基于S型加减速的自适应前瞻NURBS曲线插补算法

为实现加工过程中进给速度和加速度的平滑过渡,减小其突变时对机床的冲击,更好地保证加工精度,提出一种基于S型加减速的前瞻自适应非均匀有理B样条曲线插补算法.该算法根据弓高误差的要求,确定出各插补点的自适应进给速度及位置参数,然后找出速度改变点及其等速区间.为避免相邻速度改变点间加减速过程的互相影响,分别在插补前瞻距离和预前瞻距离内,根据设备允许的最大加速度、加加速度以及S型加减速算法对各速度改变点参数进行分析,筛选出决定加减速过程的关键点,再进行S型加减速控制,使进给速度和加速度得以平滑过渡,从而满足机床加减速能力的要求.仿真结果表明,该算法能够满足高速高精度的要求,验证了其可行性.     

NURBS曲线S型加减速反向修正插补算法研究

为了克服传统算法中减速点难以确定,轮廓误差较大的缺点,提出了反向修正插补算法。将分段后的曲线逐段取出,利用S型加减速算法进行速度规划,并对速度敏感点进行校正,在速度校验点处反向提取存储值进行正向插补,并根据速度波动率构造插补函数,基于Newton-Leibniz公式计算插补参数。仿真实验表明该方法在速度敏感点处速度、加速度、加加速度不超限,使插补误差保持在规定的范围之内,保证了加工质量。     

全程S曲线加减速控制的自适应分段NURBS曲线插补算法

为满足现代数控加工的高速度、高精度要求,提出基于7段式S曲线加减速全程规划的NURBS曲线自适应分段插补算法。该算法根据NURBS曲线几何形状将其自适应分段,并计算曲线段各项参数值、对应S曲线加减速规划(速度规划为17种类型)中加减速类型和自适应调整速度曲线加减速时间。在固定插补周期下,与单独自适应算法、5段式S曲线加减速控制方法的仿真结果相比,在满足加速度与加加速度限制条件,且最大弦高误差不超过0.5μm时,该算法插补精度高于单独自适应算法,与5段式S曲线加减速控制方法近似,且其全程平均进给速度比5段式S曲线加减速控制方法平均进给速度提高21.7%,达到594mm/s。     

一种自适应B样条插补算法研究

针对复杂轮廓零件数控加工的实际要求,设计了一种在可控弦高误差插补算法基础上加入前瞻功能的自适应非均匀B样条插补算法.该方法能够根据曲线的形状,自适应地调整进给速度,保持速度平稳,并通过前瞻模块在速度变化敏感区域对加减速进行处理,满足机床加减速要求.     

综合多约束条件优化连续轨迹前瞻算法

针对现有连续轨迹插补算法在加工过程中会出现法向加速度和轨迹误差超限现象,导致加工效率及加工精度低等问题。为此,提出一种基于综合多约束条件(Comprehensive multi-constraints, CMC)和前瞻技术的优化连续轨迹前瞻算法。该算法先用弓高误差和法向加速度作为约束限制圆弧加工的最大进给速度;综合运动矢量关系、系统动力学性能和轨迹段长等约束条件,计算获得最优的轨迹段间衔接点速度;根据速度前瞻控制与非对称S曲线加减速控制实现对轨迹段间衔接进给速度的平滑处理。试验验证结果表明,所提出的前瞻插补算法输出的法向加速度和轨迹误差不超过系统给定的最大值、合速度平滑过渡、运动轴速度不存在突变,且全程范围内插补输出的轨迹误差最大值小于系统给定的最大弓高误差值;在保证加工效率的同时,提高加工平滑性及加工精度。     

基于de Boor算法的NURBS曲线插补和自适应速度控制研究

以NURBS曲线deBoor递推插补算法为基础，针对NURBS曲线速度处理的特殊性，建立了一种NURBS曲线自适应速度控制模型，该模型分为速度自适应控制和插补前加减速处理两部分。以deBoor算法为基础对整个插补周期的弓高误差以及切向和法向加速度进行实时监控，分析了误差产生的原因并进行了相应的速度控制；以插补前直线加减速为例引入NURBS反向插补的概念，解决了NURBS曲线减速区长度计算问题。实验结果表明，该模型满足实际的NURBS曲线插补的需要。     

基于NURBS曲线的加减速控制方法研究

针对目前参数曲线加减速控制的不足,研究了基于NURBS曲线的插补前抛物线-直线-抛物线的S形加减速自适应控制方法,将高速加工中容易超限的弓高误差、机床所承受的加速度等参数均考虑在内,而且合理地解决了插补前加减速控制中的减速点预测困难的问题。采取优化、简化等快捷算法,实现了实时自适应的NURBS等参数曲线插补的加减速控制,并用实例进行了验证。     

基于NURBS曲线的工业机器人位置插补算法研究

针对直线圆弧插补在线计算量大,样条插补不能描绘自由曲线,提出了一种将NURbS算法应用于工业机器人控制系统的描绘自由曲线的实时高精度插补算法。该算法基于NURbS曲线矩阵表达式,利用插补前分段加减速控制的对称性反向插补预测减速点,整合了Taylor展开式和Adams方法预估曲线参数,通过加减速、弓高误差和法向加速度进行实时步长自适应控制,并由预估-校正进行精度控制。仿真与实验结果表明,该插补算法实时性好,精确度高。     

基于分数次幂多项式的NURBS曲线快速插补方法研究

为减小NURBS曲线插补过程中对机床产生的柔性冲击,针对目前常用的S型速度控制策略中加加速度不连续以及速度变化相对缓慢的问题,在满足加加速度最大值限制的前提下,提出了一种基于分数次幂多项式的速度控制方法。结合加工路径曲率变化设计了前瞻算法计算加减速位移,自适应确定减速点。仿真结果表明,该方法可以快速提高进给速度,实现加加速度的平滑过渡。     

NURBS曲线高速高精度插补及加减速控制方法研究

为满足非均匀有理B样条曲线高速高精度插补加工的需要,针对目前参数曲线插补加减速控制方法的不足,提出了一种新的控制方法.该方法考虑了高速高精度加工中容易超限的弓高误差和机床所能承受的法向加速度等因素,使进给速度既符合加减速的要求,又能随曲线曲率自适应调整,因而可在提高轮廓加工精度同时,显著地减小加工过程对机床的冲击.同时,采取了改进、简化算法,实现了快速、实时自适应的非均匀有理B样条曲线插补的加减速控制.实例表明,该方法在实时插补过程中,满足了速度和加减速的要求,保证了插补加工的高速与高精度,且实现了速度的平滑过渡.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.