预热焙烧参数对超细粒度磁铁矿粉球团性能的影响

 国内某磁铁精矿粉粒度非常细,小于0.044mm的比例达到89%,对其制备的球团矿的预热焙烧性能进行试验研究,小型管式炉焙烧试验结果表明,预热焙烧温度太高或高温下预热焙烧时间过长,球团矿外层易形成硬壳,阻碍球团矿的进一步氧化,球团矿强度反而下降。矿相鉴定结果表明,预热焙烧球团矿的外层、中层、里层的氧化程度不同,整体来看,外层氧化速度快,氧化较好,而中层和里层氧化逐渐减弱,预热焙烧温度高或高温预热焙烧时间长是球团矿外层易形成硬壳的主要原因。因此,对于超细粒度磁铁矿粉球团矿,预热焙烧温度太高或高温下预热焙烧时间过长,反而不利于球团矿强度的提高。     

优化配矿强化西澳超细粒磁铁精矿球团焙烧研究

进行了西澳超细粒磁铁精矿分别配加国产磁铁精矿和巴西赤铁精矿制备氧化球团矿的实验研究.结果表明,以100%西澳超细磁铁精矿为原料制备氧化球团矿时,球团预热及焙烧性能较差,在预热温度为1050℃、预热时间20 min及焙烧温度1300℃、焙烧时间40 min的条件下,预热球团和焙烧球团矿抗压强度分别为每个502和2313 N.西澳超细粒磁铁精矿配加40%国产磁铁精矿或20%巴西赤铁精矿时,球团适宜预热温度由1050℃分别降低到950和975℃,适宜的焙烧温度由1300℃分别降低到1250和1280℃;而且焙烧球团矿的抗压强度分别提高到每个2746 N和每个2630 N.焙烧球团矿的微观结构研究表明：配加国产磁铁精矿后,焙烧球团矿中Fe₂O₃晶粒发育优良,晶粒间互联程度提高,晶粒粗大,孔隙率低,固结更加紧密.配加20%巴西赤铁精矿时,焙烧球团矿中Fe₂O₃晶粒基本连接成片,Fe₂O₃晶体发育良好.优化配矿是改善西澳超细粒磁铁精矿球团矿预热及焙烧性能的有效途径.     

润磨预处理对改善MgO球团矿预热焙烧性能的影响

 通过在铁精矿粉中配加镁质粘结剂进行了生产镁质球团矿的试验研究。研究结果表明,与酸性球团矿相比,配加镁质粘结剂生产MgO球团矿时所需要的预热温度和焙烧温度均较高,且焙烧时间也较长。但对铁精矿和镁质粘结剂混匀进行润磨预处理能改善MgO球团矿预热焙烧性能。混合料经润磨预处理后,球团矿预热温度能降低80℃,焙烧温度至少能降低30℃,焙烧时间至少能缩短4min。     

影响球团矿FeO含量因素正交试验分析

根据包钢带式球团矿生产实际用料情况,研究了焙烧温度、焙烧时间、膨润土配比及预热温度4个因素对球团矿FeO含量的影响,采用了4因素4水平正交试验法。试验结果发现,影响球团矿FeO含量的因素由强到弱分别为焙烧时间、焙烧温度、膨润土配比、预热温度;其中,最优水平为焙烧温度1240℃、焙烧时间14 min、膨润土配比2.0%、预热温度600℃;最差水平为焙烧温度1240℃、焙烧时间8 min、膨润土配比3.0%、预热温度900℃。     

蒙古高硫铁精矿生产球团矿的试验研究

通过对不同含硫量精矿的预热焙烧性能研究,提出了适宜于高硫精矿制备氧化球团矿的预热焙烧制度,可为球团矿生产使用高硫精矿提供技术指导。焙烧试验结果表明,球团工艺使用硫含量低于1.1%的混合精矿生产球团矿,适宜焙烧温度区间为1 250~1 280℃。     

磁铁矿粉粒度对球团矿预热焙烧性能的影响

 研究了3种不同粒度的超细磁铁精矿粉,粒度小于0.044 mm的矿粉质量分数在89%以上。试验研究了其制备的球团矿的焙烧性能。试验结果表明,铁精矿粉粒度越细,球团矿在最佳焙烧制度下获得的抗压强度也越高,但适宜的预热温度也越低,而所需预热及焙烧时间也越长。在对生球孔隙率测试研究的基础上发现,精矿粒度越细,生球孔隙率越小,氧化变得越困难,需要较长的预热时间,而预热温度太高,表层易形成致密层,导致球团矿强度下降;在对适宜的焙烧制度下焙烧的球团矿的FeO含量测定结果表明,对于焙烧球团矿,随矿粉粒度的变细,其FeO含量则越高,表明氧化条件变差,需较长的焙烧时间。     

球团矿抗压强度对其冶金性能的影响

对一种细粒度磁铁精矿粉制备的生球团,通过调整其预热及焙烧工艺参数,生产出不同抗压强度的球团矿,并对其孔隙率以及还原度和还原膨胀率进行了测定。试验结果表明,随着球团矿抗压强度的提高,其孔隙率呈下降趋势,其900℃还原度也呈下降趋势,而还原膨胀率变化不大。对不同抗压强度球团矿的矿相进行了测定,结果表明,预热时间的延长,使球团初期的预热氧化过程更加完全,Fe2O3微晶键更好地发育和长大,而焙烧温度的升高,则可以促进后期Fe2O3的再结晶和长大,提高晶键互连程度,晶粒紧密连接成片,孔隙率下降,使焙烧球团具有较高的抗压强度,但结构致密,变得难以还原。     

优化大冶竖炉球团焙烧工艺参数的试验研究

为了探索改善球团矿原料质量的途径,用润磨处理和未润磨处理精矿作原料的球团矿,按大冶竖炉球团矿生产的工艺条件在实验室进行了预热、焙烧等项目的试验。试验表明,在同样的预热、焙烧的工艺参数下,用润磨原料生产的球团矿,其抗压强度高于未润磨原料生产的球团矿;如按球团矿抗压强度达到3000N／个为基准,润磨原料比未润磨原料需要较少的预热时间、焙烧时间和较低的预热温度、焙烧温度。采用润磨技术处理精矿是改进竖炉球团矿生产的一项有效措施。     

冀东磁铁精粉球团矿的矿相结构研究

对冀东磁铁精粉球团矿的矿相结构进行了系统的研究。结果显示,冀东磁铁精粉焙烧球团矿的主晶相是赤铁矿,焙烧制度和预热制度都影响球团矿的显微特征,当球团矿预热温度950~1 000℃、预热时间20 min时,球团中Fe3O4基本完全氧化,Fe2O3再结晶明显,晶粒开始凝聚。当焙烧温度在1 300℃以上时球团矿有分解型Fe3O4出现,所以焙烧温度应选择在1 300℃以下较为合适。在焙烧温度1 250~1 275℃、焙烧时间大于20 min条件下,球团的抗压强度大于2 000 N/个。     

球团焙烧炉中喷吹氧气以提高球团矿质量的研究

铁矿球团矿中磁铁矿氧化取决于焙烧过程气氛的氧气浓度和达到固结峰值温度的时间。氧气氧化磁铁矿在预热区和焙烧初始区有优势。在本研究中,就预热区和焙烧区喷吹富氧对的影响进行了研究,以其提高铁矿氧化球团矿的质量。通过不同富氧喷吹条件的小型球团生产试验,试验结果表明：通过在特定的时间和特定温度对球团焙烧炉进行喷吹富氧,可以缩短焙烧过程,提高生产效率。另外本次研究对内配煤粉球团助燃气中富氧喷吹的优化参数进行了确定。通过扫描电镜观察球团矿横截面的微观结构,结果表明：在球团焙烧炉中富氧喷吹,可以确保铁矿球团矿结构组织统一、均匀,没有裂纹和微观结构缺陷。     

Roasting Properties of Pellets With Iron Concentrate of Complex Mineral Composition

 Investigation was conducted on roasting properties of pellets with an iron concentrate of complex mineral composition. The results indicated that the pellets of complex mineral composition concentrate required higher preheating temperature and longer preheating time than that of single magnetite concentrate. Therefore, it is difficult for preheated pellets to withstand the mechanical collision in the roasting process in rotary kiln. It was found that after the iron concentrate being subjected to high pressure roll grinding, the specific surface area reached 2029.1 cm2/g. Consequently, the preheating and roasting temperature of pellets were decreased by 70 and 50 ℃ and preheating and roasting time were decreased by 2 and 4 min, respectively. Meanwhile, the compression strength of preheated and roasted pellets were increased by 200 N for a pellet and 220 N for a pellet, respectively. The mechanism lied in that the increase of specific surface area activated thermal reaction and promoted formation of iter-grain bridge.     

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Aimed at the problem of ring-forming of 1. 2 million tons grate-kiln in the western district of Baotou steel, the influence of preheated and palletizing pellets crushing strength were investigated by using different technological parameters of grate. Aiming at improving the crushing strength of preheated pellets, the technological parameters of grate was optimized through orthogonal experimental. The results indicate under the condition of materials used in the experiment, the optimal technological parameters of grate are that, drying temperature of the second stage is 360??, preheating temperature of the first stage is 575??, preheating temperature of the second stage is 1000??, the belt speed of grate is 1. 5m/min, preheating temperature of the second stage influences the crushing strength of preheated pellets more significantly.     

The Effect of Calcined Colemanite Addition on the Mechanical Strength of Magnetite Pellets Produced with Organic Binders

Iron ore pellets must have sufficient mechanical strengths against degradation in all stages of pellet production. Low strength is also a problem for product pellets since they abrade during transportation to the reduction furnaces. The use of a binder is necessary to provide sufficient strength to the pellets and for better operation and handling of pellets. Bentonite is the standard binder in the industry; however, it is considered an impurity due to its acid oxide contents. Organic binders have been tested for many years as alternative binder to bentonite. They have been found to give sufficient wet pellet properties. However, they failed to provide sufficient strength to the preheated and fired pellets due to lack of slag bonding. It has been assumed that one possible effective method to improve the preheated and fired pellet strengths is addition of a slag-bonding constituent. In this study, calcined colemanite was added to the pellet feed to overcome the lower strength problem encountered with organic binder use. The strength of pellets produced with organic binders and calcined colemanite alone and in combination was comparatively studied against the strength of pellets made with standard bentonite binder in magnetite concentrate pelletizing. The results showed that addition of calcined colemanite into the pellet mixture improved the preheated and fired pellet strengths of pellets produced with organic binders.     

白云石强化含氟铁精矿球团的研究

 研究了配加白云石粉提高MgO含量对含氟铁精矿球团质量的影响。试验结果表明：提高球团矿中MgO含量对生球质量的影响不大。当球团MgO含量从0.83%增加到2.0%时,成品球抗压强度显著提高,强度从3555 N/个提高到了5050 N/个。但由于白云石的分解产生CO2增加了球团的孔隙率,使得提高球团矿中MgO含量会降低预热球抗压强度,通过延长预热时间来完成Fe3O4的氧化即可以提高预热球抗压强度也可以提高成品球抗压强度。在较高的焙烧温度下,MgO大多赋存于铁相中稳定了磁铁矿和含镁矿物的晶格,这些矿物与Fe2O3、铁酸钙等互连和紧密胶结,相互熔蚀,有利于球团抗压强度的提高。     

含硼矿粉制备球团矿的特点及应用方法

为了研究含硼矿粉在球团矿中的应用,通过系列试验对含硼铁矿粉在制备球团矿中的特点及应用方法进行研究。研究表明,硼铁精粉的微观颗粒形貌适宜成球,生球性能指标较高。由于硼铁精粉在550～700 ℃之间发生吸热反应,预热球抗压强度随着含硼铁精粉配比增加而降低,因此在使用链篦机—回转窑工艺生产球团矿时,需适当提高预热温度及延长预热时间,以减少由于预热球强度低而进入回转窑后易碎导致的回转窑结圈问题。含硼球团矿抗压强度随硼铁精粉配比增加而降低,需要根据硼铁精粉配加量选择合适的焙烧制度,以保证球团矿质量。含硼球团矿具有较为优良的冶金性能。     

微波预热新型有机粘结剂球团

 针对有机粘结剂铁矿球团预热球强度低的问题,进行了微波预热球团的试验研究,并与常规管炉预热球团进行了比较,通过光学显微镜和SEM等测试手段,分析了微波预热铁矿球团的成矿机理。试验结果表明,当预热温度为750 ℃时,微波预热球抗压强度为448 N/个,而常规管炉预热球的强度仅为129 N/个。测试分析表明,微波预热球团内部磁铁矿大部分已氧化成赤铁矿,赤铁矿连接成片,并产生了赤铁矿晶粒相互连接,球团矿预热强度得以提高。     

MgO含量和来源对球团焙烧特性及冶金性能的影响

分别以5种不同的含镁添加剂（高镁磁铁矿、镁橄榄石、白云石、菱镁石和氧化镁粉）制备镁质球团,阐述MgO含量和来源对磁铁矿球团焙烧特性及冶金性能的影响。研究结果表明:不同的含镁添加剂对于生球的落下强度有着一定影响,其中氧化镁粉与高镁磁铁矿均能够提高球团的落下强度。相同的预热焙烧制度下,提高MgO含量会增加球团孔隙率,降低预热和焙烧球团的抗压强度,其中白云石对焙烧球团强度的不利影响最小。增加预热球团的氧化度有利于促进镁质焙烧球团固结,提高其抗压强度。在MgO来源相同的情况下,MgO含量的增加会导致球团孔隙的增减,降低了球团强度,而配加不同种类的含镁添加剂,均能不同程度改善球团的还原膨胀性、低温还原粉化性和还原性,其中配加高镁磁铁矿的球团的还原膨胀性和低温还原粉化性均优于于其他含镁球团。      

Fundamental Study on New Method of Reducing Iron Ore-Coal Pellet in Cocurrent Shaft Furnace

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首钢熔剂性球团试验研究

为给首钢生产熔剂性球团矿提供依据，在试验室条件下研究了温度、时间、球团碱度等对熔剂性球团理化及冶金性能影响的规律。