d-生物素中间体氧化工艺改进

6-[(3S,7S,7aR)-3-苯基-5-酮基-6-苄基-四氢咪唑并[1,5-c]噻唑-7-基]6-羟基己酸(a)在催化剂N-羟基邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NHPI)存在下,用分子氧氧化制备6-[(3S,7S,7aR)-3-苯基-5-酮基-6-苄基-四氢-1H-咪唑并[1,5-c]噻唑-7-基]-6-酮基己酸(b)的工艺,考察了催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间、通氧速率、搅拌速度等因素对化合物(b)产率的影响。在较佳的实验条件下,化合物(b)收率达92%以上。     

艾代拉里斯中间体(S)-2-(1-氨基丙基)-5-氟-3-苯基-4(3H)-喹唑啉酮三氟乙酸盐的合成及晶体结构表征

以2-氨基-6-氟苯甲酸和L-2-(叔丁氧羰基氨基)丁酸为起始原料,经环合反应,得到(S)-(1-(5-氟-4-氧代-4H-苯并[d][1,3]-嗪-2-基)-丙基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯;再与苯胺发生胺酯交换反应,得到(S)-(1-(5-氟-4-氧代-苯基-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-2-基)-丙基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯;最后在三氟乙酸的作用下,脱Boc保护基、成三氟乙酸盐,即得标题化合物。其结构通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、X-单晶衍射分析进行表征。     

稠环缩氨基脲衍生物的合成与杀虫活性研究

以4-氯苯乙酸为原料,经环化、氧化、缩合、加氢、酰化反应合成了6个新的具有茚结构的稠环缩氨基脲衍生物,总收率7%～9%。其结构经核磁共振氢谱和高分辨质谱确认正确。初步生物活性测试表明:大多数化合物对多种害虫具有很好的杀虫活性。7-氯-2,3,4a,5-四氢-2-[N-甲氧羰基-N-(4-三氟甲基苯基)氨基甲酰基]茚戊[1,2-e][1,3,4]口恶二嗪-4a-甲酸甲酯(Ⅻb)的活性略高于已商品化杀虫剂茚虫威。     

稠环缩氨基脲衍生物的合成与杀虫活性

以4-氯苯乙酸为原料,经环化、氧化、缩合、加氢、酰化反应合成了6个新的具有茚结构的稠环缩氨基脲衍生物,总收率7%～9%。其结构经核磁共振氢谱和高分辨质谱确认正确。初步生物活性测试表明:大多数化合物对多种害虫具有很好的杀虫活性。7-氯-2,3,4a,5-四氢-2-[N-甲氧羰基-N-(4-三氟甲基苯基)氨基甲酰基]茚戊[1,2-e][1,3,4]口恶二嗪-4a-甲酸甲酯(Ⅻb)的活性略高于已商品化杀虫剂茚虫威。     

替加环素有关物质的合成

根据替加环素的结构和工艺,合成了3个替加环素的有关物质:(4S,4aS,5aR,12aS)-9-硝基-4,7-双(二甲氨基)-3,10,12,12a-四羟基-1,11-二氧代-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-八氢并四苯-2-甲酰胺、(4S,4aS,5aR,12aS)-9-氨基-4,7-双(二甲氨基)-3,10,12,12a-四羟基-1,11-二氧代-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-八氢并四苯-2-甲酰胺、(4R,4aS,5aR,12aS)-4,7-双(二甲氨基)-9-[(叔丁基氨基)乙酰胺基]-3,10,12,12a-四羟基-1,11-二氧代-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-八氢并四苯-2-甲酰胺,并经过MS、1HNMR确证结构,这对于替加环素药品的质量控制具有重要价值。     

头孢三嗪反式异构体合成研究

以头孢主环(6R,7R)-7-氨基-8-氧代-3-[[(1,2,5,6-四氢-2-甲基-5,6-二氧代-1,2,4-三嗪-3-基)硫代]甲基]-5-硫代-1-氮杂双环[4.2.0]辛-2-烯-2-羧酸(7-ACT)为起始原料,与反式活性酯侧链(E)-2-(2-氨基-4-噻唑基)-2-甲氧亚胺-乙酸-2-苯并噻唑硫酯(E-AE)反应作用生成(6R,7R)-7-[2-(2-氨基-4-噻唑基)-(E)-2-(甲氧亚胺)乙酰氨基]-8-氧代-3-[(1,2,5,6-四氢-2-甲基-5,6-二氧代-1,2,4-三嗪-3-基)硫代〗甲基]-5-硫代-1-氮杂双环[4.2.0]辛-2-烯-2-羧酸,然后在丙酮溶液中与异辛酸钠成盐而制得反式头孢三嗪钠。该产品具有良好的稳定性与高纯度,可作为对照品使用。     

吲哚-3-丁酸类衍生物的合成及体外降糖活性研究

以4-苄氧基苯肼盐酸盐及6-氧代庚酸乙酯为原料,经Fischer吲哚环合、还原、酰胺化及水解等步骤得到7个目标化合物。目标化合物的结构均经高分辨质谱、核磁共振氢谱及碳谱确证。采用人肝癌Hep G2细胞来评价所合成目标化合物的体外降糖活性。结果表明,目标化合物均具有一定的降糖活性。其中,4-(5-苄氧基-1-(4-甲磺酰基苯甲酰基)-2-甲基-2,3-二氢-吲哚-3-基)丁酸的降糖活性强于阳性对照二甲双胍,但略微弱于先导化合物GY3。为后续衍生物的设计与合成提供了新思路。     

新型7-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-3H-吡啶并[4',3'∶4,5]噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶酮类Schiff碱的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

以1-甲基-4-哌啶酮为原料,经过Gewald、成环、缩合等反应合成了14个新型7-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-3H-吡啶并[4′,3′∶4,5]噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶酮类Schiff碱,其结构经~1HNMR和MS进行确证。初步的生物活性结果表明,目标化合物对荷尔蒙依赖型乳腺癌细胞MCF-7和三阴性乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231均有抑制活性,半数抑制浓度(IC_(50))值均达到微摩尔级,其中部分化合物的抗肿瘤活性甚至强于阳性药物5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)和他莫昔芬。尤其是3-(二茂铁亚胺基)-7-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-3H-吡啶并[4′,3′∶4,5]噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-酮对MCF-7和MDA-MB-231这两种乳腺癌细胞均展现出了最强的抑制活性,其IC_(50)分别为10.5、7.1μmol/L;此外,目标化合物对正常的MCF-10A细胞没有毒性,而5-氟尿嘧啶和他莫昔芬有毒性。     

新型4-取代苯氧基喹啉类化合物的设计、合成及体外活性测试

采用开环并构建五元环状分子内氢键的策略,设计、合成了5个4-取代苯氧基喹啉类化合物,并通过氢谱、碳谱和质谱对其进行了结构确证。体外活性测试结果显示,3-乙酰氨基-4-(3-(三氟甲基)苯氧基)-6-(2-氨基吡啶-5-)喹啉(9a)具有一定的哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(the mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)抑制活性(IC_(50)=5.78μmol/L);3-氨基-4-(3-(三氟甲基)苯氧基)-6-(2-氨基吡啶-5-)喹啉(5c)对肺癌细胞株A549细胞具有中等强度的抗增殖活性(IC_(50)=36.2μmol/L)。     

一种左氧氟沙星半水合物合成工艺的改进

以(S)-(-)-9,10-二氟-2,3-二氢-3-甲基-7-氧代-7H-吡啶并[1,2,3-de][1,4]苯并噁嗪-6-羧酸乙酯(左氟环合酯)为起始原料,与4-甲基哌嗪缩合得(S)-(-)-9-氟-2,3-二氢-3-甲基-10-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)-7-氧代-7H-吡啶并[1,2,3-de][1,4]苯并噁嗪-6-羧酸乙酯,再经氢氧化钠水解,乙醇结晶得左氧氟沙星半水合物;合成工艺操作简单,所用试剂种类少,对环境污染小,适合工业化生产。     

Synthesis of Novel 2-Thiouracil-5-Sulfonamide Derivatives as Potent Inducers of Cell Cycle Arrest and CDK2A Inhibition Supported by Molecular Docking

In an effort to discover potent anticancer agents, 2-thiouracil-5-sulfonamides derivatives were designed and synthesized. The cytotoxic activity of all synthesized compounds was investigated against four human cancer cell lines viz A-2780 (ovarian), HT-29 (colon), MCF-7 (breast), and HepG2 (liver). Compounds 6b,d–g, and 7b showed promising anticancer activity and significant inhibition of CDK2A. Moreover, they were all safe when tested on WI38 normal cells with high selectivity index for cancer cells. Flow cytometric analysis for the most active compound 6e displayed induction of cell growth arrest at G1/S phase (A-2780 cells), S phase (HT-29 and MCF-7 cells), and G2/M phase (HepG2 cells) and stimulated the apoptotic death of all cancer cells. Moreover, 6e was able to cause cycle arrest indirectly through enhanced expression of cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27. Finally, molecular docking of compound 6e endorsed its proper binding to CDK2A, which clarifies its potent anticancer activity.     

Modulation of arachidonic acid distribution by conjugated linoleic acid isomers and linoleic acid in MCF-7 and SW480 cancer cells

The relationship between growth and alterations in arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism in human breast (MCF-7) and colon (SW480) cancer cells was studied. Four different fatty acid preparations were evaluated: a mixture of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers (c9,t11, t10,c12, c11,t13, and minor amounts of other isomers), the pure c9,t11-CLA isomer, the pure t10,c12-CLA isomer, and linoleic acid (LA) (all at a lipid concentration of 16 microg/mL). 14C-AA uptake into the monoglyceride fraction of MCF-7 cells was significantly increased following 24 h incubation with the CLA mixture (P < 0.05) and c9,t11-CLA (P < 0.02). In contrast to the MCF-7 cells, 14C-AA uptake into the triglyceride fraction of the SW480 cells was increased while uptake into the phospholipids was reduced following treatment with the CLA mixture (P < 0.02) and c9,t11-CLA (P < 0.05). Distribution of 14C-AA among phospholipid classes was altered by CLA treatments in both cell lines. The c9,t11-CLA isomer decreased (P < 0.05) uptake of 14C-AA into phosphatidylcholine while increasing (P < 0.05) uptake into phosphatidylethanolamine in both cell lines. Both the CLA mixture and the t10,c12-CLA isomer increased (P < 0.01) uptake of 14C-AA into phosphatidylserine in the SW480 cells but had no effect on this phospholipid in the MCF-7 cells. Release of 14C-AA derivatives was not altered by CLA treatments but was increased (P < 0.05) by LA in the SW480 cell line. The CLA mixture of isomers and c9,t11-CLA isomer inhibited 14C-AA conversion to 14C-prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by 20-30% (P < 0.05) while increasing 14C-PGF2alpha by 17-44% relative to controls in both cell lines. LA significantly (P < 0.05) increased 14C-PGD2 by 13-19% in both cell lines and increased 14C-PGE2 by 20% in the SW480 cell line only. LA significantly (P < 0.05) increased 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoate by 27% in the MCF-7 cell line. Lipid peroxidation, as determined by increased levels of 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-epi-PGF2alpha), was observed following treatment with c9,t11-CLA isomer in both cell lines (P < 0.02) and with t10,c12-CLA isomer in the MCF-7 cell line only (P < 0.05). These data indicate that the growth-promoting effects of LA in the SW480 cell line may be associated with enhanced conversion of AA to PGE2 but that the growth-suppressing effects of CLA isomers in both cell lines may be due to changes in AA distribution among cellular lipids and an altered prostaglandin profile.     

Synthesis and anticancer activity of (R,S)-9-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxathiin-3-ylmethyl)-9H-purines

A series of eleven 2- and 6-substituted (R,S)-9-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxathiin-3-ylmethyl)-9H-purine derivatives was obtained by applying a standard Mitsunobu protocol that led to a six-membered ring contraction from (R,S)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzoxathiepin-3-ol via an episulfonium intermediate. The signal approximately delta=151 ppm, which corresponds to the C4' carbon atom, is unequivocal proof of the N9' regioisomer. The potential of the target molecules as anticancer agents is reflected in their activity against the MCF-7 cancer cell line. The most active compounds have IC(50) values of (6.18+/-1.70) and (8.97+/-0.83) microM. The results indicate that the anticancer activity for the most active compounds is correlated with their capacity to induce apoptosis.     

Discovery of Potent Inhibitors of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases 7 and 9: Design,Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationship Analysis and Biological Evaluation

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) 7 and 9 are deregulated in various types of human cancer and are thus viewed as therapeutic targets. Accordingly, small-molecule inhibitors of both CDKs are highly sought-after. Capitalising on our previous discovery of CDKI-73, a potent CDK9 inhibitor, medicinal chemistry optimisation was pursued. A number of N-pyridinylpyrimidin-2-amines were rationally designed, chemically synthesised and biologically assessed. Among them, N-(6-(4-cyclopentylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-4-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine was found to be one of the most potent inhibitors of CDKs 7 and 9 as well as the most effective anti-proliferative agent towards multiple human cancer cell lines. The cellular mode of action of this compound was investigated in MV4-11 acute myeloid leukaemia cells, revealing that the compound dampened the kinase activity of cellular CDKs 7 and 9, arrested the cell cycle at sub-G1 phase and induced apoptosis.     

Design,Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Derivatives of Curcuminoids with Cytotoxicity

Curcumin and curcuminoids have been discussed frequently due to their promising functional groups (such as scaffolds of α,β-unsaturated β-diketone, α,β-unsaturated ketone and β′-hydroxy-α,β-unsaturated ketone connected with aromatic rings on both sides) that play an important role in various bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferation and anticancer activity. A series of novel curcuminoid derivatives (a total of 55 new compounds) and three reference compounds were synthesized with good yields using three-step organic synthesis. The anti-proliferative activities of curcumin derivatives were examined for six human cancer cell lines: HeLaS3, KBvin, MCF-7, HepG2, NCI-H460 and NCI-H460/MX20. Compared to the IC₅₀ values of all the synthesized derivatives, most α,β-unsaturated ketones displayed potent anti-proliferative effects against all six human cancer cell lines, whereas β′-hydroxy-α,β-unsaturated ketones and α,β-unsaturated β-diketones presented moderate anti-proliferative effects. Two potent curcuminoid derivatives were found among all the novel derivatives and reference compounds: (E)-5-hydroxy-7-phenyl-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)hept-1-en-3-one (compound 3) and (1E,4E)-1,7-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)hepta-1,4-dien-3-one (compound MD12a). These were selected for further analysis after the evaluation of their anti-proliferative effects against all human cancer cell lines. The results of apoptosis assays revealed that the number of dead cells was increased in early apoptosis and late apoptosis, while cell proliferation was also decreased after applying various concentrations of (E)-5-hydroxy-7-phenyl-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)hept-1-en-3-one (compound 3) and (1E,4E)-1,7-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)hepta-1,4-dien-3-one (compound MD12a) to MCF-7 and HpeG2 cancer cells. Analysis of the gene expression arrays showed that three genes (GADD45B, SESN2 and BBC3) were correlated with the p53 pathway. From the quantitative PCR analysis, it was seen that (1E,4E)-1,7-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)hepta-1,4-dien-3-one (compound MD12a) effectively induced the up-regulated expression of GADD45B, leading to the suppression of MCF-7 cancer cell formation and cell death. Molecular docking analysis was used to predict and sketch the interactions of the GADD45B-α,β-unsaturated ketone complex for help in drug design.     

N-苄基吲哚类熊果酸衍生物的合成及抗肝癌活性

为开发高效低毒的抗肝癌天然产物衍生物,依据药物拼合原理设计并合成了一系列未见文献报道的熊果酸衍生物.将熊果酸与不同取代的N-苄基吲哚片段通过Claisen-Schmidt缩合反应得到目标化合物,其化学结构均经过核磁氢谱、核磁碳谱以及质谱的联合确证.采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法考察其体外抗肝癌活性,结果表明,2-{[1-(2-...     

Chiral salicyl diamines: potent anticancer molecules

A set of 12 enantiomeric diamine-based small molecules was synthesized and screened for anticancer activity against five human cancer cell lines: NCI-H460, A549, MCF-7, SK-BR-3, and T-47D. The salicyl diamino compounds (1-6) were found to induce inhibition of the growth of cancer cells at submicromolar concentrations. The lead compound, N,N'-bis-salicyl-(1R,2R)-diaminocyclohexane (1) displayed single-reagent anticancer activity with an IC(50) value equal to or less than 2.0 microM in H460 and A-549 cancer cells. SRB and colony formation assays indicated that compound 1 shows greater cytotoxic activity toward MCF-7 cells than MCF-10A cells. Real-time RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that compound 1, is an extremely efficient regulator of antiapoptotic genes, Bcl-xL, Bcl-2, and the cell cycle related gene, cyclin D1. This study provides a new insight into the development of novel small molecules in the treatment of human breast cancers.     

Synthesis and anticancer activity of the (R,S)-benzofused 1,5-oxathiepine moiety tethered to purines through alkylidenoxy linkers

Herein we report the design, synthesis, and anticancer activity of a series of substituted (R,S)-9-[2- or 3-(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzoxathiepine-3-yloxy)alkyl]-9H-purines. Derivatives with propylenoxy-linked 2',6'-dichloro- and 6'-bromopurines are more active than their respective ethylenoxy-linked purine conjugates. On the other hand, the compound with a propylenoxy-linked 6'-chloropurine is nearly equipotent to the corresponding ethylenoxy-linked conjugate. Our results show that bromo- and chloropurine-conjugated benzoxathiepines containing a propylenoxy linker are able to inhibit PI3 kinase (PI3K) phosphorylation in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, indicating that the activation of eIF2α, together with inhibition of the PI3K pathway, is the mechanism of action by which these compounds effect their antitumor activity in the MCF-7 cell line; apoptosis was induced in a p53-independent manner.     

Novel Pyrimidine Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents: Synthesis,Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Study

In the present paper, new pyrimidine derivatives were designed, synthesized and analyzed in terms of their anticancer properties. The tested compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antitumor activity. The cytotoxic effect on normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) was also determined. According to the results, all the tested compounds exhibited inhibitory activity on the proliferation of all lines of cancer cells (colon adenocarcinoma (LoVo), resistant colon adenocarcinoma (LoVo/DX), breast cancer (MCF-7), lung cancer (A549), cervical cancer (HeLa), human leukemic lymphoblasts (CCRF-CEM) and human monocytic (THP-1)). In particular, their feature stronger influence on the activity of P-glycoprotein of cell cultures resistant to doxorubicin than doxorubicin. Tested compounds have more lipophilic character than doxorubicin, which determines their affinity for the molecular target and passive transport through biological membranes. Moreover, the inhibitory potential against topoisomerase II and DNA intercalating properties of synthesized compounds were analyzed via molecular docking.     

Discovery of Novel Polycyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinols from the Fruits of Garcinia xanthochymus as Antitumor Agents by Suppressing the STAT3 Signaling

Pharmacologic studies have revealed that polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) collectively exhibit a broad range of biological activities, including antineoplastic potential. Here, six new PPAPs, named garcixanthochymones F–K (3, 5, 7, 8, 11, and 15), together with nine known analogues were isolated from the fruits of Garcinia xanthochymus. Their structures were elucidated based on the spectroscopic data, including UV, HRESIMS, and NMR, and quantum chemical calculations. All the isolated PPAPs were tested for anti-proliferative activity against four human tumor cell lines, including SGC7901, A549, HepG2, and MCF-7. Most of the PPAPs possessed high anti-proliferative activity with IC₅₀ values in the range of 0.89 to 36.98 μM, and significant apoptosis was observed in MCF-7 cells exposed to compounds 2 and 5. Besides, docking results showed that compounds 2 and 5 could strongly combine with the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of STAT3 via hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction, which is one of the key oncogenes and crucial therapeutic targets. Furthermore, compounds 2 and 5 efficiently downregulated the expression of p-STAT3^Tyr705 and pivotal effector proteins involved in oncogenic signaling pathways of MCF-7 cells.