HH902钢铁常温发黑剂系列产品研究与应用

介绍了钢铁发黑技术发展概况、常温发黑的成膜机理和ＨＨ９０２钢铁常温发黑剂系列产品的技术特征，着重分析了应用中出现的问题，主要是工艺规范问题。作者依据长期实践认为，前处理好坏是获得优质常温发黑膜的关键，后处理对发黑件防锈能力有重大影响。并指出了既要保证质量，又要降低成本，必须抓住全过程工艺控制的几个要点。     

提高钢铁常温发黑结合力与耐蚀性的探讨

通过研究试验把钢铁常温发黑剂与室温快速磷化液有机的组合起来,配制成一种新的溶液－常温发黑、磷化液。然后再进行中温磷化增厚磷化膜得到一种 钢铁装饰防护膜－常温发黑、磷化膜。这种双层保护膜,既有常温发黑膜美丽的黑色外观,又有磷化膜细致的结晶、牢固的结合力及良好的耐磨、耐蚀等性能,尤其是显著提高了耐蚀性能。     

钢铁常温发黑剂的研制

钢铁表面发黑技术已广泛用于工业生产,传统的碱性发黑工艺存在能耗大,发黑周期长,污染重.劳动条件差等缺陷。而市场出售的常温发黑剂处理工件后,存在膜层附着力和耐蚀性差的现象。作者对CuSO_4H_3SeO_3。常温发黑工艺进行反复试验,成功地解决了这个问题。     

应用统计学实验方法优化铜常温发黑剂配方

运用统计学试验设计方法研究了不同的因素对铜常温发黑剂体系的性能影响.通过试验结果的统计分析,揭示了这些因素对体系的多种显著影响.更为重要的是本研究发现了多种因素间的双因素交互作用.而且这些交互作用的影响很难被传统的单因素试验发现.本研究结果可用于设计高性能的铜常温发黑剂.     

常温发黑过程中的控制步骤

分析了硒－铜体系常温发黑液的成膜过程,提出了氧化还原－吸附沉积机理,找出了影响常温发黑质量的控制步骤及影响常温发黑反应历程的主要因素。     

HH902钢铁常温发黑剂配套工艺研究

本文着重介绍了HH902钢铁常温发黑剂的特点及配套工艺,介绍了清洁生产、节能的、具有可操作性、适用性的几种工艺流程及应用效果.     

不断推出清洁生产新工艺的上海永生助剂厂

上海永生助剂厂运用高新技术开展科学试验．研发电镀行业新工艺，使污染严重的工艺变为无害化或大大减轻污染程度．为我国电镀行业推行清洁生产新丁艺做出了表率。该厂是上海市高新技术企业，技术人员比例占到35％．产品有200多种．包括电镀前处理剂、电镀光亮剂和电镀后处理剂，还有磷化、常温发黑、无油金属切削液、代汽油、煤油清洗剂等金属表面处理剂。     

钢铁常温发黑处理剂的研制

研制了一种性能优良的钢铁常温发黑处理剂，讨论了钢铁发黑成膜机理以及工艺地膜层性能的影响。     

环保型钢铁常温发黑剂的研制

通过正交试验设计开发了一种环保型钢铁常温发黑剂,发黑膜层具有很好的耐蚀性,与基体有很强的附着力且色泽黑亮。发黑膜层的AFM图显示膜层具有很好的致密性。     

改善Se—Cu系钢铁常温发黑剂的使用效果

论述Se-Cu钢铁常温发黑剂在推广使用中遇到的一些问题，作了理论探讨，提出相应对策，并研制了HD钢铁常温发黑剂和新型防锈钝化水。     

基于UG8.5五轴联动机床构建后置处理模块的研究

后置处理是CAM技术中自动数控编程不可或缺的。重点研究了基于UG/Post Builder 8.5后置处理构造器构造适合的通用后置处理模块,阐述了构造后置处理模块的方法和基本过程,构造用于双转台五轴加工中心的后置处理模块。以女神维纳斯三维模型为例,运用该后置处理模块进行后置处理自动生成加工程序。实践证明:女神维纳斯实例加工结果完全符合实际加工的要求,该种构建匹配的后置处理模块的方法可以推广运用,具有很强的实用价值。     

钢带热镀锌技术研究进展

综述了钢带连续热镀锌技术研究的进展,包括工艺的优化和改进、高耐蚀性镀层的开发、高强钢带热镀锌以及镀层性能的研究进展等,讨论了现在和将来一段时间内热镀锌工艺技术研究的重点,并指出我国在合金化工艺、后处理工艺和高强钢可镀性等方面的研究应进一步加强.     

Influence of surface topography of arc-deposited TiN and sputter-deposited WC/C coatings on the initial material transfer tendency and friction characteristics under dry sliding contact conditions

The influence of surface topography of PVD coatings on the initial material transfer tendency and friction characteristics in dry sliding contact conditions has been investigated. A modified scratch test was used to evaluate the material transfer tendency between ball bearing steel and two different PVD coatings, TiN and WC/C, under dry sliding contact conditions. Post test characterisation of the contact surfaces was performed using SEM/EDS and AES in order to map the initiation points and mechanisms for material transfer. The results show that the resulting topography of the PVD coated surfaces is strongly dependent on both the substrate material topography and the topography induced by the coating deposition process used. In sliding contact with a softer surface the coating topography results in a significant material pick-up tendency of the PVD coated surfaces. The material pick-up is mainly controlled by the abrasive action of hard coating asperities and as a result a polishing post treatment of the as-deposited PVD coatings significantly reduces the material pick-up tendency. For the WC/C coating, showing intrinsic low friction properties, the post treatment inhibits the material pick-up and results in a low and stable friction coefficient (μ ~ 0.1). For the TiN coating, that lacks intrinsic low friction properties, the post treatment reduces the material pick-up tendency but has no significant influence on the friction characteristics. This is mainly due to the presence of metallic Ti originating from the macroparticles on the TiN coating which results in a reactive surface that promotes a strong adhesion between the mating surfaces.     

Abrasive wear resistance of electroless Ni-P coated aluminium after post treatment

Electroless nickel (EN) coatings are recognised for their hardness and wear resistance in automotive and aerospace industries. In this work, electroless Ni-P coatings were deposited on aluminium alloy substrate LM24 (Al-9 wt.% Si alloy) and the effect of post treatment on the wear resistance was studied. The post treatments included heat treatment and lapping with two different surface textures. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and micro-abrasion tester were used to analyse morphology, structure and abrasive wear resistance of the coatings. Post heat treatment significantly improved the coating density and structure, giving rise to enhanced hardness and wear resistance. Microhardness of electroless Ni-P coatings with thickness of about 15 μm increased due to the formation of Ni₃P after heat treatment.     

虚拟仿真技术在多轴机床后处理定制中的应用

对FIDIA五轴立式加工中心后处理的定制过程进行研究,并利用虚拟仿真技术对后处理的正确性进行验证。通过NX软件的后处理构造器定制了适用于FIDIA C1系统的后处理。为了验证后处理的正确性,在NX中建立简化的机床几何模型,将机床各部件以STL格式文件导出至VERICUT软件中,在VERICUT中进行相应的配置,完成虚拟仿真环境的构建;以鼠标模型作为加工对象,在NX加工模块中创建刀具轨迹,通过定制好的后处理将刀轨源文件转换为机床能够识别的NC代码,在虚拟仿真环境中进行模拟加工,验证无误后传输至机床进行零件的实际加工。结果表明:虚拟仿真技术可以有效避免由于后处理定制不当而导致的机床碰撞,确保机床安全、高效地运行。     

渗氮后氧化处理40Cr钢的耐蚀性能

通过盐雾腐蚀试验法,对不同温度渗氮+后氧化处理的40Cr钢试样及不同表面防护状态下的40Cr钢试样的耐蚀性能进行对比。结果表明,40Cr钢渗氮温度在560～580 ℃之间时,中性盐雾试验时间可达200 h以上;对渗氮后氧化处理后的40Cr钢试验件边缘保护及油封处理后,中性盐雾试验时间可达200 h,外观评级(R_A)为10。     

地质钻杆摩擦焊接头组织与性能

首次采用摩擦焊接工艺对地质勘探用钻杆的管体与接头进行了焊接试验。探讨了不同的热处理工艺条件对DZ60钢钻杆管体与40Cr钢接头摩擦焊接头组织与性能的影响,并与采用热墩粗工艺生产的钻杆管体组织与性能进行了对比。试验结果表明,采用摩擦焊接及焊后调质热处理工艺制造的DZ60地质钻杆焊接接头的常规力学性能指标均高于地矿部DZ60地质钻杆管材的技术标准规定的数值,并优于采用现行热墩粗工艺制造的钻杆管材的力学性能数值。同时发现,采用合适的焊后回火热处理温度,可以有效提高焊接接头的抗拉强度与屈服强度,使其各项力学性能达到DZ60钻杆管材的技术标准,从而有效减少地质钻杆摩擦焊接头焊后热处理工艺,降低制造成本。     

焊后热处理对DQTHT80钢热影响区断裂韧性的影响

研究了直接淬火回火调质钢ＤＱＴＨＴ８０多层焊热影响我的ＣＴＯＤ断裂韧性。焊态和焊后热处理状态下的试验结果表明：焊态下热影响区断裂韧性高于焊后热处理态。焊后热处理降低了该钢热影响区的断裂韧性。焊态下断口韧窝状,而焊后热处理断口叶解理状。模拟焊接热影响区粗晶区试验结果进一步证实了焊后热处理对韧性的不利影响。     

Effect of post-heat treatment on the fatigue behaviour of a friction stir spot-welded Al–Mg–Si alloy

In this paper, the effect of post heat treatment on fatigue behaviour of friction stir spot welded Al–Mg–Si aluminium alloy was investigated. The microstructure of the weld zone was classified into two regions: stir zone (SZ) and mixed zone (MZ), where fine equiaxed grains due to dynamic recrystallization were observed. Two kinds of post heat treatment, namely aging and T6 treatment, were applied to the as-welded joints. The grains in the SZ and MZ were extremely enlarged only by T6 treatment, but some fine grains still remained near the boundary of MZ. Fatigue tests were conducted using lap-shear specimens at a stress ratio R = 0.1. Post heat treatments exhibited little influence on fatigue strength, but fatigue fracture morphology was dependent on both load level and post heat treatment. At high applied loads, fatigue fracture took place through the MZ in the as-welded and aged joints, while along the boundary of MZ in the T6 treated joint. At low applied loads, the fatigue crack initiated at the edge of the nugget and then propagated through the upper sheet in the as-welded joint, but the lower sheet in the aged and T6 treated joints. The dependence of fracture morphology on post heat treatment was attributed to the change of microstructures and hardness distribution around the nugget by post heat treatment.     

压力容器免除焊后热处理的最大厚度

工程实践表明现代钢材质量与焊接技术足以保证结构钢在更大厚度时免除焊后热处理,相关厚度值远高于现行规范源于工程经验的最大焊后热处理(Post weld heat treatment,PWHT)豁免厚度规定。从压力容器防脆断的角度出发,基于断裂力学原理,研究了材料最大PWHT豁免厚度的影响因素,结合Q345R钢性能数据,评价了具体厚度值的工程适用性,分析指出保守的防脆断条款是导致我国压力容器规范最大PWHT豁免厚度小于欧美规范的根本原因。