100nm厚铜薄膜的拉伸性能

以聚酰亚胺为基体制备了厚度为100nm的金属铜薄膜,利用基体的高弹性变形测定了铜薄膜的屈服应力,并研究了铜薄膜的形变与断裂行为．结果表明：使用铜薄膜／聚酰亚胺复合体能够测量出铜薄膜的屈服强度,厚度100nm的铜薄膜的屈服强度明显高于厚铜膜的屈服强度,厚度100nm铜薄膜的断裂为Ⅰ型沿晶断裂．超薄铜薄膜较高的屈服强度归因于小尺度材料中纳米量级的薄膜厚度和晶粒对位错运动的约束作用．     

Atomic-scale magnetometry of distant nuclear spin clusters via nitrogen-vacancy spin in diamond

The detection of single nuclear spins is an important goal in magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Optically detected magnetic resonance can detect single nuclear spins that are strongly coupled to an electron spin, but the detection of distant nuclear spins that are only weakly coupled to the electron spin has not been considered feasible. Here, using the nitrogen-vacancy centre in diamond as a model system, we numerically demonstrate that it is possible to detect two or more distant nuclear spins that are weakly coupled to a centre electron spin if these nuclear spins are strongly bonded to each other in a cluster. This cluster will stand out from other nuclear spins by virtue of characteristic oscillations imprinted onto the electron spin decoherence profile, which become pronounced under dynamical decoupling control. Under many-pulse dynamical decoupling, the centre electron spin coherence can be used to measure nuclear magnetic resonances of single molecules. This atomic-scale magnetometry should improve the performance of magnetic resonance spectroscopy for applications in chemical, biological, medical and materials research, and could also have applications in solid-state quantum computing.     

Optical properties of deep centers in semi-insulating ZnSe

Properties of deep levels in vapor-deposited ZnSe on GaAs have been investigated using transient photocurrent and steady state photocapacitance measurements. A metal/insulator/semiconductor structure was used in the study in which ZnSe formed the insulator. A single dominant deep level in the ZnSe having an energy of E_c ? 1.2 eV was observed over the spectral region 0.5–3.0 eV. The photoionization cross section of the trap at 1.5 eV and 295 K is 7 x 10¹⁶ cm². Trap concentrations in the range 10¹⁶?10¹⁷ cm^?3 were measured in the as-grown material.     

Statistical properties of light reflected and transmitted by a thick horizontally inhomogeneous turbid layer

The paper is devoted to the introduction of simple analytical relationships between statistical distributions of various radiative transfer characteristics for an inhomogeneous turbid layer with the extinction coefficient varying in the horizontal direction. Results are valid for an optically thick light-scattering layer having arbitrary local scattering laws and single-scattering albedos. It is shown that the statistical distribution of the optical thickness can be obtained directly from the measured statistical distribution of the reflectance or transmittance of a horizontally inhomogeneous light-scattering layer.     

Optical properties of lithium titanate as a potential layer in light harvesters

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - Various solar cell architectures and materials are currently studied, seeking enhanced photon management mechanisms. Herein, we provide an...     

Optical properties of fluids for 248 and 193 nm immersion photolithography

We present measured values of the refractive index, thermo-optic coefficient, and absorption coefficient of a number of common organic solvents and aqueous inorganic solutions that may have application in immersion photolithography at 248 or 193 nm wavelengths. The measurements were performed with a laser-based Hilger-Chance refractometer system whose design and operation are described. The optical properties of the sample fluids are compared with those of water, the currently favored immersion medium, and we discuss the potential for finding higher-index fluids that will be suitable for this application.     

Optical properties of PZT thin films deposited on a ZnO buffer layer

The optical properties of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin films deposited on ZnO were studied by m-lines spectroscopy. In order to retrieve the refractive index and the thickness of both layers from the m-lines spectra, we develop a numerical algorithm for the case of a two-layer system and show its robustness in the presence of noise. The sensitivity of the algorithm of the two-layer model allows us to relate the observed changes in the PZT refractive index to the PZT structural change due to the ZnO interface of the PZT/ZnO optical waveguide.     

Optical and magnetic properties of 30 and 60 nm Ni nanowires

Ni nanowire arrays of high aspect ratio with the diameters of about 30 nm and 60 nm were prepared by DC applied AC electrodeposition. We observe the different preferred orientation and various magnetic behaviors of 30 and 60 nm diameter nanowires. In addition, the coercivity H_c(||), squareness S(||) and the ratio H_c(||)/H_c(⊥) where the applied field is parallel (||) and perpendicular (⊥) to the long axis of nanowires increase with decreasing wire diameter. This is the first time that optical results of Ni nanowires were presented.     

Optical properties of a polyimide-fullerene system in the near infrared range (λ=1047 nm)

The optical properties of polyimide sensitized with fullerenes C₆₀ and C₇₀ have been studied for the first time in the near infrared range. It is shown that materials based on the polyimide-fullerene system can be used for limitation of the laser radiation power in this spectral range.     

Optical and structural properties of NiMgO thin films formed by sol-gel spin coating

Ni_1−xMg_xO thin films across the full compositional range were formed by a low-cost sol-gel spin coating method. Optical transmission of the resultant films in the ultraviolet-visible spectral region increased to as high as 90% upon sintering, and X-ray diffraction verified an increase in crystallinity for sintering temperatures up to 1000 °C, with root mean square roughness below 1 nm when sintered between 600 and 800 °C. The lattice parameter of the rock salt Ni_1−xMg_xO films showed a linear shift with increased magnesium concentration, consistent with a Vegard's Law relationship between the two binaries. Optical energy gaps from 3.6 to > 6.5 eV were realized by adjusting the composition of the Ni_1−xMg_xO films, demonstrating the suitability of the ternary for optical devices in the UV-C spectral region.     

Optical properties of nanocrystalline diamond films from mid-infrared to ultraviolet using reflectometry and ellipsometry

The mid-infrared (MIR) reflectance and near-infrared-ultraviolet (NIR-UV) ellipsometric spectra of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films with columnar nanoscale grains, grown on Si (100) substrates, were investigated in the photon region of 0.1–4.7 eV. The experimental spectra could be well reproduced using a single-oscillator model and a four-layer structure (air/surface rough layer/NCD film/Si substrate). The refractive index of the NCD films reached about 96–98% of that of single-crystal diamond at the photon energy of 1.96 eV. According to the Sellmeier model, the lowest direct electronic transition of the NCD material occurs at 6.9 eV, close to the single-crystal diamond value of 7.2 eV.     

Magnetism and spin liquid behavior in a two layer Hubbard model

In this paper we report the results of Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations of a tight binding, correlated electron model consisting of two 2D Hubbard sheets hybridized by an intersheet hopping t. As t increases, a ground state with long range antiferromagnetic order gives way to a spin liquid phase.     

Optical properties of apple skin and flesh in the wavelength range from 350 to 2200 nm

Optical measurement of fruit quality is challenging due to the presence of a skin around the fruit flesh and the multiple scattering by the structured tissues. To gain insight in the light-tissue interaction, the optical properties of apple skin and flesh tissue are estimated in the 350-2200 nm range for three cultivars. For this purpose, single integrating sphere measurements are combined with inverse adding-doubling. The observed absorption coefficient spectra are dominated by water in the near infrared and by pigments and chlorophyll in the visible region, whose concentrations are much higher in skin tissue. The scattering coefficient spectra show the monotonic decrease with increasing wavelength typical for biological tissues with skin tissue being approximately three times more scattering than flesh tissue. Comparison to the values from time-resolved spectroscopy reported in literature showed comparable profiles for the optical properties, but overestimation of the absorption coefficient values, due to light losses.     

Optical and electrochemical properties of optically transparent,boron-doped diamond thin films deposited on quartz

The optical and electrochemical properties of transparent, boron-doped diamond thin film, deposited on quartz, are discussed. The films were deposited by microwave-assisted chemical vapor deposition, for 1-2 h, using a 0.5% CH4/H2 source gas mixture at 45 Torr and 600 W of power. A high rate of diamond nucleation was achieved by mechanically scratching the quartz. This pretreatment leads to the formation of a continuous film, in a short period of time, which consists of nanometer-sized grains of diamond. The thin-film electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, atomic force microscopy, and UV-visible absorption spectrophotometry. The film's electrochemical response was evaluated using Ru(NH3)6(3+/2+) in 1 M KCl, Fe(CN)6(3-/4-) in 1 M KCl, and chlorpromazine (CPZ) in 10 mM HClO4. The film exhibited a low voltammetric background current and a stable and active voltammetric response for all three redox systems. The optical transparency of the polycrystalline film in the visible region was near 50% and fairly constant between 300 and 800 nm. The optical and electrical properties were extremely stable during 48-h exposure tests in various aqueous (HNO3, NaOH) solutions and nonaqueous (e.g., chlorinated) solvents. The properties were also extremely stable during anodic and cathodic potential cycling in harsh aqueous environments. This stability is in stark contrast to what was observed for an indium-doped tin oxide thin film coated on quartz. The spectroelectrochemical response (transmission mode) for CPZ was studied in detail, using a thin-layer spectroelectrochemical cell. Thin-layer voltammetry, potential step/ absorption measurements, and detection analytical figures of merit are presented. The results demonstrate that durable, stable, and optically transparent diamond thin films, with low electrical resistivity (approximately 0.026 omega x cm) laterally through the film, can be deposited on quartz.     

Optical and mechanical properties of diamond like carbon films deposited by microwave ECR plasma CVD

Diamond like carbon (DLC) films were deposited on Si (111) substrates by microwave electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma chemical vapour deposition (CVD) process using plasma of argon and methane gases. During deposition, a d.c. self-bias was applied to the substrates by application of 13·56 MHz rf power. DLC films deposited at three different bias voltages (−60 V, −100 V and −150 V) were characterized by FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry to study the variation in the bonding and optical properties of the deposited coatings with process parameters. The mechanical properties such as hardness and elastic modulus were measured by load depth sensing indentation technique. The DLC film deposited at −100 V bias exhibit high hardness (∼ 19 GPa), high elastic modulus (∼ 160 GPa) and high refractive index (∼ 2·16–2·26) as compared to films deposited at −60 V and −150 V substrate bias. This study clearly shows the significance of substrate bias in controlling the optical and mechanical properties of DLC films.     

Optical properties of narrow-band spectral filter coatings related to layer structure and preparation

The optical properties of thirty-five all-dielectric spectral filter coatings for the visible spectrum have been investigated and correlated with the deposition conditions of the constituent layers of cryolite and zinc sulfide and with the processes which occur when the coatings are exposed to atmosphere. It will be shown that the results of measurements of transmittance and reflectance over the passband wavelengths can be predicted theoretically only if account is taken of absorption in the layers and scattering at the rough boundaries and of changes in the refractive indices of the layers due to water penetration.     

Fabrication of nanopores in a 100-nm thick Si3N4 membrane

Textured alumina films have been used to fabricate nanoscale pores in Si3N4 membranes. A few nanometer-thick alumina layer was used as a masking material for nanopore fabrication, and the pattern was transferred into a 100-nm thick, 200 microm x 200 microm Si3N4 membrane by reactive ion etching (RIE). The nanopores were found to be concentrated in a approximately 150-microm diameter region at the center of the membrane.     

■100mm金刚石小圆锯片的研制及应用

本文提出■100mm金刚石小圆锯片的最佳配方,最佳金刚石粒度和生产工艺,制成了锋利和耐磨的锯片,并应用于石头建材和陶瓷等的加工。