基于免疫克隆选择算法的快速图像匹配

提出了一种新的免疫克隆选择算法,该算法基于一个压缩阈值和新的收敛标准,可动态确定种群的大小,具有很强的全局和局部搜索能力.对传统的Hausdorff距离作了改进,新方法可有效地克服传统算法的不足,作为模板和图像中物体轮廓相似性的测度,可较大地减少计算量.把免疫克隆选择算法和改进的Hausdorff距离相结合用于图像匹配,可以较快地完成全局搜索,达到模板和图像间的有效匹配,仿真实验证明了该方法的优越性.     

一种基于Hausdorff距离目标跟踪的改进算法

针对复杂背景下运动目标跟踪问题,提出了一种基于Hausdorff距离的目标跟踪改进算法。作为模板与待匹配图像相似性的度量,传统的Hausdorff距离容易造成误匹配;现有的Hausdorff距离改进算法虽然可以从一定程度上克服上述缺点,但是计算复杂,难以满足实时性。为了能够很好的解决上述这些问题,达到稳定实时的跟踪,结合Hausdorff距离提出一种新的图像匹配策略。实验表明,该算法匹配精度高,适用性强,同时大大加快运算速度。     

基于改进Hausdorff距离的图像匹配快速算法

针对Hausdorff距离的特性及其在图像匹配中的应用,提出了一种基于改进Hausdorff距离准则的快速图像匹配算法。首先对图像进行小波分解和Harris角点检测后得到图像的特征点金字塔,然后利用改进的Hausdorff距离作为度量准则从特征点序列图像的最大尺度开始逐级向低尺度进行匹配。实验结果证明,该方法能在保证匹配精度的同时,有效加快匹配速度。     

基于Hausdorff距离的图像配准研究

针对图像配准中常出现的RST(旋转-比例-平移)变换,推导出了相应的盒距离变换公式。与传统的基于广义仿射变换的Hausdorff盒距离变换公式相比,缩小了搜索距离空间。在计算Voronoi表面时,根据Hausdorff距离的计算需要提出比较滑动窗口的区域Voronoi表面,节省了计算Voronoi表面的时间。并且在利用边缘点计算Hausdorff距离时,剔除琐碎的边缘,仅使用较长的边缘计算。试验结果表明,这些改进方法较大地提高了基于Hausdorff距离的图像配准的计算速度。     

基于Hausdorff距离的相似性和对称性度量及在人脸定位中的应用

本文提出了一种基于改进的Hausdorff度量的人脸定位方法.首先,改进了模板匹配中基于Hausdorff距离的相似性度量.传统的Hausdorff距离仅仅计算了两个点集之间的平均失配程度,而改进的方法同时考虑了点集之间的距离平均值和标准差,所以对人脸定位中姿态、表情、个体的变化具有更好的鲁棒性.另外还将Hausdorff距离应用于测量对称性这一人脸的重要特征,并将对称性度量和相似性度量结合起来进行人脸定位,从而取得了较高的定位正确率和定位精度.     

基于全向小波和Hausdorff距离的边缘检测

针对传统小波变换对含噪图像边缘检测的不足,结合全向小波和Hausdorff距离的知识,提出了一种改进的边缘检测算法.首先,对图像做全向小波变换,同时做改进的灰度图形态学处理;然后在一定的窗口下求处理后图像间的Hausdorff距离,并将其大小作为图像边缘检测的像素值.最后将该算法与Sobel算法、Canny算法做比较,实验结果表明该方法提取的边缘清晰度优于其他方法,且可以很好地抑制噪声.     

Hausdorff距离在图像匹配中的应用

在图像匹配过程中，经常有目标图像被遮掩和外部点存在的情形，使识别过程较为困难。介绍了将部分Hausdorff距离和基于平均距离值的MHD相结合，用改进的Hausdorff距离对有遮掩和有外部点存在的目标图像进行匹配，仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

基于Hausdorff距离的多分辨率目标跟踪方法

针对目前运动目标跟踪算法的计算结果和效率不能令人满意的现状,提出利用改进的Hausdorff距离进行模板匹配,它具有计算量小,适应性强的特点.为了能较快的跟踪目标,采用多分辨率分析的方法处理序列图像.实验结果表明,本文的算法能显著提高运动目标跟踪的准确程度和效率.     

Hausdorff匹配快速检测PCB基准标记

提出一种单向平均的修正Hausdorff距离匹配检测印刷电路板(PCB)基准标记(mark)的方法。将检测图像的边缘图转化为Voronoi图,在Voronoi图上移动mark模板,取得最小Hausdorff距离的位置,即最佳匹配位置。由mark实际尺寸计算mark模板,并用Canny算子检测边缘,以提高检测精度。对检测图像进行阈值变换和区域面积分割,获取mark大概位置,缩小检测范围,并用模板来计算Voronoi图和采取粗细间隔的mark模板移动策略,以提高检测速度。在全视觉贴片机SMT2505上应用表明,Mark中心定位、角度偏移统计检测误差和检测时间分别小于1 pixel、0.3°和60 ms,满足了高速、高精度和强鲁棒性的检测要求。     

利用梯度方向的Hausdorff 距离配准红外和可见光图像

基于Hausdorff距离的算法已经被广泛应用于异源图像配准,但是现有的Hausdorff距离配准算法是在整幅图像上找最相近的点对,不仅容易出现错误匹配的情况,而且计算量很大。为了减少计算冗余和消除误配情况,提高配准的准确度,提出了一种利用梯度方向的Hausdorff距离配准算法。在进行配准时,将提取到的角点集合按照每个角点的不同梯度方向角分解为8个子集合。然后计算两幅图像中同一方向区间所对应的两个子集合间的Hausdorff距离。由于只在对应的子集合内找最相近的配准点对,减少了干扰点的数目和计算的次数,提高了计算的有效性和异源图像配准的准确度。实验结果表明,利用梯度方向的Hausdorff距离算法能够较好地运用于红外图像和可见光图像的配准,并且表现出较好的准确度和稳健性。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks