等臂L形银纳米天线的表面等离子特性研究

利用FDTD方法分析了由银纳米线形成的等臂L形光学共振天线的共振模式。研究了其场增强特性及共振散射谱的变化。L形纳米天线的近场增强特性强烈依赖于入射偏振,入射光偏振方向沿垂直于镜面对称轴方向时有最大一阶共振近场增强;入射光偏振方向沿镜面对称轴方向时有最大的二阶共振近场增强。     

Enhanced power conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic devices due to the surface plasmonic resonance effect generated utilizing Au-WO3 nanocomposites

Au-WO₃ nanocomposites (NCs) were used as a hole transport layer (HTL) to enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. The photon absorption of the active layer in the OPV cells was increased due to the plasmonic effect caused by the Au-WO₃ NCs, resulting in an enhanced short-circuit current density for the OPV cells with the Au-WO₃ NC HTL. The value of the root-mean-square roughness of the Au-WO₃ NC film was smaller than that of the WO₃ NP film, resulting in a more efficient transport of holes from the active layer. The PCE of the OPV cell with an Au-WO₃ NCs HTL with an Au NP concentration of 10 wt% was improved by 60.37% in comparison with that with WO₃ nanoparticles. The enhancement of the PCE was attributed to both an increase in the efficiency of the hole transport at an Au-WO₃ NCs HTL with an Au NP concentration of 10 wt%/active layer heterointerface and an enhanced photon absorption due to the localized surface plasmon resonance effect of the Au-WO₃ NCs.     

All thermal-evaporated surface plasmon enhanced organic solar cells by Au nanoparticles

Au nanoparticles (NPs) are fabricated on indium-tin-oxide substrates by a thermal evaporation method and incorporated to an efficient small molecule organic solar cell (OSC). This renders an all thermal evaporated surface plasmon enhanced OSC. The optimized device shows a power conversion efficiency of 3.40%, which is 14% higher than that of the reference device without Au NPs. The improvement is mainly contributed to the increased short-circuit current which resulted from the enhanced light harvesting due to localized surface plasmon resonance of Au NPs and the increased conductivity of the device.     

受纳米结构损伤限制的光纤拉曼探头SERS探测灵敏度

利用光线追迹法,研究了典型光纤拉曼探头在纳米结构损伤限制下收集到的SERS功率与样品位置之间关系,结果表明,对于不同焦距构成的同轴等光程光纤拉曼探头,在给定的纳米结构损伤阈值激发光功率密度下,样品偏离焦平面反而会使探头收集到的SERS功率增加,相比于样品远离探头方向偏离焦平面,靠近探头方向偏离焦平面时收集到的SERS功率更高。此外,收集光纤芯径越大,探头所收集的SERS功率越大。     

Exploring Plasmonic Resonances Toward “Large-Scale” Flexible Optical Sensors with Deformation Stability

The next generation of sensors requires a simple yet compact lab on chip-based precise optical detection mechanism where data interpretation can be achieved with minimum effort. Hereby, cost-efficient strategies of manufacturing both propagating surface plasmon polariton (SPP) and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensors on flexible platforms are explored via mechanical instabilities and oblique-angled metal evaporation. Centimeter scaled dielectric grating structures produced by plasma oxidation of pre-stressed polydimethylsiloxane film have comprised the substrates, thus imparting inherent flexibility. Subsequently, both continuous and discontinuous 1D-metallic lattices are obtained via vapor deposition of gold at different angles. The optical isotropy (gold surface-grating) and anisotropy (gold edge-grating) are distinctly observed as a difference between forward and backward diffraction efficiencies, backed by analytical correlation to the observed orders. Supported with electromagnetic modeling, the SPP and LSPR excitations are experimentally characterized under reflectance and transmittance measurements, along with a demonstration of their sensing capabilities. The LSPR supported flexible sensor provides superiority in terms of sensitivity, which is investigated under mechanical deformations to exhibit consistency of the resonant wavelength. Such consistency is strategically unraveled via “finite element method” based approaches, thus providing a new paradigm of cost-efficient, large-scaled flexible sensors.     

基于钒的表面等离子体宽带广角红外光吸收器

探讨了基于金属钒亚微米结构的表面等离子体宽带广角红外光吸收器,它由置于表面涂覆介质层的金属钒衬底上方周期性排列的无限长钒条构成。使用有限元方法计算了其吸收谱,当P极化平面电磁波以小角度(小于20°)入射时,吸收率达到98%以上,波长为1.08～1.60μm;当P极化平面波以大角度(小于50°)入射时,吸收率达到98%以上,波长为1.08～1.44μm;当P极化平面波以10°入射时,谐振峰(λ=1.54μm)的吸收率达到99.9%。此外,由于金属钒的熔点很高,基于金属钒的吸收器可用于强光高功率的场合。     

An on-chip localized surface plasmon resonance-based biosensor for label-free monitoring of antigen–antibody reaction

The unique localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) property of gold nanoparticles has been used to design a label-free biosensor in a chip format. In this research, a sensitive and low-cost microfluidic integrated LSPR-based biosensor is developed. The gold nanoparticles were synthesized in solution and immobilized on quartz substrates by a silane layer as molecular glue. The gold nanoparticle-coated substrate was further integrated with a microfluidic chip. An automated sample introduction system was developed to perform a variety of processes including sample loading, chip washing and sample change. A refractive index resolution of 1 × 10⁻⁴ RIU (refractive index unit) was demonstrated by using the on-chip biosensor combined with the automated sampling system. This developed microfluidic integrated system is capable of transporting a specific amount of bio-samples into the sensing chambers to achieve sensitive and specific biosensing with decreased reaction time and less reagent consuming. Proof-of-concept detection of antigen/antibody (biotin/anti-biotin) binding was performed and was quantitatively detected.     

Light enhancement of plasmonic nano-structure for PLEDs at RGB wavelengths

In this work, a simple, rapid, and low-cost sputtering system was used to deposit Ag-Au composite nanoparticles (CNPs) onto an indium titanium oxide (ITO) anode for polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) at room temperature. These Ag-Au CNPs on ITO surface serve as the resonators of electrons to result in a broader absorption under the visible light irradiation. The interlayer does not act as electron blocking layer, but hole injection enhancement by electron injection does seem to occur. Because of the localized surface plasmon resonance emission, the luminance efficiencies of the blue-, green-, and red-emitting PLEDs with Ag-Au CNPs increased by approximately 1.5-fold, compared to those of the reference devices. This method provided with the production of chemically stable Ag-Au CNPs under ambient conditions is well suited for enhancing the emission of large-area PLEDs in full color.     

The dual localized surface plasmonic effects of gold nanodots and gold nanoparticles enhance the performance of bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells

In this study, we investigated the effects of plasmonic resonances induced by gold nanodots (Au NDs), thermally deposited on the active layer, and octahedral gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), incorporated within the hole transport layer, on the performance of bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells (PSCs) based on poly(3-hexyl thiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl-C₆₁butyric acid methyl ester (PC₆₁BM). Thermal deposition of 5.3-nm Au NDs between the active layer and the cathode in a P3HT:PC₆₁BM device resulted in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.6%—that is 15% greater than that (4.0%) for the P3HT:PC₆₁BM device without Au NDs. The Au NDs provided near-field enhancement through excitation of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), thereby enhancing the degree of light absorption.     

纳米银颗粒表面增强荧光效应与其覆盖率的关联

实验上获得了纳米银颗粒对光敏剂二氢卟吩f-甲醚（CPD4）的荧光增强效应,基于纳米银颗粒覆盖率对表面增强荧光效应的影响,初步探讨了荧光增强的物理增强机制。不同覆盖率纳米银基底表面吸附的CPD4的增强荧光结果显示,在低颗粒覆盖率时（〈30％）,激发效率和激发态分子衰减速率不依赖于覆盖率变化;当颗粒覆盖率大于30％接近40％时,激发效率和激发态分子衰减速率都得到提高。实验和理论结果均表明,相比于单个银纳米颗粒,颗粒覆盖率增加提高了颗粒间电磁耦合效应,能够产生更强的表面增强荧光效应。     

Atomic-Precision Tailoring of Au–Ag Core–Shell Composite Nanoparticles for Direct Electrochemical-Plasmonic Hydrogen Evolution in Water Splitting

Traditionally, bandgap materials are a prerequisite to photocatalysis since they can harness a reasonable range of the solar spectrum. However, the high impedance across the bandgap and the low concentration of intrinsic charge carriers have limited their energy conversion. By contrast, metallic nanoparticles possess a sea of free electrons that can effectively promote the transition to the excited state for reactions. Here, an atomic layer of a bimetallic concoction of silver–gold shells is precisely fabricated onto an Au core via a sonochemical dispersion approach to form a core–shell of Au–Ag that exploits the wide availability of excited states of Ag while maintaining an efficient localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Au. Catalytic results demonstrate that this mix of Ag and Au can convert solar energy to hydrogen at high efficiency with an increase of 112.5% at an optimized potential of −0.5 V when compared to light-off conditions under the electrochemical LSPR. This outperforms the commercial Pt catalysts by 62.1% with a hydrogen production rate of 1870 µmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ at room temperature. This study opens a new route for tuning the range of light capture of hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts using fabricated core–shell material through the combination of LSPR with electrochemical means.     

Enhancement of the current efficiency of organic light-emitting devices due to the surface plasmonic resonance effect of dodecanethilol-functionalized Au nanoparticles

The photoluminescence intensity of the dodecanethilol-functionalized Au (DDT-Au) nanoparticle (NP) layer/4,4′-cyclohexylidenebis[N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)benzenamine] (TAPC)/4,4′-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl:tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium (III) (CPB:Ir(ppy)₃) film was increased by about 1.15 times compared to that of the TAPC/CPB:Ir(ppy)₃ film due to the effect of coupling between the excitons in the emitting layer and a localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR) in the DDT-Au NPs. The current efficiency of the organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) with the DDT-Au NP layer at 100 cd/m² was 14.9 cd/A larger than that without the DDT-Au NP layer, resulting in an enhancement of the out-coupling efficiency. The increase in the current efficiency of the OLEDs with a DDT-Au NP layer was attributed to the enhanced out-coupling efficiency due to the existence of the LSPR generated by the DDT-Au NPs.