高层建筑地震反应的TLD振动控制

利用调谐液体阻尼器(Tuned Liquid Damper,TLD)对高层建筑地震反应进行振动控制研究.根据Fujino等提出的矩形TLD减振基本原理,建立了TLD中液体动水压力的控制方程,并采用有限差分法对矩形浅水TLD液体动水压力进行数值模拟,然后根据1栋91.0 m的高层建筑实际情况提出几种TLD设计方案,分别对其进行TLD-结构地震作用下的动力分析,比较几种方案的减振效果,确定最佳方案及具体的结构振动控制设计.结果表明,TLD系统对高层建筑地震作用下的加速度反应和位移反应均具有比较好的控制效果.     

用多重TLD减小高层建筑地震反应的控制研究

对高层建筑地震反应进行了多重调频液体阻尼器(MTLDs)控制研究;对高层建筑结构一、二、三主振型反应施加控制,分析了对结构第一、二、三阶主振型分别设置多重TLD体系对减振效果的影响：采用不同的TLD布置方案,得出不同的布置方案对减振效果的影响。     

浅液矩形TLD对地震作用下高层振动的控制

在研究TLD减振耗能机理的基础上，分别分析了TLD的主要设计参数，即频率比、深度比及质量比对控制效果的影响，由此给出了对TLD进行有效设计的主要步骤，说明了只要对TLD各参数合理调整，就可以很好地控制结构在地震作用下的响应。     

强化管理 依法监督

本文给出了圆柱形TLD—钢结构系统的抗震设计方法,导出了圆柱形TLD—钢结构系统等效阻尼比计算公式,分析了振型参与系数的影响,给出了圆柱形TLD—钢结构系统抗震设计步骤及水箱调谐设计算例。     

高耸结构与高层建筑的竖向地震作用

本文采用时程分析法和反应谱法对烟囱、电视塔、高层剪力墙和高层框架等高耸结构与高层建筑的竖向地震反应进行了分析。其结果表明:1.在烈度为8度强的情况下,结构上部竖向地震内力可达到或超过重力内力;下部竖向地震内力可达重力内力的20％—50％。2.高耸结构与高层建筑竖向地震反应以第一振型为主,据此本文给出了计算高耸结构与高层建筑竖向地震作用的公式,可供抗震设计应用。     

高层钢结构建筑-TLD系统的抗震优化设计方法

研究了地震作用下TLD系统最优参数的取值问题。在考虑结构阻尼的情况下采用数值迭代方法 ,给出了TLD系统最优参数的实用设计方法及结构 -TLD系统的设计步骤。     

不对称高层建筑平移-扭转耦连振动的多振型控制研究

本文分析了不对称高层建筑平移-扭转耦连振动的动力特性及其地震作用下的动力反应,根据结构 控制的基本理论提出了用LTIMD控制系统控制不对称高层建筑多阶振型的计算理论及计算方法,编制了相应的 计算机程序。     

高层建筑的地震反应分析

通过ANSYS中的APDL语言编程,实现了高层建筑在地震作用下的反应分析,得到了结构的振型、结构各层位移、各层层间位移和结构各层剪力,以供同类设计和研究参考借鉴.     

高层建筑平移一扭转耦联振动控制系统LTTMD的参数研究

本文分析了不对称高层建筑平移—扭转耦联振动的动力特性及其地震作用下的动力反应；根据结构控制的基本理论提出了用LTTMD控制系统，控制不对称高层建筑多阶振型的计算方法，编制了相应的计算机程序；分析了各参数对LTTMD控制系统减振效果的影响。     

带TLD多层隔震结构的抗震混合控制研究

为进一步减少隔震结构的地震响应,提出调谐液体阻尼器(TLD)与隔震系统联合控制的方法.基于集中质量模型推导出TLD与隔震层联合作用下多层剪切型结构的耦联运动方程,并结合算例进行中震作用下的时程分析.计算结果表明:在设置了隔震层的多层结构体系的顶层增设TLD系统可有效减少主体结构及隔震层的地震位移响应.     

高层钢结构-MTLD系统抗震优化设计方法

为方便工程设计 ,基于导出的结构 -MTLD系统动力放大系数控制指标 ,利用数值分析技术 ,给出了MTLD系统最优设计参数、MTLD系统优化设计步骤和结构 -MTLD系统抗震设计方法。利用时程分析方法 ,给出了钢结构TLD和MTLD地震反应控制设计算例以说明其具体应用。     

五种被动动力减振器对高层建筑脉动风振反应控制的实用设计方法

本文在建立了五种被动的动力减振器 (TMD, TLCD, LCVA, C TLD, R TLD)对高层建筑结构脉动风振反应控制的统一方程的基础上,导出了被动动力减振器对高层建筑脉动风振反应控制效果的等效结构阻尼比的统一计算公式和被动动力减振器优化参数的设计方法。在此基础上,文中依据我国《建筑结构荷载规范》,对设置被动动力减振器的高层建筑提出了抗风设计的荷载风振系数和脉动增大系数的修正公式,从而使被动动力减振器对高层建筑脉动风振反应控制的设计计算可采用常规的规范方法进行,大大方便了广大结构工程师的应用。     

Optimizing parameters of tuned mass damper subjected to critical earthquake

Tuned mass damper (TMD) has been proposed as one of the vibration control methods for rehabilitation of buildings. Because the parameters of TMD can significantly affect the seismic performance of structures, many researches focused on finding the optimum parameters. Because earthquakes are random phenomena and future earthquakes in comparison with past earthquakes may be more destructive, the optimum design of TMD subjected to selected earthquakes can be nonconservative. Hence, the main contribution of this paper is to present the optimal design of TMD for the seismic vibration control of a structure subjected to a critical earthquake that produces the most severe response of a structure. In order to achieve this purpose, the parameters of TMD are optimized through minimizing the maximum displacement of the roof. First, three optimization methods are used to obtain the optimal parameters of TMD for a 10‐story shear building subjected to the critical earthquakes. Finally, the responses of the controlled and uncontrolled buildings such as the roof displacement, strokes, transfer function, and different forms of energy are compared. Results show that the optimum designs of TMD not only effectively reduce the roof displacement but also improve the seismic performance of the building.     

TLD对珠海金山大厦主楼风振控制的设计

本文介绍了矩形浅水ＴＬＤ对珠海金山大厦主楼风振控制的设计。文中根据Ｆｕｊｉｎｏ等提出的矩形浅液ＴＬＤ制振的基本原理建立了ＴＬＤ对高柔结构风振控制的设计方法。并通过对控制力理论效果与试验结果的比较及人造脉动风样本的检验，证明本文方法是确实可行的。据此方法对金山大厦主楼风振控制的设计计算表明，浅水ＴＬＤ对高柔结构风振加速度的控制是十分有效的，它使金山大厦主楼满足了舒适度的抗风设计要求。     

Numerical studies on the application of tuned liquid dampers with screens to control seismic response of structures

Tuned liquid damper (TLD) systems are nowadays increasingly being used as one of the economical and effective passive vibration absorbers. A TLD system consists of a water tank having the fundamental sloshing fluid frequency tuned to the frequency near to the natural frequency of structure. This research focuses on modelling tall buildings equipped with TLDs having inside screens subjected to strong ground motions. Strong excitation can cause wave‐breaking phenomenon and makes turbulent in shallow rectangular tanks which could also contribute to the additional damping due to TLDs. On the other hand, wire screens placed inside a liquid tank can play an important role in reducing the structural response due to increasing the inherent damping of the structure. Based on equalizing dissipated energies, a TLD equipped with internal screens can be modelled by equivalent amplitude‐dependent tuned mass damper (TMD). In this study, adopting this simple method, equations of motion for shear‐type buildings equipped with nonlinear amplitude‐dependent TMDs were developed. A complex modal analysis procedure was used to solve the governing equations. Coupling of TMD properties and structural response was solved with iteration on structural response and updating TMD properties. Performing a set of parametric studies on three proposed tall structures equipped with TLD subjected to different ground excitations showed that if the TLD is tuned to a frequency close to the natural frequency of the structure considering hardening behaviour of TLD, it could significantly reduce the seismic response (displacements and base shears) of the structures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高耸烟囱结构竖向地震响应的模型试验研究及分析

为了研究高耸烟囱在竖向地震作用下的动力响应特性,对180m钢筋混凝土烟囱和45m砖烟囱分别进行了1:40和 1:15比尺的振动台模拟试验研究,并采用波动理论对试验模型进行了动力比较分析。试验和理论分析结果表明:竖向地 震作用下,高耸烟囱的地震响应以一阶竖向振动为主,最大应变随地震烈度的增加逐渐从顶部附近向下移动到1／3-1／2 高度附近;水平地震作用下高耸烟囱以二阶以上振型振动为主,最大应变部位在2／3高度附近。针对烟囱结构薄弱部位随 地震烈度的变化情况,进一步阐明了计算高柔结构和特定条件下某些结构的竖向地震作用的必要性。     

Mass ratio factor in control performance of optimum tuned liquid dampers

Tuned liquid dampers provide structure control with the help of the liquid mass in tanks that are attached to the structure. The mass ratio affects the optimum tuned liquid damper (TLD) parameters. This study examines the effect of mass ratio on the control performance of TLD devices in providing seismic control of structures with different damping ratios. For this purpose, TLD devices with different mass ratios were placed on two different single-story steel and reinforced concrete structure models, and their performance under earthquake excitation was investigated. TLD parameters for obtaining the optimum displacement level in the 0.5- and 1.0-s structure natural period for both structure types were optimized with the Jaya algorithm (JA), which is a metaheuristic algorithm. By using the optimum TLD parameters, the structural displacement and total acceleration values were obtained by the critical earthquake analysis. When the results are examined, it is understood that TLD mass increase from a 20% mass ratio for both structure types and selected structure periods does not have a significant effect on TLD control performance.     

关于设计反应谱、时程法和能量方法的探讨

强震地面运动长周期分量对超高层建筑和大跨巨型结构具有重要影响,而现行的振型分解反 应谱法所采用的设计反应谱具有明显的局限性,基于地震加速度的结构动力方程式亦无法正确地估 计这种影响。本文探讨了采用速度反应谱和位移反应谱分析的可行性;对结构时程分析法的工程应 用价值和可操作性提出看法。讨论了能量方法的理论意义和实用价值,建立瞬时能量与结构最大地 震位移反应的关系,从而为结构地震反应分析和破坏准则,提供具有工程实用意义的新途径。