汽车涂装废水处理工程实例

汽车涂装工艺复杂,涂装废水具有污染物种类多,危害大,处理难度大。主要污染物成分为石油类、重金属、电泳漆等,本工程采用"预处理+缺氧+好氧+MBR"处理技术,使得出水水质达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)中一级A标准。     

高浓度鱼粉(海产品)加工废水处理工艺研究与应用

采用"预处理+气浮池+水解酸化+A~2O+絮凝沉淀+纤维转盘滤池+次氯酸钠消毒"的组合工艺对高含盐量、高COD、高氨氮的鱼粉加工及冷藏废水进行处理,处理规模为5000 m~3/d,总投资为2900万元,单位处理成本2.85元/吨污水。运行稳定、工艺成熟可靠、管理方便,系统运行效果良好,出水水质稳定可以达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)中的一级A类排放标准。     

抗生素制药废水的提标改造

抗生素一般通过发酵工艺制备,制备过程中产生的废水具有COD高、SS高、成分复杂等特点。采用预处理+生化+臭氧氧化组合工艺对抗生素生产废水进行处理,处理后的废水达到发酵类制药工业水污染物排放标准。废水处理过程中,先利用Ca(OH)2调节废水的pH至碱性,杀菌的同时进行絮凝沉淀降低废水中的SS以及TP,后进入IC厌氧-2级A/O生化单元进行处理。生化出水的COD难以达到排放要求,采用臭氧氧化工艺对废水进行深度处理后,COD达标排放,经过一个月连续运行,出水的COD为75 mg/L、氨氮为5.8 mg/L、总磷为0.2mg/L。     

IC+好氧MBR+BAF组合工艺处理中药废水的应用

某中药集团生产废水属于提取类废水,具有有机物和悬浮物浓度高,色度高,水质、水量变化大,生化性好等特点。结果表明:采用IC+好氧MBR+BAF组合工艺能有效去除该类型废水中的污染物。该工艺稳定性强,处理效果好,出水达到《GB 21906-2008中药类制药工业水污染物排放标准》表2新建企业水污染物排放限值。CODCr、NH3-N、SS、色度去除率分别为99.3%、92%、97.5%、96%。     

兼氧-两级A/O-“UF+RO”膜分离-Fenton氧化工艺处理化学合成制药废水

采用兼氧-两级A/O-"UF+RO"膜分离-Fenton氧化工艺处理化学合成制药废水,在进水COD平均约6 420 mg/L、NH3-N质量浓度平均约109 mg/L的情况下,处理出水水质达到化学合成类制药工业水污染物排放标准(GB 21904-2008)新建企业水污染物排放标准,COD和NH3-N的平均去除率分别为98.3%、86.2%。     

生猪屠宰企业废水处理工程实例

屠宰废水是一种量大面广的高浓度有机废水,结合类似废水处理的工程经验和实验研究结果,本工程采用"厌氧反应器+Bardenpho+Fenton氧化"的主体工艺对此类废水进行处理。实际运行结果表明,该工艺处理效果好,运行稳定,最终出水水质能够达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)中一级A规定的排放标准。     

铁碳+芬顿法在化学原料药生产废水工程应用

针对化学原料药生产废水的特点,通过分质预处理+铁碳反应+芬顿反应+UASB+A/O法处理该类废水,可确保出水达标排放。该工艺有技术可靠、工艺成熟稳妥、处理效率高、运转成本低等特点。实践结果也表明,该工艺可使CODCr去除率≥99%,NH3-N≤30 mg/L,CODCr≤450mg/L,达到《化学合成类制药工业水污染物排放标准》(GB21904-2008)中的排放标准。     

某精细化工企业废水处理工程实例

针对某精细化工企业生产废水的不同水质特点，将废水进行分类收集，根据不同处理需求，选择“蒸馏+隔油+Fenton氧化”工艺对高盐废水、树脂脱附废水进行预处理，选择“隔油+Fenton氧化”工艺对高浓废水、废气洗涤水进行预处理，预处理后废水再与其他低浓水按照一定比例复配，满足生化进水要求后，采用“水解酸化+两级A/O+混凝沉淀”工艺处理综合废水。该工艺不仅适合较复杂的水质处理，还适合应对波动性大的生产工况；预处理效果显著，综合出水可稳定达标。实际运行效果证明，综合废水COD、氨氮、总氮去除率分别达到85%、80%、75%及以上，处理排放水质远低于园区污水处理厂接管标准，其他特征指标也满足《化学工业水污染物排放标准》（DB32/939—2020）表4有机特征污染物排放标准。     

"ABR+UBF+A/O"工艺处理中药废水工程实例

根据河南郑州某中药生产企业废水的排放特点和水质,并结合类似废水处理的实际工程经验及实验研究结果,确定采用"混凝沉淀+ABR(厌氧折流板反应器)+UBF(上流式污泥床过滤器)+曝气沉淀+A/O"的主要处理工艺及"曝气生物滤池+过滤"的深度处理工艺对其进行处理。实际运行结果表明,最终处理出水水质能够稳定达到《中药类制药工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 21906—2008)表2规定的排放标准。     

一种线路板废水处理工艺

环保对线路板废水排放提出了越来越严格的要求。针对线路板废水不能稳定达标排放的问题,本设计就各种工艺的特点、经济性等多方面进行了比较,结合本设计废水特点,选择预处理+深度处理工艺对废水进行处理。预处理采用酸化、混凝沉淀等工艺,深度处理采用Fenton氧化+曝气生物滤池组合工艺,进一步降解COD、铜。通过处理,该厂废水将能达到《电镀水污染物排放标准》排放标准。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.