一种新的基于LEACH的WSN分簇协议

LEACH是针对无线传感器网络设计的低功耗自适应分簇聚类路由算法,与一般的平面多跳路由算法相比,LEACH算法可以将网络生命周期延长15%。但是,靠近汇聚节点的簇头节点由于转发大量数据而导致自身能量消耗过快且节点易失效,从而造成网络分割,形成＂热区＂的问题,提出了一种新颖的基于分区能耗均衡的多跳非均匀分簇算法（CEUC）。改进后的算法采用固定分簇的方式;形成的簇是不均匀簇,即靠近Sink节点的簇的半径较大,而远离Sink节点的簇的半径较小;簇首选择的依据是节点的剩余能量。仿真实验结果表明,该路由协议有效地平衡了无线传感器网络的节点能耗,延长了网络的存活时间。     

无线传感网络在结构健康监测中的应用

将无线传感网络引入结构健康监测中.根据无线传感网络的体系结构和性能标准,提出了应用在结构健康监测里的一些特殊需求.设计了一套实验系统,在此基础上,开发出几种网络协议和应用程序,实现了多跳路由,多参数采集和网络抗毁性,并应用这些程序,协同完成了载荷定位和紧固连接件松动诊断.实验证明,无线传感网络在结构健康监测中应用前景广阔.     

一种基于非均匀分簇的无线传感器网络路由协议

在路由协议中利用分簇技术可以提高无线传感器网络的可扩展性.当簇首以多跳通信的方式将数据传输至数据汇聚点时,靠近汇聚点的簇首由于转发大量数据而负载过重,可能过早耗尽能量而失效,这将导致网络分割.该文提出一种新颖的基于非均匀分簇的无线传感器网络多跳路由协议.它的核心是一个用于组织网络拓扑的能量高效的非均匀分簇算法,其中候选簇首通过使用非均匀的竞争范围来构造大小不等的簇.靠近汇聚点的簇的规模小于远离汇聚点的簇,因此靠近汇聚点的簇首可以为簇间的数据转发预留能量.模拟实验结果表明,该路由协议有效地平衡了簇首的能量消耗,并显著地延长了网络的存活时间.     

Secure and robust multipath routings for advanced metering infrastructure

A Smart Grid is the modernization of the electricity grid using communication technology with the prime goals of reducing energy consumption as well as cost increasing reliability and creating new services for all participants. It comprises key components such as the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), which includes Neighborhood area network (NAN). When multi-hopping is considered in wireless communication, especially in WiFi and ZigBee, the range of the communication can be extended to communicate with the gateway collector in AMI network. Wireless mesh AMI network may have smart meters, a NAN gateway, and fixed as well as mobile repeaters. Though many techniques have been developed to secure on-demand routing protocols in wireless multi-hop ad-hoc networks, these protocols have shortcomings. In this paper, we propose two robust and secure multipath routing protocols for wireless mesh AMI networks. We have analyzed their robustness to various attacks. The simulation results show that the proposed protocols are better than existing secure routing protocols.     

无线传感器网络中的可靠传输研究

无线传感器网络是由大量微型传感器节点以自组织和多跳的方式构成的网络。它具有资源非常受限、无线通信链路质量不稳定和网络拓扑动态变化等诸多显著特点,与现有的互联网和其它无线网络存在较大差别,向可靠数据传输提出新的挑战和要求。针对无线传感器网络,本文探讨了设计可靠传输协议应考虑的因素,分析了两种可靠传输的实现机制,提出可靠传输协议的分类方法,并重点介绍近年来提出的典型可靠传输协议,最后指出将来的研究方向。     

能量高效的无线传感器网络路由协议

针对目前无线传感器网络分簇路由协议存在的节点能耗不均衡的问题,提出一种基于分簇思想的能量高效的多跳路由协议(EEMR)。该协议首先基于节点临近度将网络划分成簇,采用簇首自适应轮转模式优化簇内节点通信的能量消耗,以高剩余能量短路径向心角的适应度路由算法均衡簇间通信负载和能量消耗,有效避免多跳路由中出现的能量消耗不均衡问题。仿真结果表明,EEMR协议能有效均衡网络内节点的能量消耗,显著延长无线传感器网络的生命期并提高网络能量利用率。     

按需能量多路径的路由协议研究

微机电系统、处理器、无线通信及存储技术的进步促进了无线传感器网络的飞速发展,使得无线传感器网络成为一种全新的信息获取和处理技术,也因此与传统网络有着许多不同之处.介绍了无线传感器网络的特点及其通信协议体系结构,着重讨论了传感器网络路由协议的设计问题.在分层模型基础上,动态地选择汇聚节点和分层模型的能量多径路由协议可使能量均衡,延长网络寿命,提高数据转发率,这也是传感器网络路由设计的主要目标.     

无线传感器网络路由协议安全研究

路由算法是无线传感器网络（WirdessSensorNetworks,WSNs）感知信息传输和汇聚的基础,作为多跳网络,WSNs有其自身的特点,特别是在路由的安全性方面,需要进行深入的研究。文章对近年来的WSNs路由协议安全进行了分析和总结,首先介绍WSNs安全路由的基本概念,接着对路由协议易受到的安全威胁和攻击进行了分类对比,最后对WSNs中几种典型路由协议的安全陛进行了描述和分析。     

异构无线网络中的Ad Hoc路由及QoS分析

首先分析了纯Ad Hoc网络环境下具有QoS保证的几种典型路由协议,然后阐述了异构无线网络的体系架构以及异构网络环境下的Ad Hoc路由,包括基于节点位置信息的路由分级路由、提高网络容量的多跳中继路由、实现网络负载均衡的路由,以及跨层路由协议。最后,总结了在异构网络环境下提出的基于Ad Hoc网络多跳中继路由的负载均衡策略的研究工作,分析了仿真结果。     

基于节点密度的无线传感器网络成簇算法

降低传感器节点的能量损耗,延长网络生命周期,一直是无线传感器网络路由协议研究的重点。根据LEACH算法的特点以及网络节点可能出现簇头分布不均匀的状况,提出一种基于节点相对密度选取簇头的成簇算法LEACH-D。在该算法中簇头的选择考虑了节点分布密度,同时在数据传输中采用建立簇树路由的机制来完成多跳通信。并且通过MATLAB的仿真证明了改进算法在能量损耗和延长生命周期方面比原有算法有了比较大的提高。     

QMRPRNS: Design of QoS multicast routing protocol using reliable node selection scheme for MANETs

A mobile Ad-Hoc networks (MANETs) is a continuously self-configuring, infrastructure-less network of wireless mobile devices. In which multicast is one of the efficient way of communication. Currently, several research have been conducted to design multicast routing protocols for wireless mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). Multicasting is a technique that allow to send the same message to a group of destinations simultaneously. However, it faces several challenges against its implementation in ad-hoc network due to its dynamic nature, lack of bandwidth, short battery lifetime of the mobile devices. The multicast routing protocol MAODV have several constraints as mentioned above. Hence to address these constraints a reliable neighbour nodes selection scheme has been integrated over MAODV. This paper attempt a Quality of Service (QoS) based multicast routing protocol using reliable neighbour nodes selection scheme (QMRPRNS) for same. The simulation has been conducted to compare the performance of the proposed scheme against some existing multicast routing protocols which shows significant improvement over EMAODV and MAODV.     

无线Ad hoc网络的现状研究

无线Ad hoc网络是一种特殊的网络,具有分布式的体系结构.其组网简单灵活,支持随时随地通信.在军事,救灾等领域得到了广泛的应用.但由于它的无线多跳,动态拓扑特性对传统通信协议提出了挑战,它的应用还是受到了很大的局限.本文阐述了无线Ad hoc网络的移动、多跳、自组织特点;平面和分级式体系结构;并对无线Ad hoc的有效路由、MAC协议、网络安全和QoS支持等关键技术的研究现状和缺点进行了分析和介绍.     

基于Sun SPOT平台的无线传感器网络多跳路由协议设计

多跳路由协议是无线传感器网络中的关键技术之一,针对传统多跳传输协议在无线传感器网络的实际应用中存在部署过程过于复杂等问题,设计了一种灵活实用的基于Sink节点控制的无线传感器网络多跳传输协议(Sink Controlling Multi-hop Protocol,SCMP)。Sink节点通过发送命令信息实现对传感器节点的控制,并收集各个节点的路由信息从而获得全局路由,然后对传感器节点的数据传输进行进一步控制。在Sun SPOT平台上对SCMP进行了部署实验,结果表明,基于Sink节点控制的多跳传输协议更加方便灵活,在实际的无线传感器网络应用中具有一定的有效性和可行性。     

Portable wireless-networking protocol evaluation

Multi-hop wireless networks, such as sensor-, ad hoc- and mesh-nets, can be differentiated in terms of participating devices and usage scenarios. However they share strong characteristics and requirements, such as node cooperation to enable multi-hop forwarding and dynamic routing protocols to deliver packets. As a result of these similarities, protocols designed for all these wireless networks revolve around a common core of functionality, for example coping with link and node dynamics. They differ only in additional network-specific functionality, such as tree routing structures in sensornets, and parameterization, for example buffer sizes.This convergence of functionality and design goals, as well as the sheer number of proposed protocols in each network class, motivates the idea of applying protocols to more than just their one original class. However, network-layer protocols are usually developed for and tested in only one class of wireless network due to the lack of a platform that allows testing of protocols across different classes of networks. As a result, we unnecessarily constrain the range of settings and scenarios in which we test network protocols.In this article, we propose a platform for protocol testing and evaluation in multiple, heterogeneous networks and discuss the requirements and challenges of such a solution. As a first step and case study, we present the detailed architecture of TinyWifi, a platform for executing native sensornet protocols on Linux-driven wireless devices as found in wireless mesh and mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). TinyWifi builds on nesC code base that abstracts from TinyOS and enables the execution of nesC-based protocols in Linux. Using this abstraction, we expand the applicability and means of protocol execution from one class of wireless network to another without re-implementation. We demonstrate the generality of TinyWifi by evaluating four well-established protocols on IEEE 802.11 and 802.15.4 based testbeds using a single implementation. Based on the experience of building TinyWifi and the presented evaluation, we deduce the feasibility of a cross-network evaluation platform and sketch the requirements for inclusion of further network classes.     

无线传感器网络路由协议分类研究

无线传感器网络具有与传统网络不同的特点,且与应用高度相关。传统网络及移动自组织网络的路由协议不能有效地用于无线传感器网络,因而研究人员提出了众多的路由协议。在介绍了无线传感器网络的特点及路由协议设计的关键问题之后,总结分析了现存的路由协议的分类方法,并对各类路由协议从路由策略、路由协议的特点、性能等多方面进行了对比分析,指出了各类路由协议的优缺点及其包含的路由协议。最后总结出未来的研究热点和发展趋势。     

Wireless video sensor networks for sparse, resource-constrained, multi-robot teams

Small-size robots provide access and maneuverability in the tight confines of highly rubbled and uncertain environments such as those encountered in Urban Search and Rescue (USAR). Small size also provides easy portability and deployability and the potential for redundancy through multi-robot teaming. Unfortunately, small size does not diminish the data demands of these applications, such as high-resolution imagery and other forms of high bandwidth data. Furthermore, achieving redundancy in tight environments requires wireless operation to avoid the entanglement of tethers, but wireless communication links have proven unreliable in such environments. The net effect of this is a set of robust networking requirements that include high bandwidth, low latency, and low power with multi-hop routing in a sparse and highly volatile network configuration, which has been collectively difficult to achieve. Our metric for benchmarking these requirements is a stream of uncompressed 320 ×  240, 24-bit color images updated at 1 frame per second (roughly 1.8 Mbps - image compression is not the focus of this research as it only serves to increase the possible resolution or frame rate). No existing ad hoc wireless sensor network approaches have been able to achieve these requirements. Wi-Fi requires high power and size and does not have the latency, while Zig-bee does not have the bandwidth. Instead, this work focuses on augmenting the Bluetooth protocol, which is master/slave based, with a hybrid, multi-hop routing protocol. Bluetooth has the desired low power and high bandwidth characteristics, but lacks multi-hop routing and rapid recovery. In this paper, a hybrid routing protocol for ad hoc multi-robot networking is described that features: (1) high-bandwidth, (2) low power, and (3) low latency of data traffic for sparse, highly volatile networks—exactly what is required for large teams of highly distributed, small-scale robots. Furthermore, this paper compares simulations and robot implementations of different routing protocols over Bluetooth sensor networks and demonstrates the viability of our protocol as a wireless network solution for multi-robot teams characterized by high mobility in difficult RF environments. To the best of our knowledge, the work presented in this paper is the first attempt at comparison of different routing protocols for real robots with physical experiments over Bluetooth sensor networks.     

基于混合量子进化算法的高效节能无线传感器网络路由算法

在无线传感器网络中,层次型路由算法能减少节点能量消耗和延长网络生存周期.因此在LEACH算法和PEGASIS算法的基础上,提出了一种基于混合量子进化算法的高效节能的无线传感器网络路由算法HERA.该算法中把网络分为多个簇,每个簇中的节点连接成为一条多跳通讯链路,并使用混合量子进化算法来得到最优的分簇组链方式,以减少链路...     

带状无线传感器网络能量高效的节点部署策略

带状无线传感器网络具有特殊的拓扑结构,满足很多重要领域的应用需求。针对带状网络中的能量消耗不均衡问题,分析了带状无线传感器网络在多跳通信时的拓扑结构和能耗模型,在对带状网络进行分簇的基础上,提出一种非均匀的节点部署策略,该策略量化了带状传感器网络中簇内节点的数目关系,并设计了相应的路由协议。仿真结果表明,非均匀的节点部署策略可以缓解带状网络的能量空洞问题,使网络能耗趋于均衡,延长整个网络的生命周期。     

An improved transport layer protocol for wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are a kind of communication networks having independent sensor nodes that form multi-hop ad hoc network to transfer data. In the past few years, various transport control protocols in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been developed and proposed in the literature. In this paper, we have analyzed pump slowly, fetch quickly (PSFQ) protocol and presented an improved transport layer protocol for wireless sensor networks. The improved protocol has been analyzed based on various factors such as average latency and average error tolerance and it is found that the proposed protocol is better than PSFQ in terms of these factors.     

基于WSNs的设施农业环境远程监控系统设计

针对现有设施农业环境远程监控系统的不足,对其监控方案进行改进,将无线传感器网络和嵌入式技术相结合,设计了基于CC2530的传感器节点软硬件结构和基于S3C2440的嵌入式设备的软硬件结构。设计了基于改进蚁群算法的路由协议。实现了对监测区域的环境信息的实时、可靠地采集和传输。实验结果表明：该系统在实现传统监控功能的基础上能够提供给用户更直观的信息显示、具有移动监控的功能、系统的成本低并且网络能耗负载均衡。