Signed distance‐based ORESTE for multicriteria group decision‐making with multigranular unbalanced hesitant fuzzy linguistic information

The objective of this study is to develop an integrated approach for solving multicriteria group decision‐making problems with multigranular unbalanced hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (HFLTSs). Firstly, a signed distance‐based transformation function is proposed to unify multigranular unbalanced hesitant fuzzy linguistic (HFL) assessments. Secondly, a mathematical programming model based on the maximum consensus is constructed to allocate decision‐makers (DMs)' weights objectively. Thirdly, a new signed distance‐based preference score function is defined to aggregate HFL assessments and determine the weak ranking of alternatives, and a novel preference, indifference, and incomparability test framework is constructed to identify the subtle relations among alternatives. On these bases, a signed distance‐based ORESTE (Organísation, rangement et Synthèse de données relarionnelles, in French) method, in which knowledge regarding criterion values and weights are expressed as multigranular unbalanced HFLTSs, is developed to obtain the ranking of alternatives. Finally, an illustrative example, followed by sensitivity and comparative analyses, is presented to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Multi-criteria group decision making with incomplete hesitant fuzzy preference relations

In order to simulate the hesitancy and uncertainty associated with impression or vagueness, a decision maker may give her/his judgments by means of hesitant fuzzy preference relations in the process of decision making. The study of their consistency becomes a very important aspect to avoid a misleading solution. This paper defines the concept of additive consistent hesitant fuzzy preference relations. The characterizations of additive consistent hesitant fuzzy preference relations are studied in detail. Owing to the limitations of the experts’ professional knowledge and experience, the provided preferences in a hesitant fuzzy preference relation are usually incomplete. Consequently, this paper introduces the concepts of incomplete hesitant fuzzy preference relation, acceptable incomplete hesitant fuzzy preference relation, and additive consistent incomplete hesitant fuzzy preference relation. Then, two estimation procedures are developed to estimate the missing information in an expert's incomplete hesitant fuzzy preference relation. The first procedure is used to construct an additive consistent hesitant fuzzy preference relation from the lowest possible number, (n − 1), of pairwise comparisons. The second one is designed for the estimation of missing elements of the acceptable incomplete hesitant fuzzy preference relations with more known judgments. Moreover, an algorithm is given to solve the multi-criteria group decision making problem with incomplete hesitant fuzzy preference relations. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the solution processes of the developed algorithm and to verify its effectiveness and practicality.     

基于犹豫语言决策模型的数据产品服务商选择

针对属性值为犹豫模糊语言元的多属性决策问题,建立基于犹豫模糊语言可能度的线性分配决策模型。首先,基于犹豫模糊语言元的包络转化方法,分别定义了犹豫模糊语言元间的可能度和相对差异指数等概念;其次探究发现可能度矩阵和相对差异矩阵均为互补判断矩阵,并设计了犹豫模糊语言元的最优度计算公式;最后,在犹豫模糊语言信息环境下,构建了一种新的线性分配决策模型用以确定各备选方案的综合最优度,进而遴选出最优方案。实验结果表明,提出的决策模型是可行和有效的。     

基于犹豫模糊语言的多阶段多属性决策方法

针对不确定语言条件下的决策问题,考虑专家偏好的阶段性差异,提出基于犹豫模糊语言的多阶段多属性决策方法。首先为了更准确地表达专家在决策过程中的犹豫性,采用犹豫模糊语言来表达专家的评估信息;其次考虑阶段权重的波动性,运用基于专家阶段性偏好的信息熵方法构建阶段权重优化模型确定阶段权重;然后利用最大化偏差法来求解属性权重,并采用基于平均解距离评价(EDAS)方法对备选方案进行排序;最后以某企业选取物流商问题为例,验证该方法的有效性和可行性。     

Interval programming method for hesitant fuzzy multi-attribute group decision making with incomplete preference over alternatives

The aim of this study is to employ the main structure of LINMAP (LINear programming technique for Multidimensional Analysis of Preference) to propose an interval programming method for solving multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems in which the ratings of alternatives are taken as hesitant fuzzy elements (HFEs) and all pair-wise comparison judgments over alternatives are represented by interval numbers. The contribution of this study is fivefold: (1) we define the new consistency and inconsistency indices; (2) we construct an interval programming model to determine the hesitant fuzzy positive ideal solution and the optimal weights of attributes, and at the same time present a decision algorithm; (3) we discuss several special cases of the proposed model in detail; (4) we show that compared with intuitionistic fuzzy LINMAP method (Li et al., 2010), the proposed approach reveals more useful information including the interval preference information, and does not need to transform HFEs into intuitionistic fuzzy numbers but directly deals with MAGDM problems and thus obtains better final decision results; and (5) we demonstrate the applicability and implementation process of the proposed approach by using an energy project selection example.     

一种基于残缺语言判断矩阵的群决策模型

研究了偏好信息为残缺语言判断矩阵的群决策问题。通过创建一个转换公式,将加性语言判断矩阵转化为互补判断矩阵,探讨了判断矩阵转换的一致性;应用转换公式将专家个体的加性残缺语言判断矩阵转化为残缺互补判断矩阵,并利用残缺互补判断矩阵排序向量的和行归一法,求出专家个体的排序向量;根据专家个体的排序向量,通过建立并求解一个非线性规划模型,得到专家群组的排序向量,从而实现备选方案的排序和择优。通过算例说明了方法的可行性与有效性.     

Some interesting properties of the fuzzy linguistic model based on discrete fuzzy numbers to manage hesitant fuzzy linguistic information

The management of hesitant fuzzy information is a topic of special interest in fuzzy decision making. In this paper, we focus on the use and properties of the fuzzy linguistic modelling based on discrete fuzzy numbers to manage hesitant fuzzy linguistic information. Among these properties, we can highlight the existence of aggregation functions with no need of transformations or the possibility of a greater flexibilization of the opinions of the experts, even using different linguistic chains (multigranularity). Furthermore, based on these properties we perform a comparison between this model and the one based on hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets, showing the advantages of the former with respect to the latter. Finally, a fuzzy decision making model based on discrete fuzzy numbers is proposed.     

基于优序关系的犹豫模糊语言多准则决策方法

犹豫模糊语言集是语言集和犹豫模糊集的扩展,受传统Electre方法的启发,构建基于优序关系的犹豫模糊语言多准则决策方法. 首先,给出犹豫模糊语言数的Hausdorff距离公式;然后,基于每一准则下方案评价的对比,建立犹豫模糊语言数的优序关系,并在此基础上,提出一种基于优序关系的犹豫模糊语言多准则决策方法;最后,通过算例表明了所提出方法的有效性和可行性.     

Multi-attribute group decision-making methods based on q-rung orthopair fuzzy linguistic sets

With the continuous development of the economy and society, decision-making problems and decision-making scenarios have become more complex. The q-rung orthopair fuzzy set is getting more and more attention from researchers, which is more general and flexible than Pythagorean fuzzy set and intuitionistic fuzzy set under complex vague environment. In this study, the concept of q-rung orthopair fuzzy linguistic set (q-ROFLS) is proposed and a new q-rung orthopair fuzzy linguistic method is developed to handle MAGDM problem. Firstly, the conception, operation laws, comparison methods, and distance measure methods of the q-ROFLS are proposed. Secondly, the q-ROFL weighted average operator, q-ROFL ordered weighted average operator, q-ROFL hybrid weighted average operator, q-ROFL weighted geometric operator, q-ROFL ordered weighted geometric operator, and q-ROFL hybrid weighted geometric operator are proposed, and some interesting properties, special cases of these operators are investigated. Furthermore, a new method to cope with MAGDM problem based on q-ROFL weighted average operator (q-ROFL weighted geometric operator) is developed. Finally, a practical example for suppliers selection is provided to verify the practicality of the presented method, and the effectiveness and flexibility of the presented method are illustrated by sensitive analysis and comparative analysis.     

A novel hesitant fuzzy linguistic hybrid cloud model and extended best-worst method for multicriteria decision making

Developing effective and accurate model to handle complex uncertainties of linguistic assessments in multicriteria decision making (MCDM) has important theoretical significance and practical value of engineering. This paper proposes a novel hesitant fuzzy linguistic hybrid cloud (HFLHC) model that integrates hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set and cloud model to handle the hesitancy, fuzziness, and randomness of linguistic expression. The normal cloud and trapezium cloud are integrated to represent hybrid-length linguistic variables of HFLHC model, which can effectively avoid evaluation information loss and distortion. Aiming at applying HFLHC model to MCDM, some hybrid operations for normal cloud and trapezium cloud are developed. Moreover, an improved method for aggregating multiple linguistic concepts into an integrated trapezium cloud in HFLHC model is proposed, with consideration of the different representation region of each linguistic concept. Furthermore, a novel HFLHC-based best-worst method is proposed to obtain optimal criteria weights with developing a HFLHC optimization programming model and a modified consistency ratio. Finally, an illustrative example of sustainable supplier selection is presented. Several comparative analyses demonstrate that our method can provide more consistency and greater reliability.     

Interactive algorithms for improving incomplete linguistic preference relations based on consistency measures

Incomplete linguistic preference relations (InLPRs) are generally inevitable in group decision making problems due to several reasons. Two vital issues of InLPRs are the consistency and the estimation of missing entries. The initial InLPR may be not consistent, which means that some of its entries do not reflect the real opinions of the experts accurately. Thus, there are deviations between some initial provided values and real opinions. Therefore, it is valuable to elicit the providers to realize and repair the deviations. In this paper, we discuss the consistency and the completing algorithms of InLPRs by interacting with the experts. Servicing as the minimum condition of consistency, the weak consistency of InLPRs is defined and a weak consistency reaching algorithm is designed to guarantee the logical correctness of InLPRs. Then two distinct completing algorithms are presented to estimate the missing entries. The former not only estimates all possible linguistic terms and represents them by the extended hesitant fuzzy linguistic terms sets but also keeps weak consistency during the computing procedures. The later can automatically revise the existing entries using the new opinions supplemented by the experts during interactions. All the proposed algorithms interact with the experts to elicit and mine their actual opinions more accurately. A real case study is also presented to clarify the advantages of our proposal. Moreover, these algorithms can serve as assistant tools for the experts to present their preferences.     

Estimating incomplete information in group decision making: A framework of granular computing

A general assumption in group decision making scenarios is that of all individuals possess accurate knowledge of the entire problem under study, including the abilities to make a distinction of the degree up to which an alternative is better than other one. However, in many real world scenarios, this may be unrealistic, particularly those involving numerous individuals and options to choose from conflicting and dynamics information sources. To manage such a situation, estimation methods of incomplete information, which use own assessments provided by the individuals and consistency criteria to avoid discrepancy, have been widely employed under fuzzy preference relations. In this study, we introduce the information granularity concept to estimate missing values supporting the objective of obtaining complete fuzzy preference relations with higher consistency levels. We use the concept of granular preference relations to form each missing value as a granule of information in place of a crisp number. This offers the flexibility that is required to estimate the missing information so that the consistency levels related to the complete fuzzy preference relations are as higher as possible.     

犹豫模糊语言环境下的无线传感器选择方法

无线传感器系统的选择是无线传感器管理中的一个重要课题,其本质是一个多属性决策问题。针对犹豫模糊语言环境下无线传感器的选择问题,基于前景理论和证据理论的思想,提出一种新的犹豫模糊语言多属性决策方法。该决策方法首先利用证据理论确定各自然状态发生的概率,进而得到每种状态发生的决策权重函数;其次,运用正态分布概率密度函数构建犹豫模糊语言决策参考点,并基于属性值与决策参考点之间的距离计算价值函数矩阵,从而获得前景价值矩阵;进一步构建以综合前景价值最大化为目标函数的最优化模型求解属性权重,并依据各无线传感器系统的综合前景价值进行优劣排序。通过对无线传感器系统的选择实例验证提出的决策方法的可行性与有效性。     

A normal wiggly hesitant fuzzy linguistic projection-based multiattributive border approximation area comparison method

As a useful information representation tool, hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set (HFLTS) allows decision makers (DMs) to express their cognitive preferences in terms of several ordered and continuous linguistic terms. Considering the fact that much valuable information related to the cognitive behavior of DMs is hidden in the original evaluation information, this paper studies how to comprehensively mine uncertain information from original hesitant fuzzy linguistic evaluation information given by DMs. To address this objective, we present a new representation tool, normal wiggly hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set (NWHFLTS), which not only retains the original evaluation information, but also delivers and quantifies potential uncertain information, and can also help DMs express their evaluation information in a more complete manner. First, we develop the basic operations, score function, and comparison rule of NWHFLTS based on linguistic scale functions (LSFs), and propose the projection measure, the normal projection measure, and the normalized projection-based distance measure to describe the degree of deviation between two NWHFLTSs. Furthermore, for the case when the attribute weight is completely unknown, we combine the multiattributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC) method and develop a new method called as normal wiggly hesitant fuzzy linguistic projection-based MABAC to solve the multiattribute decision-making problems where attribute values are expressed in the form of NWHFLTS. Finally, through a practical example of marine ecological security situation, the specific calculation steps of this method are exemplified, the feasibility and advancement of the proposed method are demonstrated via a comprehensive comparative study.     

Assessment of traffic congestion with ORESTE method under double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic environment

With the new generation of information technology development and the promotion of the Internet, local governments turn their attention to the construction of intelligent transportation systems. More and more cities began building intelligent transportation which has been widely used to monitor urban traffic. Experts can evaluate urban traffic congestion based on the information collected from the big data of intelligent transportation. In recent two years, double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set has been widely used to depict explicit evaluation information, which is straightforward and broad-spectrum. When evaluating traffic congestion in a city, decision makers can utilize double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets to express vague information. Moreover, the ORESTE method is an applicative method which can select a reliable alternative by subdividing alternatives and reduce the loss of information in the conversion process. In this paper, we propose a double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic ORESTE method and a new score function of double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set. The method raises a new perspective to reduce the error from other methods and the new score function derives a robust decision-making result. Then, we apply the double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic ORESTE method to solve a practical case involving choosing the congested city by evaluating the 5S traffic congestion model. Finally, we compare the double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic ORESTE method with other methods such as the classical ORESTE method and the double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic MULTIMOORA to illustrate the advantages of our method.     

基于犹豫模糊集的软件质量评价模型

提出一种基于犹豫模糊集的软件质量评价模型。首先,根据专家打分,将犹豫模糊集与直觉模糊集相结合,得出软件质量特性的综合犹豫模糊评价矩阵;然后,通过计算犹豫模糊广义比较表,得出软件各质量属性得分;最后根据得分情况给出软件的质量排序。该模型较好地解决了专家对软件质量指标进行评价时的犹豫性问题。具体的案例分析表明,所提出的软件质量评价模型是可行、有效的。     

基于层次分析法的犹豫模糊语言包络分析模型及其在边缘节点网络安全评估中的应用

针对传统的网络安全评估方法仅用单一语言术语作为偏好信息难以评估复杂网络环境的安全性的问题,利用犹豫模糊语言术语集作为评估网络安全的偏好信息,提出了一种基于层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)的犹豫模糊语言包络分析模型,用以评估边缘节点的网络安全性。该模型通过求解目标规划模型获得最优的网络安全准则权重信息,进一步构建网络安全准则权重信息对应的AHP约束锥作为犹豫模糊语言包络分析模型的约束条件,获得移动用户安全评估的排序结果。实例证明该模型能够合理地融合网络安全准则偏好信息,并有效地处理边缘节点的网络安全评估问题。     

基于犹豫模糊语言多属性群决策的VIKOR扩展方法

针对犹豫模糊语言多属性群决策问题,提出了一种基于可能度分布的VIKOR方法。该方法首先将基于犹豫模糊语言的评价信息转化成可能度分布值,定义了新的距离公式,避免了传统犹豫模糊语言评价信息在计算过程中造成的信息扭曲。然后,设计了基于最大群体效用与最小个体遗憾两个目标的群体信息集结优化模型,并给出多属性群决策的VIKOR扩展方法。运用一个交通建设方案选择的案例分析验证了方法的有效性和优越性。     

A web based consensus support system for group decision making problems and incomplete preferences

Reaching a high level of consensus among experts is critical in group decision making problems. Usually, it is the moderator task to assure that the consensus process is carried out properly and, if possible, to offer recommendations to the expert in order to change their opinions and narrow their differences.In this paper we present an implemented web based consensus support system that is able to help, or even replace, the moderator in a consensus process where experts are allowed to provide their preferences using one of many types (fuzzy, linguistic and multi-granular linguistic) of incomplete preference relations.This system is based on both consistency and consensus measures and it has been designed to provide advice to the experts to increase group consensus level while maintaining the individual consistency of each expert. The consistency measures are characterized by and computed using uninorm operators. When appropriate, the system also helps experts to reduce the incompleteness of their preference relations. The web interface allows to carry out distributed consensus processes and thus, experts do not necessarily need to physically meet together.     

基于犹豫语言H-几何算子的信息安全系统选择

针对属性值为犹豫模糊语言信息且属性输入变量之间存在相互联系的多属性群决策问题,提出了一种基于犹豫语言Heronian几何算子的多属性群决策模型。基于Archimedean范数定义了新的犹豫模糊语言运算法则,并提出了犹豫语言Heronian几何（HLHG）算子;探讨了HLHG算子的一些优良性质,研究了HLHG算子的几种常见形式,引入了犹豫语言Heronian加权几何（HLHWG）算子;基于HLHWG算子构建了一种新的犹豫模糊语言多属性群决策模型,该群决策模型不仅考虑到了输入决策信息之间的相互联系,而且使得决策者能够依据自身偏好选择不同参数进行决策。结合信息安全系统选择实例验证了提出的群决策模型是可行的和有效的。