沈阳市商场冬季室内热舒适的模糊分析

对沈阳市冬季商场室内热环境状况进行了实地调查，建立了基于自适应性模糊神经网络的人体热舒适模糊评判模型,对采集到的数据进行了模糊推理和网络训练，总结出了关于人体热舒适的模糊推理规则。由仿真结果可知，模糊评判模型输出值与热感觉投票值吻合较好，为客观评价和预测人体热舒适提供了一种方法和思路。     

非均匀环境中人体热反应模型研究现状与展望

介绍了选取非均匀热环境热性能评价指标的研究现状;分析了局部热反应对整体热反应的影响,以及全面总结了非均匀稳态和瞬态热环境中常用人体热感觉和热舒适预测模型,为优化室内气流组织热性能提供了依据。     

哈尔滨高校教室热舒适现场研究

为了研究高校教室在学生上课期间的热环境和人体热舒适,在哈尔滨高校教室进行了现场研究。在测量室内热舒适参数的同时,学生填写对室内环境的热感觉和热舒适主观调查表,共调查了1285人次,得到了1285份人体热反应的样本。现场测试结果表明,哈尔滨高校自然通风教室全年人体热中性温度为23.4℃(t0)。     

基于神经网络的哈尔滨高校教室热环境特征模型研究

为了研究哈尔滨高校教室热环境特征模型和人体热舒适,笔者于2004年9月～2005年12月在哈尔滨进行了20次现场研究.在测量室内热舒适参数的同时,受试者填写对室内环境的热感觉和热舒适主观调查表.而后利用人工神经网络方法,建立了哈尔滨高校教室热环境特征和人体热舒适的BP神经网络评判模型,实现了对哈尔滨高校教室热环境内人体热感觉的智能化预测.现场研究结果验证表明,该模型预测的哈尔滨高校教室热环境内人体热感觉与实际主观调查吻合.     

人体热舒适的节能研究

介绍了人体热舒适的节能研究现状,就未来需要进一步深入研究的方向进行了展望,最后提出合理确定室内参数、变稳态环境为动态、充分考虑人的适应性、局部微调节等内容是今后热舒适与节能研究的主要课题。     

室内气流组织和空气品质的数值研究

分析了气流分布性能的评价指标、热舒适性评价指标和室内空气品质的评价指标。将通风方式分为置换通风和混合通风,利用暖通空调专用模拟软件Airpak对室内气流进行模拟。模拟某小型会议室的温度、速度、CO2浓度、平均空气龄、PMV值和PPD值,并依据模拟结果分析不同气流组织下的室内空气品质、人体热舒适性和空调能耗情况。指出不同气流组织对室内空气品质、人体热舒适性和空调能耗的影响不同,置换通风和上侧送上回送风方式能得到较好的空气品质和有效的能量利用。     

长途客车中的空气品质和人体热舒适研究

就送，回风口设置对长途客车中空气品质和人体热舒适的影响进行了数值模拟分析。文中采用olf（污染源强度）和decipol（空气品质感知值）作为评价空气品质的指标，借助于流场计算的PHOENICS软件。模拟分析了在冬、夏季工况下，采用不同的送、回风口位置的组合形式时，客车内速度场、温度场和浓度场的分布倩况，研究结果从满足室内空气品质和人体热舒适的角度给出了冬、夏季工况下宜采用的气流组织形式。     

办公楼地板送风系统应用与研究现状

就地板送风的系统特点、室内气流分布、热舒适与室内空气品质、送风静压层的性能、室内冷负荷和风机能耗等方面介绍了国内外的研究现状。指出有待于进一步研究的一些方面。     

气流组织对空调房间空气环境影响的数值模拟

针时相同室内条件、不同气流组织形式下的各种模型,运用暖通空调专用数值模拟软件Airpark,对室内速度场、温度场进行了数值模拟计算.并应用模拟结果分析不同气流组织形式下的空气品质和人体热舒适,为空调室内的气流组织形式优化设计及舒适性提供了研究依据.     

动态热环境下人体热舒适的实验研究

室内热环境是影响人体热舒适的关键因素,研究动态热环境下人体的热舒适温度范围,对促进建筑节能有着重要的意义。本文以深圳市某居住小区的住户为研究对象,在动态的室内环境中,测试分析了不同状况下的人体热舒适温度和自然通风的热舒适性效果,提出了有关建议:住宅建筑应尽量采用自然通风来达到舒适性要求,在自然通风无法满足要求时,可采用风扇等其他机械通风方式;空调状态下人体热舒适温度在国家标准规定的26℃基础上可适当提高1～2℃。     

上海地区适应性热舒适研究

为研究上海地区人体热感觉和适应性热舒适现状,通过环境参数测量和问卷调查结合的方式来分析和探讨室内外气候条件、服装热阻、热感觉等关系。本文主要涉及自然通风建筑内人体热感觉和热中性温度随季节变化的关系。结果表明:在适应性热舒适研究中,人体中性温度与室外环境温度具有较强的相关性,得到的上海地区适应性热舒适模型可为适合我国自身特点的热舒适研究提供依据。     

空调房间冬季室内致适参数的分析与研究

从人体热舒适感觉和室内空气品质方面分析了空调房间室内舒适性的影响因素,根据测试结果给出了致适范围,提出了工程应用中的注意的问题。     

湖北山区农宅热环境及居民热舒适调查研究

基于2 171份来自湖北山区罗田县农宅冬、夏两季室内外热环境和热舒适问卷,真实再现了当地住宅室内冬季寒冷、夏季湿热的恶劣热环境和当地居民强大的热适应能力;并通过比较研究发现现有的自然通风状态热舒适评价模型在夏季能较好地预测当地农民的热舒适感受,而在冬季预测能力较低;当地农宅室内适应性热舒适区间与我国现行设计标准也较为吻合。     

室内机位置对室内热舒适影响数值模拟分析

用CFD方法数值模拟了分体式空调器室内机在室内摆放位置不同时,在相同送风温度和送风速度下,对室内温度场、速度场以及热舒适性的影响.模拟结果表明:相同送风温度和送风速度情况下,不同的室内机位置产生了不同的室内温度场、速度场;与室内布局相适宜的室内机摆放位置可以改善室内舒适度.     

Improved indoor thermal comfort during defrost with a novel reverse-cycle defrosting method for air source heat pumps

When an air-source heat pump (ASHP) unit is used for space heating at a low ambient temperature in winter, frost may be formed on its outdoor coil surface. Frosting affects its operational performance and energy efficiency, and therefore periodic defrosting is necessary. Currently, the most widely used standard defrosting method for ASHP units is reverse-cycle defrost. During a standard reverse-cycle defrosting process, the indoor coil in an ASHP unit actually acts as an evaporator, therefore, no heating is provided and hence indoor air temperature in a heated space can drop. Furthermore, a longer period of time is needed before space heating can become available immediately after the completion of defrosting. Consequently, occupants’ thermal comfort may be adversely affected. To improve the indoor thermal comfort for occupants during reverse-cycle defrosting, a novel thermal energy storage (TES) based reverse-cycle defrosting method has been developed and the improvement to occupants’ thermal comfort experimentally evaluated and is reported in this paper. Comparative experiments using both the novel TES based reverse-cycle defrosting method and the standard reverse-cycle defrosting method were carried out. Experimental results and the evaluated indoor thermal comfort indexes clearly suggested that when compared to the use of standard reverse-cycle defrost, the use of the novel reverse-cycle defrosting method can help achieve improved indoor thermal comfort, with a shorter defrosting period and a higher indoor supply air temperature during defrosting.     

人体热舒适与室内空气品质研究——回顾，现状与展望

综述人体热舒适和室内空气品质研究的历史和现状,展望该研究的发展趋势。     

Evidence base prioritisation of indoor comfort perceptions in Malaysian typical multi-storey hostels

This study focuses on assessing the effects of the indoor climate in typical multi-storey hostels in Malaysia on student occupants through objective, subjective and evidence based prioritisation measurements. The objective measurements consisted of operative temperature; daylight ratio; luminance and indoor noise level. The subjective measurements were sampled from the student occupants' thermal, visual, acoustics and overall indoor comfort votes. The prioritisation measurement using Multiple Linear Regression and Friedman Tests assessed the relationship between physical indoor thermal, visual and acoustics conditions and students' overall indoor comfort perception vote. Findings suggest that subjective sensor ratings were significantly more reliable than objective measurements at predicting overall indoor comfort. Moreover, students living in hostel rooms with projected balconies voted that they were more satisfied with their indoor condition than the ones living in rooms without projected balconies. The results of this study also provide evidence that student occupants were more concerned with their rooms' thermal condition then followed by acoustics and finally visual conditions.     

我国湿热地区自然通风建筑夏季热舒适研究——以广州为例

2008年夏季对广州某高校学生在自然通风建筑中进行了501人次的热舒适现场调查,调查内容包括热感觉、热舒适度、热可接受度及潮湿感,并对相应的室内干球温度、相对湿度、黑球温度和风速等热环境参数进行了测试记录。通过对数据的整理分析发现,自然通风建筑的夏季室内温湿度均高于ASHRAE标准的舒适区域,但人们对该环境有较好的适应性。调查结果表明,我国湿热地区自然通风建筑的热中性温度为28.1℃(ET*=29.3℃),可接受的热环境温度的上限为29.7℃(ET*=30.9℃),相对湿度上限为78%。     

空调房间气流组织与人体热舒适

介绍了人体热舒适的定义和环境影响因素:空气温度、空气速度、相对湿度和平均辐射温度。分析了气流组织与人体热舒适的关系。以下送风空调为例,阐述了此种空调方式的气流组织形式及其对人体热舒适的影响。     

A simplified model of thermal comfort

The purpose of conditioning the air in a building is to provide a safe and comfortable environment for its occupants. Satisfaction with the environment is composed of many components, the most important of which is thermal comfort. The principal environmental factors that affect human comfort are air temperature, mean radiant temperature, humidity, and air speed; virtually all heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems, however, are usually controlled only by an air-temperature set-point. Significant efficiency improvements could be achieved if HVAC systems responded to comfort levels rather than air-temperature levels. The purpose of this report is to present a simplified model of thermal comfort based on the original work of Fanger, who related thermal comfort to total thermal stress on the body. The simplified solutions allow the calculation of predicted mean vote (PMV) and effective temperature which (in the comfort zone) are linear in the air temperature and mean radiant temperature, and quadratic in the dew point, and which can be calculated without any iteration. In addition to the mathematical expressions, graphical solutions are presented.