人前列腺癌雄激素受体分布特性及血清睾酮水平变化的研究

采用放射配基结合分析法测定人前列腺癌（ＰＣ）穿刺标本的雄激素受体（ＡＲ）含量，其胞浆受体（ＡｃＲ）及胞核受体（ＡｎＲ）分别为３０５．７０±４６１．６８，３６３．０４±３９１．４４ｐｍｏｌ／ｇ蛋白，与３６例前列腺增生症（ＢＰＨ）及９例正常前列腺组织含量相比均有显著性差异，显示前列腺癌的维激素依赖性。２２例前列腺癌患者中未转移组的ＡｎＲ／ＡｃＲ比值明显大于转移组，提示前列腺癌转移过程中ＡｎＲ向胞浆转移     

ZIF-8负载柠檬酸包覆纳米零价铁复合物的制备及其对U(VI)的吸附性能研究

合成了一种ZIF-8负载柠檬酸包覆的纳米零价铁复合物(nZVI@CA/ZIF-8),并研究了其对U(VI)的吸附性能和机理.研究表明:nZVI@CA/ZIF-8对U(VI)的吸附量随着初始pH、U(VI)初始浓度和温度的升高而增大,在较高钠离子浓度(0.5 mol?L-1)条件下依然保持较好的吸附U(VI)性能.在铀初...     

糖尿病性阳痿患者性激素受体变化研究

为探讨性激素和性激素受体与糖尿病性阳瘘的关系，选择32例糖尿病性阳瘘患者、32例糠尿病无阳瘘患者、32例非糖尿病阳瘘患者和40例健康男性为研究对象，分别采用放射免疫分析测定血浆PRL、T、E2水平，采用放射配基结合分析测定外周血白细胞的ER、AR水平。结果显示，与正常对照组和非糖尿病性阳瘘组相比，糖尿病性阳瘘组和糖尿病无阳瘘组的PRL水平均升高，T和R水平均降低，E2／T和ER／AR比值均升高；与糖尿病无阳瘘组相比，糖尿病性阳瘘组的PRL水平、T水平、E2／T比值均无显著差异，但AR水平进一步降低，ER／AR比值进一步升高。T和AR水平均与年龄之间存在负相关关系。AR水平降低和ER／AR比值升高可能是导致糖尿病性阳瘘的重要原因之一；T和AR水平随年龄增长而降低可能是导致糖尿病性阳瘘的发病率随年龄增长而明显增加的重要原因。     

氚水的内照射损伤实验研究

为探讨氚水染毒后小鼠外周血自细胞总数和骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率的改变,小鼠腹腔注入不同初始量的氚水,2、4、6、10和28 d眼球摘除取血,处死后取两侧股骨,并计数外周血白细胞总数和骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率.结果表明,随氚水初始注入量的增加,骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率相应增高(p<0.05),外周血白细胞总数相应降低,但只有初始注入量为16.65×105Bq/g的剂量组差异有统计学意义.氚水初始注入量相同时,随注入后时间延长,骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率持续增加,外周血白细胞总数第2天至第6天持续下降(p<0.05),第10天后已恢复.表明外周血白细胞和骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核,可作为氚水染毒后的早期辐射损伤指标.     

调理心肾中药对拟痴呆大鼠脑组织中M和GABA受体功能的影响

以~3H-QNB和~3H-GABA为放射性配基,用受体放射性配基结合分析法,测出拟痴呆模型大鼠大脑皮层和海马组织中的M受体和小脑组织中的GABA受体的R_t值明显降低;M受体的K_D值在大脑皮层中明显减少,在海马中略有升高。小脑中GABA受体的K_D值显著降低。调理心肾中药及喜德镇(Hydergin,为国外常用抗老年痴呆药)能使降低的M受体和GABA受体的R_t值均明显升高,接近正常水平。对K_D值则有不同程度的调整作用。     

c-Gluc-Lys(［Fe18F］NOTA)-TOCA的制备及初步生物学评价

生长抑素类似物与肿瘤细胞上的生长抑素受体（SSTR）能够特异性地结合。因此,用¹⁸F标记的生长抑素类似物可作为肿瘤示踪剂对生长抑素受体阳性肿瘤进行诊断、分期和疗效评价。为开发一种可用于生长抑素受体阳性肿瘤诊断、能够高效快速合成的¹⁸F标记生长抑素类似物,本文用Fe¹⁸F复合物和偶联了双功能螯合剂1,4,7-三氮环壬烷-1,4,7-三乙酸（NOTA）的糖基化生长抑素类似物c-Gluc-Lys(NOTA)-TOCA通过螯合反应制备了c-Gluc-Lys(［Fe¹⁸F］NOTA)-TOCA,放化反应合成时间为25～30 min,标记率为40%,最终产品经HLB柱纯化后放化纯大于95%。标记物亲水性良好（lg P＝-4.18±0.15）,但体外稳定性差。正常鼠体内分布实验表明：标记物主要通过肾代谢,肝中摄取很低,在生长抑素受体高表达的胰腺中有高摄取,血液和肌肉本底低,骨中摄取高。本工作为进一步研究¹⁸F金属复合物标记的生长抑素类似物作为生长抑素受体阳性肿瘤显像剂提供了实验依据。     

n-Gluc-Lys([Al18F]NOTA)-TOCA的制备和初步生物学评价

肿瘤细胞组织上常有一些生长抑素受体的过度表达,奥曲肽及其衍生物与生长抑素受体(SSTR)能够高特异性地结合,因此,应用18F标记的奥曲肽及其衍生物作为肿瘤示踪剂,可对生长抑素受体阳性肿瘤进行诊断和疗效评价。为开发一种能够高效快速合成的18F标记奥曲肽衍生物,用Al 18 F复合物和偶联了双功能螯合剂NOTA的糖基化奥曲肽衍生物n-Gluc-Lys(NOTA)-TOCA通过螯合反应制备了n-Gluc-Lys([Al 18 F]NOTA)-TOCA,放化反应合成时间为25～30min,标记率为69%,最终产品经HLB柱纯化后放化纯大于95%。标记物在体外稳定,水溶性高(lg P=-4.20±0.09(n=3))。正常鼠体内分布实验显示:标记物通过肾代谢;在肝中摄取很低,在生长抑素受体高表达的胰腺中有高摄取,血液和肌肉本底低。骨中的摄取低,说明标记物在体内无脱18F或Al 18F的现象。本工作为进一步研究Al 18F复合物标记的奥曲肽衍生物作为生长抑素受体阳性肿瘤显像剂提供了实验依据。     

知母活性成分ZDY101对脑内定位注射鹅膏蕈氨酸拟痴呆大鼠的影响

观察中药知母活性成分ZDY101对大鼠脑内注射兴奋性氨基酸所致拟痴呆模型的治疗作用。将IBO2μg／0．5μL双侧缓慢注入SD大鼠脑基底核部,造成局部神经元变性后产生拟似痴呆症状。ZDY101分高、中、低三个剂量组连续灌胃给药90d,以避暗试验评价动物学习记忆能力,^3H-QNB单点结合法测定脑组织M受体密度。大鼠脑内注入IBO后,学习、记忆功能明显下降,脑M受体密度显著降低。给予ZDY101后,学习、记忆功能及脑M受体密度均有明显提高,且二者具有量效相关性。表明ZDY101很可能通过上调脑M受体密度而改善脑功能,是一种值得深入研究的抗老年痴呆症药物。     

一次 X 线胸透所致生物效应的观察

本文报道了42例一次 X 线胸透所致生物效应的观察。一次胸透被检者体表照射量为1.588R,红骨髓吸收剂量男性为750mrad,女性为608mrad。观察结果表明,一次胸透后可出现染色体畸变率增加和微核率上升,可使红细胞膜上 C_3b 受体活性降低及淋巴细胞糖元含量增加。     

Tamoxifen联合γ线照射对脑胶质瘤细胞的增殖抑制及凋亡诱导作用

研究三苯氧胺（Tamoxifen,TAM）对人脑胶质瘤细胞辐射增敏作用及诱导细胞凋亡。用^3H-TdR掺入法、免疫组织化学法、流式细胞术和激光共聚焦显微镜扫描技术检测细胞DNA合成、雌激素受体表达、细胞凋亡及凋亡的形态学特征。结果表明,TAM能抑制细胞DNA合成,与^60Coγ线联用抑制作用增强,表现出协同作用。TAM能诱导细胞凋亡,其凋亡率随TAM浓度的升高而增高,凋亡细胞核固缩和核碎裂,可见凋亡小体。而免疫组化结果显示SHG-44细胞不表达雌激素受体。以上结果表明TAM可能通过诱导细胞凋亡途径来增加细胞的辐射敏感性,而与雌激素受体途径无关。     

Impurity Dependence of Defect Introduction and Annealing in Electron Irradiated n-Type Germanium

Electron irradiation experiments on Si and Ge have indicated the creation of highly mobile interstitial atoms that in turn displace substitutional chemical impurity atoms (S) from the lattice; hence, the primary products of irradiation may be lattice vacancies (V) and interstitial chemical impurities (I). Subsequent annealing may then involve some type of interaction between (V) and (I). The relative amount of radiation damage, or ratio of (I) to the remaining substitutional chemical impurity atom concentration (SR), is also expected to be of importance since there may be competition during annealing between (I) and (SR) for the mobile (V). Samples of P, As, Sb, Sb-Ag, and Sb-Au doped n-type Ge of different initial carrier concentrations were irradiated at ~ 295°K with ~ 1.7 Mev electrons to different ratios of (I) to (SR), and electrical property measurements were made at 77°K immediately after irradiation. The results indicate (1) an increase in the apparent rate of removal of conduction electrons for material of higher initial carrier concentration, (2) a difference in the apparent rate of removal for different dopants, (3) a small dependence of the apparent removal rate on the total amount of disorder introduced, and (4) the amount of annealing was not a sensitive function of the ratio of (I) to (SR) for P or Sb-doped material, but was for As-doped material.     

Radiation synthesis and characterization of polyacrylic acid hydrogels

The pH-sensitive polyacrylic acid （PAA） hydrogels were synthesized by gamma-ray irradiation at an ambient temperature. The influences of dose, monomer concentration, cross-linking agent content, pH, and ionic strength on the swelling ratio （SR） of the PAA hydrogels were investigated in detail. The results show that the SR of the hydrogel decreases with an increase in the dose, monomer concentration, and cross-linking agent content. In alkaline solution, the SR of the hydrogels is much higher than that in acid solution. Also, the ionic strength can influence the SR of the hydrogels. The more the concentration, the lower the SR.     

Study of the deuterated titanium Ti2Hx sample by using nuclear reaction analysis and material analysis methods

Titanium is one of the best hydrogen loading material.The predicted maximum loading ratio of hydrogen in titanium may reach to 2.0.In this work.a titanium layer on molydbenum substrate was deuterated with the atomic ratio X=^2H/Ti≥1.6,The change of the surface topography and microstructure of the sample before and after lading was observed by using Scan Electron Microscopy (SEM),The surface segregation of the samples after deuteron bombardment was also observed.A fluctuatingly-incrcasing trend of the deuterium density in titanium target was detected in the deuteron implantation experiments.which indicated a suddenly explosion(segregation)or fast diffusion of deuterium in the titanium.Significant amount of nitrogen contamination was found in the Ti^2Hx sample by nuclear reaction analysis(NRA),which indicated that the Ti^2Hx structure might have the feature to trap nitrogen from air.The nitrogen contamination in Ti^2Hx significantly affects the increase of the atomic ration X=^2H/Ti.     

Analysis of Aerosol Resuspension under Severe Accident by ECART Model

Utilizing ECART model in resuspension module of CABSA code developed by China Institute of Atomic Energy, the SR11 test in STORM project was calculated and the features of aerosol resuspension under severe accident of nuclear power plant were analyzed. The result shows that all the forces on aerosol increase with aerosol diameter, drag force and burst force increase faster than adhesive force and gravity force. Aerosol with larger diameter has greater resuspension rate. Fluid velocity above structure can affect drag force and burst force, the increment of velocity can enlarge both the forces, and make the resuspension rate increase. By taking this advantage, the drag force and burst force can be reduced by reducing the fluid velocity above structure, and finally decrease the release of fission product to the environment.     

严重事故下气溶胶再悬浮的ECART模型分析

利用中国原子能科学研究院开发的CABSA程序气溶胶再悬浮模块中的ECART模型，对STORM项目的SR11试验进行计算，分析了核电厂严重事故下的气溶胶再悬浮特性。结果表明：气溶胶所受各种力均随直径的增大而增大，其中使气溶胶悬浮的拖曳力和爆发力比使气溶胶附着在结构表面的黏着力和重力增长更快；直径大的气溶胶悬浮率更大；结构表面流体速度能够影响拖曳力和爆发力，速度增大会提高拖曳力和爆发力，最终导致悬浮率增加。利用该特点，可通过降低结构表面流速降低拖曳力和爆发力，从而减小悬浮率，最终减小裂变产物向空间的重新释放。     

丙烯基类单体-壳聚糖共聚物水凝胶的辐射制备及性能研究

以壳聚糖、丙烯酰胺（AM）和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（DMDACC）为原料,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（MBA）为交联剂,经^60Co γ-射线辐照,制备了丙烯基类单体一壳聚糖共聚物水凝胶,并研究了MBA的用量对丙烯基类单体一壳聚糖共聚物水凝胶吸水性能和保水性能的影响。结果表明,在吸收剂量为2kGy的条件下,MBA用量较低时,随着MBA用量的提高,水凝胶的平衡吸水率反而下降;而MBA用量较高时,水凝胶的平衡吸水率受MBA用量的影响较小;凝胶吸水率随着溶胀时间的延长而增加;水凝胶在溶胀初期的溶胀动力学可用non-Fickian扩散定律来描述：随着交联剂MBA用量的逐渐增加,水凝胶的初始失水率逐渐增大,而最大失水率逐渐下降。     

Sequential Ion-Exchange Separation of Heavy Elements and Selected Fission Products for Burnup Measurement

A sequential ion-exchange separation method was developed for use in burnup measurements of nuclear fuels. Group separation by anion-exchange resin column with hydrochloric acid solutions containing small amounts of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid was followed by various cation and anion- exchange processes. The heavy elements, such as U, Np and Pu, and some fission products selected as burnup monitors, such as Cs, Mo and Nd, could be sequentially and quantitatively separated from a sample taken from spent fuel. The recovery of these elements through the separation processes were examined. The sampling ratio of an aliquot in reference to the whole fuel specimen was determined by adding as sampling monitor a known amount of Cu to the sample during dissolution. The validity of the ion-exchange separation technique for routine analysis for burnup measurements is also discussed.     

运行核电厂安全生产标准化管理信息系统的研发

为了解决运行核电厂安全生产标准化建设中信息共享难、工作效率低及各类大量数据统计分析难的问题,研发了运行核电厂安全生产标准化管理信息系统。结果表明,应用该管理信息系统加快了职能处室之间的信息传递,实现了信息共享;优化了管理流程,提高了工作效率;解决了安全生产标准化建设过程中各类大量数据的统计分析问题。      

碳及碳团簇负离子注入硅橡胶细胞相容性研究

通过在GIC4117串列加速器前注入器加装注入靶架以及扫描系统,建立了低能负离子注入平台,实现具有"Charge-up free"优点的负离子以及团簇负离子的注入,从而进行了碳及碳团簇负离子注入硅橡胶细胞相容性研究。水接触角测量表明,随着注入剂量增大到3×1015 cm-2,材料表面的水接触角从108.7°减小到103.1°,表面亲水性得到改善。XPS测试表明,随着注入剂量的增加,样品中碳含量逐渐减小,而氧和氮含量逐渐增加。基于上述结果对负离子注入硅橡胶细胞相容性改善的机制进行了讨论,最后在样品上进行了细胞培养实验。结果表明,负离子注入法是一种简单、有效提升硅橡胶细胞相容性的方法。     

Deformation behavior of recrystallized and stress-relieved Zircaloy-4 fuel cladding under biaxial stress conditions

Pellet–cladding mechanical interaction (PCMI) under reactivity-initiated accident conditions may lead to the failure of high-burnup fuel rods. Biaxial stress states generated by PCMI in Zircaloy cladding may make the cladding more susceptible to failure. In this study, we investigated the deformation behavior of Zircaloy cladding under biaxial stress conditions based on the concept of contours of equal plastic work. The major axis angles of the initial work contours of recrystallized (RX) and stress-relieved (SR) specimens were investigated and it was found that the shapes of the initial work contours of these kinds of specimens were almost symmetric across the direction where the ratio of axial stress to circumferential stress is 1. The shapes of subsequent work contours tended to change for the RX specimen while being the same as the initial for the SR specimen, as deformation proceeded. It was suggested that the textures and slip systems in the RX and SR specimens affect their initial work contours while the slip system in the RX specimens and the residual strain in the SR specimens influence the subsequent work contours.