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This review presents various first C-C bond and lower olefins formation mechanisms during the conversion of methanol or dimethyl ether (DME) over zeolite catalysts. The reaction is commonly described using both consecutive and parallel mechanisms. In terms of the first one concept, the oxonium ylide, carbene, carbocationic, methane-formaldehyde, and free radical mechanisms are analyzed. The parallel formation of the C-C bond is represented as the “hydrocarbon pool” mechanism which assumes the reaction occurs through alkene and arene cycles. It is shown that in the case of the arene cycle, olefins can be formed owing to the side chain growth of polymethylbenzenes (the so-called side-chain mechanism) or owing to the number of carbon atoms decrease in the aromatic ring (paring mechanism). Along with the isomerization and synchronous mechanisms wich assume that the route of the process substantially determined by the temperature range and the catalysts properties are discussed. 相似文献
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A. L. Maksimov D. V. Losev Yu. S. Kardasheva E. A. Karakhanov 《Petroleum Chemistry》2014,54(4):283-287
Carbonylation of methanol and dimethyl ether in various acidic ionic liquids (ILs) over catalysts containing rhodium complexes has been investigated. It has been shown that the presence of the H2PO 4 ? anion in IL leads to a significant increase in the rate of carbonylation of methanol and dimethyl ether to methyl acetate and acetic acid. Ionic liquids and conditions under which a conversion of 92% with a 80% selectivity for methyl acetate is achieved have been selected. The catalytic system proposed can be reused without loss of activity. 相似文献
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甲醇气相脱水制二甲醚本征动力学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在温度240℃~360℃、压力0.1MPa~1.0MPa、液体体积空速0.9h-1~8h-1的条件下,在等温积分反应器中,研究了甲醇在CNM-3催化剂上脱水生成二甲醚的本征动力学,并考察了操作条件对甲醇转化率的影响。实验结果表明,随着温度的升高,甲醇转化率上升,当温度高于320℃时,甲醇转化率开始下降;压力的变化对甲醇转化率的影响不大;随着空速的增加,甲醇转化率逐渐降低。根据实验测定数据,应用参数估值方法,得到了幂函数型本征动力学方程,残差分析及统计检验表明,该动力学模型是适宜的。 相似文献
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在温度240℃~360℃、压力0.1MPa~1.0MPa、液体体积空速0.9h-1~3h-1条件下,在等温积分反应器中使用甲醇脱水MD型催化剂,研究了甲醇脱水生成二甲醚的宏观动力学,并考察了操作条件对甲醇转化率的影响。实验结果表明:随着温度的升高,甲醇转化率先升高后降低;压力的变化对甲醇转化率的影响不大;随着空速的增加,甲醇转化率逐渐降低。建立了以各组分逸度表示的宏观动力学方程,根据实验测定数据,应用参数估值方法,获得动力学方程参数,残差分析及统计检验表明,该动力学模型是适宜的。 相似文献
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浆态床合成气制二甲醚的宏观动力学研究 总被引:17,自引:1,他引:17
在甲醇合成与甲醇脱水催化剂比例为 5、催化剂浓度为 1 0 g/30 0ml液体石蜡、温度 2 50~ 2 80℃、压力 3~5MPa、气体空速 40 0 0~ 70 0 0ml/( g·h)条件下 ,建立了浆态床合成气制二甲醚宏观动力学模型 ;甲醇合成反应和甲醇脱水反应的活化能分别为 1 4 1kJ/mol和 2 3 5kJ/mol,甲醇摩生成速率的计算值与实验值的相对误差在 1 3 6%和2 2 %以内 ;动力学方程为r2D +M=k1 pCO1 954pH20 91 74/[( 1 +KCOpCO1 50 1 +KCO2 pCO20 1 795) 2 2 60 ]、rD=k2 pM0 940 2 /[( 1+KMpM1 739+KH2 OpH2 O2 2 4 3) 0 441 5]。 相似文献
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Heterogeneous catalytic reactions of dimethyl ether (DME) with various compounds (alkenes, aromatic compounds, CO, etc.) are surveyed. Analysis of published data allows the conclusion that the formation of products generally involves surface intermediates produced by the interaction of DME with Brønsted acid sites. There is no formation of water in this case, suggesting that DME can be preferred to methanol in some cases. Surface intermediates CH*3 which are bound to the oxygen atoms of the zeolite lattice (methoxides) and retain their reactivity in the case of temperature elevation to 473 K have been identified using IR, UV, and in situ high-resolution solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Based upon the data on the state of intermediates that are formed from DME on the surface of heterogeneous catalysts, a series of catalytic reactions involving DME, namely, methylation of alkenes and aromatic compounds, carbonylation, synthesis of ethanol, and partial oxidation resulting in a set of compounds have been considered. Some reactions, such as carbonylation of DME by synthesis gas, synthesis of ethanol, and synthesis of dimethoxymethane and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, are of industrial interest. 相似文献
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对典型的甲醇脱水合成二甲醚工艺进行了系统分析,发现了其工艺设计和用能的不合理性,对合成和精馏工艺分别提出了优化设计。流程模拟计算使用PR-NRTL模型,并对实际运行装置进行了标定计算,证明了该模型的准确性和进行流程优化的可靠性。优化流程计算结果与原流程进行对比发现,在满足二甲醚产品质量要求下,蒸汽和冷却水消耗明显减少,冷却水节省了约12.4%,达到了节能优化的目的。 相似文献
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三相床中合成气制二甲醚宏观动力学研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
在三相高压搅拌釜中,使用XR型复合催化剂,在温度为220℃~260℃,空速为0·75L·g-1·h-1~1·35L·g-1·h-1,压力为3MPa~7MPa,反应进口yH2/yCO为4·01~4·59的范围内,搅拌转速为900r·min-1的条件下,研究了合成气一步法制二甲醚宏观动力学,考察了温度、空速、压力条件的变化对反应性能的影响。选取langmuir双曲型动力学模型,采用遗传算法和单纯形法对宏观动力学模型进行了参数估值,获得动力学模型的参数,统计检验和残差分析证实模型是适宜的。 相似文献