Preparation and Characterization of Zinc Aluminosilicate Transparent Glass-Ceramics

Zinc aluminosilicate glasses containing Li2 O, ZnO , Al2O3 and SiO2 were prepared by conventional melting and quenching technique, and subsequently converted to transparent glass-ceramics by controlled nucleation and crystallization. The glass was melted in a platinum crucible at 1 600 ℃ for 2 h and then two-step heat treated for the nucleation and the crystal growth. The nucleation and crystallization temperatures were determined by differential thermal analysis. Specimens heat-treated on different schedules were analyzed by the X-ray diffraction to determine crystalline phases. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the glass-ceramics morphology, the grain size and distribution in the residual glass matrix. The reorganization of the amorphous solid was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The transmittance was measured by a UV-Vis-NIR scanning spectrophotometer .     

Effect of nucleating agents on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiO_2-Al_2O_3-ZrO_2 glass-ceramics

1INTRODUCTION Glass ceramicsarepolycrystallinematerials composedofatleastonecrystallinephaseanda vitreousmatrixphase,whichisproducedbythe controlledcrystallization.Wide rangingproperties ofglass ceramicscanbemodifiedinapredictable waybycontrollingthechemicalcompositionsand heattreatmentschedule[16].Al2O3SiO2ZrO2sys temisseldomreportedduetothehighmelting temperature.ZrO2,TiO2andP2O5arecommon nucleatingagents.Inglass ceramics,ZrO2isanef fectivenucleatingagentduetothecharacteristics ofh…     

Effects of nucleating additives on crystallization and properties of CaO-B2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics

ZrO₂, TiO₂ and P₂O₅ were doped in CaO-B₂O₃-SiO₂ glass-ceramics as nucleating additives. Effects of different nucleating additives on the phase separation and crystalline behaviors were investigated by using gradient temperature furnace, DTA and XRD. Then, sintering process of the glass-ceramics was investigated by testing sintering shrinkage, dielectric constant and loss. The experimental results shows that the glass-ceramics doped with nucleating additives represents higher crystallization, with ZrO₂ as an exceptional effective dopant to promote the precipitation of wollastonite crystal. Finally, ZrO₂ containing glass-ceramics was chosen to study the influence of sintering temperature and soaking time with the help of X-ray diffraction analysis and density measurement. The glass-ceramics can be well consolidated at 850 °C for 10 min, with low dielectric constant (5.87) and loss (3.21 × 10⁻⁴), which is desirable for LTCC application.     

Effect of nucleating agent on the crystallization of tailings glass ceramics prepared by one-time sintering

Glass ceramics was made by the one-time sintering method using the main raw material of iron tailings. On the basis of quaternary system of CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂, using DTA, XRD and SEM, the effects of different nucleating agents and mixing amounts as well as heat treatment on the crystallization of tailings glass ceramics were studied. The experimental results show that, nucleating agent and heat treatment are two necessary conditions for one-time sintering preparation of tailings glass ceramics namely, only adding nucleating agent or experiencing heat treatment, the quaternary system can not crystallize. The composite nucleating agent consisting of Cr₂O₃ and TiO₂ can further lead to the crystallization of the CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ quaternary system at the lower temperature, with the major phase of diopside. In the range of mass content, 0%–4%, crystal intensity and crystal content grow. But when mass content is more than 4%, the crystal size will become coarser and the crystal distribution will be less regular. Different heat treatment regimes do not change the composition of the crystalline major phase in the glass ceramics crystallization of CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ system. In the range of 30–60 minutes, with the extension of nucleation and crystallization, crystallization degree enhanced, but if the holding time surpasses 60 minutes, the crystallization is worse. Funded by The National Key Technology R & D Program of China for the 11^th Five-Year Plan(2006BAJ04A04)     

Effect of nucleating agents on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 glass-ceramics

SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 glasses with different nucleating agents were crystallized under special processing schedule. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the glass-ceramics in SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 system were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and three-point bending method. The results show that ZrO2 is not an effective nucleating agent in SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 system, while TiO2 is effective for the separation of spinel, and P2O5 facilitates solubility of ZrO2 in glass and crystallization. The main crystalline phases of the glass-ceramics are spinel, anorthite and tetragonal zirconia. With the increase of ZrO2 content in the glass, glass-ceramics show higher bending strength （120 MPa） than others.     

Effect of crystallization of CaO—P2O5—SiO2—MgO—F^— glass—ceramics on its mechanical properties

The microstructure of CaO-P2O5-SiO2-MgO-F glass-ceramics during crystallization were investigated and the crystallized phases were identified with DTA(Differential Thermal Analysis),SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope) and XRD(X-ray Diffraction) techniques,The mechanical properties such as bending strength and fracture toughness,as well as their changes with advancing crystallization were determined.The results show that the changes of the mechanical properties are correlated with the microstructures,The sample heated up to 810℃ and soaked for 4h has smaller crystalline size and less volum fraction of fluorophlogopite,so it has higher bending strength (about 190MPa),and higher crack toughness(about 2.63 MPa.m^1/2).     

成核剂对热致相分离法聚丙烯多孔膜结构及透过性能的影响

研究了等规聚丙烯(iPP),/邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)/邻苯二甲酸二-2-乙基己酯(DOP)/成核剂体系的热致相分离行为.成核剂为TM-I或己二酸.利用热台偏光显微镜测定试样的液-液相分离温度,采用示差扫描量热仪(DSC)测定成核剂的成核效应.通过控制冷却速率.加热模压制备iPP多孔膜,并对膜结构与透过性能进行了表征.发现当共溶剂组成和铸膜液固含量恒定时,加入少量成核剂,不影响体系液-液相分离温度,但动态结晶温度、晶粒尺寸、结晶速率、结晶范围、结晶度等结晶学参数发生变化;发现成核剂能改变多孔腱结构.并明显影响多孔膜的透过性能.     

由白云石制备透明碳酸镁工艺研究

研究了以白云石为原料制备透明碳酸镁的生产工艺及操作条件     

Effect of heat treatments on tensile properties and microstructure of 2195 alloy

Effect of various aging treatments on the tensile properties and microstructure of 2195 alloy has been investigated. The experimental results show that promising combination of strength and ductility is achievable under T₈ temper. The lower aging temperature reduces T₁ precipitation on the subgrain or grain boundaries and favors uniform dispersion of T₁ phases in the matrix, resulting in better strength and ductility. Prior deformation before aging has improved tensile strength with a slight decrease in ductility. Pre-aging after prior deformation had little effect on the age-hardening behavior of 2195 alloy. Project supported by the Key Program of the 9th Five-year Plan of China Synopsis of the first author Zheng Ziqiao, professor, born in 1944, major research fields: physical metallurgy of aluminum alloys; functionally gradient materials; self-propagation high temperature synthesis.     

Influence of ZrO_2 on sintering and crystallization of CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 glass-ceramics

1INTRODUCTION Nowadays,glassresearchersandarchitecture designersbecomeinterestedinthesinteringglass ceramics,anewlyappearingmaterialforarchitec turaldecoration[13].Comparedwithnaturalstone materials,sinteringglass ceramicsdecoratedmate rialshavethefollowingadvantages:densestruc tureandhighstrength.Itsbasicglasscomponents belongtoCaO Al2O3SiO2system.Becausenonu cleationagentisrequired,thissystemisattributed tothesuperficialcrystallizationmechanismofglass[4].Theproductionprocessofsinteri…     

热处理对聚甲醛/聚氧化乙烯共混材料结晶行为和力学性能的影响

在聚甲醛(POM)/聚氧化乙烯(PEO)共混改性材料的成型加工过程中,采用了3种不同的热处理方法来改变共混材料的结晶形为,并且分析了对力学性能的影响.结果表明:共混材料在POM结晶温度下保温2h,然后在PEO结晶温度下保温2 h,共混材料中POM的结晶度最大,PEO没有结晶,POM和PEO之间的分子作用力增强,有利于吸收能量增加韧性,因此可以获得综合力学性能良好的POM/PEO共混材料.     

热处理对挤压变形AZ61镁合金力学性能的影响

研究了几种热处理对挤压变形AZ61镁合金力学性能的影响，得出：经过固溶处理及固溶+时效处理可以使强度有所降低，但塑性提高较大，而单纯的时效处理则不能使强度降低；在挤压变形状态下，试验温度对冲击韧性的影响不大，固溶处理可以提高室温下的冲击韧性，但在低温下两者基本相同.而其它几种处理则使冲击韧性降低，并且这种冲击韧性的降低程度随着试验温度的降低而减小.     

TiO2和Cr2O3作晶核剂制取粉煤灰微晶玻璃晶化行为的研究

研究了以TiO2和Cr2O3为晶核剂制取粉煤灰微晶玻璃的晶化行为,运用DTA、XRD、SEM等测试方法,观察了制品中的晶相种类、含量和微晶体发育形貌,分析了基础玻璃的化学组成、热处理方法和晶核剂对晶化行为的影响.研究表明:利用粉煤灰可以生产透辉石为主晶相的微晶玻璃,粉煤灰掺量可达40%以上.晶核剂种类和基础玻璃的化学组成对析晶行为和晶相种类有重要影响,熔制工艺和热处理方法也会影响析晶行为,本研究的玻璃基础组成有利于透辉石晶体的生成.     

Effect of quaternary ammonium salts on flotation behavior of aluminosilicate minerals

The electrokinetic properties and flotation of diaspore,kaolinite,pyrophyllite and illite with quaternary ammonium salts collectors were studied.The results of flotation tests show that the collecting ability of quaternary ammonium salts for the four minerals is in the order(from strong to weak)of octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride(ODBA),cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB),dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(DTAC).Under the condition of alkalescence,it is possible to separate the diaspore from the silicate minerals such as kaolinite,illite and pyrophyllite using quaternary ammonium salts as collector.Isoelectric points(IEP)of diaspore,kaolinite,pyrophyllite and illite are pH=6.0,3.4,2.3 and 3.2,respectively.Quaternary ammonium salts can change ζ-potential of the aluminosilicate minerals obviously.The flotation mechanisms were explained by ζ-potential and Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FT-IR)measurements.The results demonstrate that only electrostatic interaction takes place between aluminosilicate     

碳化液组成对溶析结晶过程的影响

为解决当前氨法脱碳技术中存在的再生能耗高、氨逃逸、反应后期吸收率低等弊端,提出一种溶析法强化低碳化度氨水结晶工艺.低碳化度氨水结晶可以使吸收速率维持在较高水平,采用晶体产物进行热解再生,既可以实现再生能耗的降低,又可以解除再生能耗对于氨水浓度的限制,可以解决当前氨法脱碳技术中存在的问题.采用半连续鼓泡反应系统进行基础研究,分析不同实验工况对于碳化液组成的影响,以及不同碳化液组成对溶析结晶过程的影响,考察试验工况对结晶收率的影响.结果表明,不同试验工况下产生的碳化液对结晶收率有很大的影响.吸收温度为20℃,气体流量为2 L/min,CO2体积分数为28%以及氨水质量浓度为10%有利于结晶过程.     

Influences of heat treatments on crystallization in SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>-Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>-MgO-K<Subscript>2</Subscript>O-F glass-ceramics

Five kinds of heating treatment processing were chosen according to the experiment result of differential scanning calorimeter to prepare SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-K2O-F glass ceramics samples.The effects of heat treatment processing on the crystallization of these samples were explored by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques.The results indicate that phase separations can occur in the bulk regions of the glass sample when holding at 670 ℃ for 3 h.The phase separation can accelerate the precip...     

Effects of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ZA84 magnesium alloy

The effects of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ZA84 (Mg-8Zn-4Al-0.25Mn) alloy were investigated. The results indicate that the as-cast microstructure of the alloy is mainly composed of α-Mg matrix and two different morphologies of precipitates (continuous and quasi-continuous Mg32(Al,Zn)49 phases and isolated Mg5Al2Zn2 phases). After solid solution treatment at 345°C, the Mg32(Al,Zn)49 phases change from continuous and quasi-continuous net to disconnected acute angle shape,...     

醋酸钙杂质对木糖结晶过程的影响

用不同的二套装置测定木糖溶液的介稳区宽度和晶体生长速率，定量研究了醋酸钙杂质对木糖结晶过程的影响。醋酸钙杂质的存在使木糖溶液介稳区变窄，晶体生长速率加快。并得到木糖溶液的介稳区宽度、晶体生长速率与醋酸钙浓度之间的定量关系为：△θmax=0.41C^2-1.92C 8.96,G=-1.603C^2 5.880C 4.297,上述研究结果，可用于指导木糖的工业化生产，提高木糖的结晶效率。