as an intelligent coordinator for gate controlled series capacitors (GCSC) and automatic generation control (AGC) in hybrid multi-area power system. To do so, a detailed mathematical formulation for the participation of GCSC in tie-line power flow exchange is presented. The proposed OFFT approach is intended for valid adjustment of proportional–integral controller gains in GCSC structure and integral gain of secondary control loop in the AGC structure. Unlike the conventional classic controllers with constant gains that are generally designed for fixed operating conditions, the outlined approach demonstrates robust performance in load disturbances with adapting the gains of classic controllers. The parameters are adjusted in an online manner via the fuzzy logic method in which the sine cosine algorithm subjoined to optimize the fuzzy logic. To prove the scalability of the proposed approach, the design has also been implemented on a hybrid interconnected two-area power system with nonlinearity effect of governor dead band and generation rate constraint. Success of the proposed OFFT approach is established in three scenarios by comparing the dynamic performance of concerned power system with several optimization algorithms including artificial bee colony algorithm, genetic algorithm, improved particle swarm optimization algorithm, ant colony optimization algorithm and sine cosine algorithm.     

一种新的模糊PID控制器的优化及其仿真研究

该文提出了一种新的最优模糊PID控制器。该控制器由两部分组成，一部分是常规PID控制器，另一部分是在线模糊推理机构。在模糊推理机构中，引入了三个可调节因子Xp，Xj，和Xd，其作用是优化模糊推理结果，该模糊PID控制器用来控制智能人工腿中的一个直线电机，并已获得很好的控制效果。