脂肪酸/膨胀珍珠岩/石蜡复合相变材料的制备及其在建筑节能中的应用

采用真空吸附法以膨胀珍珠岩为载体吸附脂肪酸相变材料,然后用石蜡包裹制备了脂肪酸/膨胀珍珠岩/石蜡复合相变材料,并将其掺入砂浆中制备了相变砂浆。DSC及SEM分析表明,脂肪酸进入膨胀珍珠岩微孔后其热性能未受影响,且石蜡的包裹效果良好。相变砂浆的分层度和抗压强度均满足GB/T 20473—2006《建筑保温砂浆》的要求。掺入复合相变材料能有效改善砂浆的热性能,温度最高点的延迟时间达24 min,最大降温幅度达4.5℃。     

癸酸-棕榈酸/膨胀珍珠岩相变石膏热学性能研究

相变储能技术对于提升建筑节能性有显著作用。本文以癸酸-棕榈酸作为相变复合材料,以膨胀珍珠岩作为吸附材料,并以建筑石膏作为胶凝材料,制备了癸酸-棕榈酸/膨胀珍珠岩相变石膏。分别对癸酸-棕榈酸相变复合材料的相变温度和相变焓值、癸酸-棕榈酸/膨胀珍珠岩相变颗粒的热稳定性、癸酸-棕榈酸/膨胀珍珠岩相变石膏的热学性能等进行了测试,分析癸酸-棕榈酸/膨胀珍珠岩相变石膏在建筑墙体中应用的可行性。     

轻质粉刷石膏砂浆的研制及性能分析

粉刷石膏砂浆具有质量轻、微膨胀、导热系数小、与建筑基层连接较紧密等优势。因而以石膏作为胶凝材料、膨胀珍珠岩作为骨料制备轻质粉刷石膏砂浆,采用了正交试验法,研究了不同掺量的建筑石膏、膨胀珍珠岩、纤维素醚及重钙对粉刷石膏砂浆的抗压强度、粘结强度、密度等性能的影响规律,最终确定了粉刷石膏砂浆的配合比。     

定形相变墙体传热性能和力学性能的实验研究

利用液体石蜡-46#石蜡、液体石蜡—月桂酸和癸酸—肉豆蔻酸3种相变材料混合物分别与高密度聚乙烯混合制备定形相变材料.通过直接混合法把定形相变材料加入水泥砂浆制备定形相变墙体.实验研究了相变墙体和普通墙体的传热性能和力学性能.实验结果显示:定形相变墙体表面温度和热流均低于普通墙体;热物性不同的相变材料随着墙体中含量的增加...     

石蜡/膨胀珍珠岩复合相变储能材料的研究

以膨胀珍珠岩为吸附材料,石蜡为相变储能材料,制备了石蜡/膨胀珍珠岩复合相变储能材料;运用扩散-渗出圈法确定了膨胀珍珠岩的最佳吸附量为65%（质量分数,下同）;采用DSC及SEM对最佳吸附量的石蜡/膨胀珍珠岩复合相变储能材料的相转变过程及微观结构进行研究。结果表明：膨胀珍珠岩的内部孔隙基本被石蜡完全填充,其自身成为了密实颗粒;复合相变储能材料的相变温度与石蜡的相变温度基本一致,其相变潜热与对应质量分数下石蜡的相变潜热相当。     

石蜡／膨胀珍珠岩复合相变材料的制备

利用真空吸附法制备了石蜡／膨胀珍珠岩复合相变材料,此相变材料经过差示扫描量热仪、扫描电镜和扩散-渗出圈法测试,结果显示此相变材料具有调温功能,石蜡被吸附到膨胀珍珠岩孔道中并且分布均匀,性能稳定,可以应用到建筑材料中。     

屋面相变砖实验研究

利用相变过程中的潜热,相变材料能在建筑屋面上做隔热应用.利用差示扫描量热仪对石蜡类相变材料进行了实验研究,研究一种液体类有机材料分别与固体石蜡A和固体石蜡B混合制成复合相变材料的相变温度和相变潜热,并进行DSC分析.结果表明,复合相变材料与高密度聚乙烯以70:30的比利用熔融共混法制备定形相变材料,能将复合相变材料包裹住,使其在发生固一液相变过程中不会发生渗漏.且高密度聚乙烯的存在对复合相变材料的热物理性能影响很小.     

相变储能砂浆的制备和力学性能试验研究

以石蜡为相变材料,膨胀珍珠岩做支撑基体,制备了膨胀珍珠岩-石蜡复合相变材料,采用苯丙乳液对复合相变材料封装,利用封装后的复合相变材料替代部分细骨料制备了相变储能砂浆,并对其力学性能进行了试验研究。结果表明:苯丙乳液对复合相变材料有很好的封装作用;随着复合相变材料替代率的增大,相变储能砂浆的力学性能下降;当复合相变材料替代率为70%时,相变储能砂浆的抗压强度为12.7 MPa,满足规范中对建筑围护结构砂浆的要求。研究成果可为相变材料在建筑中的应用提供参考。     

相变石蜡复合膨胀珍珠岩的制备与表征

通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)与差示扫描量热仪(DSC),采用真空吸附法对复合材料微观结构及热性能进行了研究。试验结果表明:经过吸附后,膨胀珍珠岩的所有微孔基本被石蜡填充;复合相变储能材料的相变焓相对于单一石蜡的相变焓有所降低;石蜡与膨胀珍珠岩复合的最佳质量比为3∶1。     

石膏基聚苯颗粒砂浆及其墙板性能试验研究

以轻钢龙骨和钢板网为骨架,石膏基聚苯颗粒砂浆为填充材料制备两种构造形式的新型复合墙板,并对其抗弯承栽性能、隔声性能和耐火性能进行了研究.结果 表明:石膏基聚苯颗粒砂浆的干密度、导热系数和抗压强度均随着聚苯颗粒掺量的增加而降低,且聚苯颗粒的最佳掺量为0.8％;两种构造形式复合墙板的破坏荷栽与自重荷载的比值达到7.0以上;...     

以脱硫石膏为复合胶凝材料基料配制无机保温砂浆

研究了一种以脱硫石膏为复合胶凝材料的基料,以玻化微珠为轻质集料配制而成的保温砂浆的性能及其变化规律.复合胶凝材料由脱硫石膏、矿渣粉、少量水泥和激发剂组成,具备优良的水化硬化特性,其28 d抗压强度能达25 MPa以上.结果表明,以这种复合胶凝材料和玻化微珠共同配制的保温砂浆,其各项性能指标均达到相关标准的要求.同时,因原材料中采用了大量工业废弃物,这种保温砂浆产品的环境效益和社会效益极佳,市场前景广阔.     

脱硫石膏用于自流平砂浆的研究

利用脱硫石膏开展了地面自流平材料试验研究,结果表明,以α半水石膏为基料,掺加石英砂以及减水剂、缓凝剂、消泡剂等外加剂可制备石膏基自流平砂浆,且该自流平砂浆流动度、抗折强度、抗压强度和拉伸黏结强度等主要技术性能指标均达到JC/T 1023—2007《石膏基自流平砂浆》标准要求.     

Manufacture of high heat conductivity resistant clay bricks containing perlite

Different methods have been investigated for achieving heat insulation in the buildings. Manufacturing of high heat conductivity resistant construction materials is an important part of these research efforts. Perlite is an extremely useful material for heat insulation and 70% of the world reserves are located in Turkey. Nearly 65% of the perlite produced today is consumed by the construction industry. Its thermal, lightness, and acoustic insulation properties make perlite an excellent material to be used as lightweight aggregate in brick manufacturing. High heat resistant brick can be produced by adding perlite into the clay in conventional brick manufacturing. In this investigation perlite of Eski?ehir region and clay were collated and fired to form high heat conductivity resistant material. Binding materials such as cement, gypsum, lime, bitumen and clay were used for manufacturing perlite brick. Bricks in standard sizes manufactured at different perlite–clay ratios and unit weight, compressive strength, volume reduction and heat conductivity values were obtained. Then the mixture with the best combination of the properties was determined and cost optimization was described. Results were examined according to combination properties, and specialties of perlite bricks were determined at various weights. As a result, the best mixture was determined as the one containing 30% perlite.     

石蜡-膨胀珍珠岩复合相变材料研究

以石蜡熔合膨胀珍珠岩制备复合相变材料,对复合相变材料的容留量、渗透性以及耐久性进行了研究.研究结果表明,石蜡-膨胀珍珠岩复合相变材料耐久稳定性良好.容留量结果表明浸渍时间为2 h,浸渍温度为50 ℃时,石蜡与膨胀珍珠岩融合较好.     

Effect of expanded perlite on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of lightweight concrete

The main objective of this study is to provide more data on the effects of expanded perlite on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of lightweight concrete. In the experimental program, mixtures were prepared by partially replacing natural aggregate by expanded perlite and as a result, unit weights of lightweight concretes in fresh state varied between 700 and 2000 kg/m³. Water to cement ratio was kept constant in all mixtures. Compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, water absorption and capillarity coefficient of the mixtures were determined. Thermal conductivity of the specimens was also obtained. Test results show that the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity decreases with increasing in perlite content. Water absorption and sorptivity coefficient, however, increase with the higher perlite contents. The test results indicate that the thermal conductivity is substantially improved with the use of perlite and a strong relationship between thermal conductivity and unit weight is obtained.     

膨胀珍珠岩的聚合物改性技术与聚合物保温砂浆

采用适合于工业化大规模连续生产的热雾喷涂法技术制备了聚合物改性膨胀珍珠岩,与普通膨胀珍珠岩相比,改性膨胀珍珠岩的吸水率和强度等性能指标有了显著改善和提高.采用聚合物改性膨胀珍珠岩和多种聚合物改性剂的聚合物保温砂浆具有优越的性能,获得了热工性能和力学性能的最佳平衡,尤其适合于建筑外保温粘贴饰面砖的市场需求,得到了广泛的工程应用.     

Modeling and simulation on the thermal performance of shape-stabilized phase change material floor used in passive solar buildings

Shape-stabilized phase change material (PCM) is a kind of novel PCM. It has the following salient features: large apparent specific heat for phase change temperature region, suitable thermal conductivity, no container. In the present paper, a kind of shape-stabilized PCM floor is put forward which can absorb the solar radiation energy in the daytime and release the heat at night in winter. Therefore, in winter the indoor climate can be improved and the energy consumption for space heating may be greatly reduced. A model of analyzing the thermal performance of this shape-stabilized PCM floor is developed. By using the modeling, the influence of various factors (thickness of PCM layer, melting temperature, heat of fusion, thermal conductivity of PCM, etc.) on the room thermal performance was analyzed. The model was verified by the experimental results. The model and the analysis are helpful for the application of shape-stabilized PCM floor in solar buildings.     

Experimental study of under-floor electric heating system with shape-stabilized PCM plates

This paper put forward a new kind of under-floor electric heating system with shape-stabilized phase change material (PCM) plates. Different from conventional PCM, shape-stabilized PCM can keep the shape unchanged during phase change process. Therefore, the PCM leakage danger can be avoided. This system can charge heat by using cheap nighttime electricity and discharge the heat stored at daytime. In the present work, the thermal physical properties of shape-stabilized PCM developed by us were measured. A prototype room with this system was set up in Beijing to testify its thermal performance and feasibility of this heating mode. The results show that temperature of the PCM plates upper surface can be kept near the phase transition temperature in whole day and a lot of off-peak period electricity can be used for space heating in stead of using peak period electricity, which obviously lowers the electricity tariff.     

玻化微珠保温砂浆配合比的正交试验研究

通过正交试验,研究了膨胀珍珠岩与玻化微珠复合骨料、粉煤灰、聚丙烯纤维和引气剂对保温砂浆的物理、力学性能以及保温性能的影响。用膨胀珍珠岩与玻化微珠按适宜比例配合组成复合骨料来制备保温砂浆,可有效改善骨料颗粒级配,降低砂浆的干密度,提高强度。掺加粉煤灰,不仅可降低砂浆的干密度,而且可有效降低成本。在砂浆中掺入聚丙烯纤维可有效提高砂浆的抗折强度。引气剂的掺入可以进一步降低砂浆的干密度,改善其保温性能,同时也可提高砂浆的流动性。     

A novel montmorillonite-based composite phase change material and its applications in thermal storage building materials

A novel composite phase change material (PCM) was prepared by blending an organic PCM with an organic-modified montmorillonite. The thermal characteristics of the composite PCM were close to those of the pure PCM, and 1500 times heating–cooling cycles test showed that the composite PCM had good performance stability. Compared with the pure PCM, the composite PCM exhibited higher heat transfer rate owing to the combination with montmorillonite. The composite PCM had a good compatibility with gypsum powders, and the composite gypsum boards prepared had a function of cutting down energy consumption by decreasing the frequency of internal air temperature swings.