基于支持向量机的多分类增量学习算法

支持向量机被成功地应用在分类和回归问题中，但是由于其需要求解二次规划，使得支持向量机在求解大规模数据上具有一定的缺陷，尤其是对于多分类问题，现有的支持向量机算法具有太高的算法复杂性。该文提出一种基于支持向量机的增量学习算法，适合多分类问题，并将之用于解决实际问题。     

基于模糊C-均值聚类的支持向量机

支持向量机针对大规模数据集学习问题的处理需要耗费很长的时间,提出一种数据预处理的方法对学习样本进行聚 类,以此为基础得到一种模糊支持向量机.计算机仿真结果表明提出的SVM算法与传统的SVM训练算法相比,在不降低分 类精度的情况下,大大缩短了支持向量机的学习训练时间.     

一种新的支持向量机增量学习算法

支持向量机已经成为处理大规模高维数据的一种有效方法。然而处理大规模数据需要的时间和空间代价很高,增量学习可以解决这个问题。该文分析了支持向量的性质和增量学习的过程,提出了一种新的增量学习算法,舍弃了对最终分类无用的样本,在保证测试精度的同时减少了训练时间。最后的数值实验和应用实例说明:算法是可行的、有效的。     

基于并行计算的支持向量机加速算法

针对传统支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)方法不能有效处理海量数据分类的问题,本文提出一种基于并行计算(Parallel Computing,PC)的支持向量机加速(Speeding support vector machine based on parallel computing,PC_SVM)方法。该方法首先将海量的训练样本通过聚类方式划分为多个独立的工作子集,并在每个工作子集上并行进行SVM的自适应训练,以得到适应该训练子集的SVM学习模型,通过衡量不同子集训练结果的关系,对每个工作集中聚类得到的子类进行合并,从而有效处理海量数据的分类问题。实验结果表明,PC_SVM方法在大规模数据集上在保持分类效果的同时大幅度提高了传统SVM的分类效率。     

SVM算法及其在多类字母图象识别中的应用

支持向量机是一种新的统计学习算法,其学习原则是使结构风险最小,与经典的学习方法的经验风险最小原则不同,这使得支持向量机具有很强的泛化能力。因为支持向量机算法是一个凸二次优化问题,能够保证所求的局部最优解就是全局最优解。目前,研究的绝大多数是两类问题。然而,即使我们能够将两类问题正确分类,也不能意味着实际应用中多类分类问题的解决。在这篇文章中,我们介绍了支持向量机算法,并且通过多类字母图象分类问题说明支持向量机算法在多类分类问题中的应用。     

多类支持向量机在文本分类中的应用

传统的支持向量机（SVM）是两类分类问题,如何有效地将其推广到多类分类问题仍是一项有待研究的课题。本文在对现有主要的四种多类支持向量机分类算法讨论的基础上,结合文本分类的特点,详细介绍了决策树支持向量机和几种改进多类支持向量机方法在文本分类中的应用。     

有向无环图-双支持向量机的多类分类方法

针对多分类支持向量机算法中的低效问题和样本不平衡问题,提出一种有向无环图-双支持向量机DAG-TWSVM(directed acyclic graph and twin support vector machine)的多分类方法。该算法综合了双支持向量机和有向无环图支持向量机的优势,使其不仅能够得到较好的分类精度,同时还能够大大缩减训练时间。在处理较大规模数据集多分类问题时,其时间优势更为突出。采用UCI(University of California Irvine)机器学习数据库和Statlog数据库对该算法进行验证,实验结果表明,有向无环图-双支持向量机多分类方法在训练时间上较其他多分类支持向量机大大缩短,且在样本不平衡时的分类性能要优于其他多分类支持向量机,同时解决了经典支持向量机一对一多分类算法可能存在的不可分区域问题。     

支持向量机算法的并行实现技术研究

由于支持向量机完整的理论框架和在实际应用中取得的好效果,在机器学习领域受到了广泛的重视.但是支持向量机算法最大的缺点就是在处理大规模训练数据集时需要巨大的内存和很长的训练时间.在这样的背景下,提出了使用并行化技术训练支持向量机.其基本思想是把大的数据集分解成小的子集,每个子集分别用于训练一个支持向量机,然后将多个训练结果有效融合.在现有技术的基础上,提出改进方案,在保证正确分类的情况下使用并行化技术来提高支持向量机的训练速度.实验结果表明,新方案在保证分类精度基本不变的情况下,可以有效减少支持向量机的训练时间.     

基于支持向量机的分类预测算法研究

分类预测是数据挖掘、机器学习和模式识别等很多领域共同关注的问题,已经存在了许多有效的分类算法,但这些算法还不能解决所有的问题。支持向量机作为一种新的分类预测工具,能根据有限样本信息在模型的复杂性和学习能力间取得平衡,并能获得更好的泛化能力。SMO算法是支持向量机中使用最多的算法,它体现了支持向量机的优点,同时也能处理大规模训练集。     

利用粗糙集理论提高SVM预测系统的实时性

支持向量机是一种新的机器学习方法，它具有良好的推广性和分类精确性。但是在利用支持向量机的分类算法处理实际问题时，该算法的计算速度较慢、处理问题效率较低。文中介绍了一种新的学习算法，就是将粗糙集和支持向量机相结合，利用粗糙集对支持向量机的训练样本进行预处理，从而缩短样本的训练时间，提高基于SVM预测系统实时性。文中最后利用该方法进行了数据试验，试验结果表明了该方法可以大大缩短样本的训练时间，提高基于支持向量机处理预测系统的效率。从而也证明了该方法的有效性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。