用于CPT芯片级原子钟的滤波器设计

长期稳定性优化是芯片级原子钟研究的难点问题,本文讨论了在CPT芯片级原子钟长期稳定性优化过程中,滤波器模块的设计原理和要点,并设计了适用于原子钟的巴特沃斯滤波器.最后,基于本实验室所研究的芯片钟系统对该滤波器进行了开环和闭环测试,所得到的千秒稳为6.62×10-12,万秒稳为1.16×10-11,天稳为6.71×10-12.     

星载MEMS原子钟稳频系统的优化及实验研究

简要介绍CPT原子钟工作原理,讨论原子频标的两个重要指标:短期稳定性和频率漂移.对CPT原子钟的锁频伺服控制电路进行系统分析和优化设计,并通过饱和吸收稳频实验验证所设计伺服控制电路的稳频性能,100 s的频率稳定度达到1.6×10-12,有望进一步提高频率稳定性.     

星载MEMS原子钟稳频系统的优化及实验研究

简要介绍CPT原子钟工作原理,讨论原子频标的两个重要指标：短期稳定性和频率漂移。对CPT原子钟的锁频伺服控制电路进行系统分析和优化设计,并通过饱和吸收稳频实验验证所设计伺服控制电路的稳频性能．100s的频率稳定度达到1．6×10^-12,有望进一步提高频率稳定性。     

GPS驯服CPT原子钟方法研究

本文针对全球定位系统（GPS,Global Position System）接收机输出秒脉冲（1PPS,1 Pulse Per Second）信号的特点,以及相干布居囚禁（CPT,Coherent Population Trapping）原子钟输出频率信号的特性,设计并实现了GPS驯服CPT原子钟方案.我们建立了适合抑制1PPS信号抖动的卡尔曼滤波模型,通过理论推导和计算获得了相应噪声参数,并采用卡尔曼滤波器与平均滤波器相结合,对CPT原子钟输出频率实施滤波处理,并用GPS接收机输出的1PPS信号实施频率校准,所实现GPS驯服的CPT原子钟输出频率的中短期频率误差降低半个量级,天频率稳定度提高一个量级.     

Rb^87微型CPT原子钟信号源的设计

相干布局（CPT）原子钟被广泛的应用于通信、导航、电力以及数据传输等各个领域,对国民经济的发展起着举足轻重的作用,因此微型CPT原子钟的研制有着重大的意义。这里针对目前微型CPT原子钟对微波信号源的要求,采用锁相环倍频技术设计了一种中心频率为3.417340GHz的微波信号源,该信号源可以满足Rb87微型CPT原子钟的研制,这为微型CPT原子钟的实现奠定了坚实的基础。     

基于TDC的二级频率标准驯服算法

利用全球定位系统(GPS)接收到的秒脉冲(1PPS),对常见的二级频率源温补晶振(TCXO)和相干布局囚禁(CPT)原子钟驯服开展研究。设计了硬件锁相环的驯服方案,利用时间数字转换器(TDC)测量本地分频1PPS与GPS接收机收到的1PPS时间差,实现本地信号相对GPS时间信号的锁定。锁定之后,TCXO实现了万秒稳定度为8.5×10^-12,驯服后3.5×10⁴ s的平均频率准确度提升至5倍以上。此外,深入研究了CPT原子钟的噪声模型,在Matlab上对其进行仿真,建立起频率白噪声和频率随机游走噪声在阿伦方差曲线上的对应关系,对比了平均滤波和平均滤波+卡尔曼滤波2种滤波测频方案对CPT原子钟的驯服效果,频率稳定度在5×10⁴ s时有一个数量级的提升。     

相干布居陷俘原子钟的发展概况

简述了相干布居陷俘（coherent population trapping,CPT）效应的基本原理,介绍了CPT原子钟的研制概况,包括主要方案、特点及研制水平等,最后展望了CPT原子钟的发展和应用前景。     

基于85Rb的微型化CPT原子钟的设计和实现

介绍基于85Rb原子相干布居囚禁(CPT)现象的微型原子钟的设计与实现,系统以MSP430单片机作为主控芯片,实现电流源、TCXO和射频等功能模块,并与CPT原子钟物理部分实现联调与整机封装,实现了高稳定度、低功耗的小型CPT原子钟。整机体积只有31 cm3,功耗为660 mW,测得10 MHz输出信号稳定度约为2×10-10 s-1,4×10-11/1 000 s。系统采用全宽调制在85Rb的D1线实现CPT原子钟方案,可提升CPT共振谱线对比度,提高原子钟稳定度。     

芯片原子钟——CPT钟研究进展

介绍了基于激光与原子相干布局囚禁(CPT)理论的芯片原子钟(CSAC)钟.该原子钟代表了小型化原子钟未来发展方向,近年来在设计技术、制造工艺以及物理机制方面都取得了较大进展,并实现了芯片级的CPT钟原理样机.预计,在未来3～5年将会有芯片原子钟产品面世.     

相干布居囚禁原子钟光频移性能优化

光频移是影响相干布居囚禁(CPT)原子钟输出频率质量的重要因素之一,优化CPT原子钟光频移特性往往需要很长的调试时间。采用现场可编程门阵列,实现了一种数字正交解调方法,能够方便地优化原子钟与光频移相关工作参数,大大缩短了优化原子钟光频移特性所需时间,减少了调试工作量。该方法应用于原子钟生产可节省产品出厂调试周期和工作量。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first