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随着城市化进程的逐步推进,道路系统延伸到城市及乡村的各个角落,在给人类带来诸多发展硕果的同时,也对整个生态环境造成巨大的破坏和影响。低冲击开发理念指导下的道路生态化改造,针对道路的规划、设计、铺装以及绿化带进行合理调整,在很大程度上改善道路系统对周边生境的负面影响,促进人类社会与生态环境协调可持续发展。 相似文献
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在分析我国道路建设与环境关系现状的基础上,论述了在保持道路建设高速发展的同时保护生态环境的意义,提出了在道路建设中保护生态环境的措施。 相似文献
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本文概括了道路设立的生态理念,分别为节约资源、低污染以及以人为本设计原则,并详细介绍了将生态理念融入道路设计的具体措施,分别是减少道路建设对原有生态环境的影响、采用环保型材料以及优化地面排水系统。 相似文献
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结合我国实际情况,从密集的路网消耗土地资源、破坏道路周边的植被、汽车尾气污染严重等方面,分析了交通运输业对生态环境的影响,指出只有打造生态友好、布局科学、集约高效的交通运输体系,才能实现生态环境的可持续发展。 相似文献
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Alan Cooper 《Landscape and urban planning》1995,31(1-3)
Comparison of the scaled hierarchical structure of a multivariate land classification of Northern Ireland, with land class ordinations based on field-derived land cover, has been made. Land class distribution on the land cover ordination was reflected in the hierarchical structure of the land classification. This correlation contributes to a validation of the land classification as a sample stratification for landscape ecological survey.Land class ordination gave insight into the distribution of ecological resources in the landscape. Upland land classes showed the greatest degree of separation, indicating a greater heterogeneity of land cover compared with the lowlands. The lowland land classes showed much less spatial separation on the ordination, a characteristic that probably relates to agricultural intensification.The distribution of the lowland land classes on the ordination was correlated with climatic, geological and landform gradients. This indicates regional differences in the farmed landscape and demonstrates the value of the land classification for stratifying landscape ecological survey and developing countryside management strategies. 相似文献
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Map of ecological networks for landscape planning 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper presents a method based on a geographical information system (GIS) to model ecological networks in a fragmented landscape. The ecological networks are generated with the help of a landscape model (which integrate human activities) and with a wildlife dispersal model. The main results are maps which permit the analysis and the understanding of the impact of human activities on wildlife dispersal. Three applications in a study area are presented: ecological networks at the landscape scale, conflicting areas at the farmstead scale and ecological distance between biotopes. These applications show the flexibility of the model and its potential to give information on ecological networks at different planning scales. 相似文献
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关于防止新农村建设可能带来的破坏、乡土文化景观保护和工业遗产保护的三个建议 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
介绍了给国务院领导和有关部委的3项建议,指出,(1)国土生态安全乃国家头等大事,若要高效地维护脆弱的中国大地的生态健康和安全,必须建立具有综合功能的、结构完整的景观安全格局:(2)建立中华大地上的乡土遗产景观网络是维护和谐安定社会的根基,同时乡土遗产景观与生态安全格局密不可分;(3)大运河遗产廊道具有维护国土生态安全,强化民族文化认同,和建立南北休憩廊道等方面的战略意义,是国土生态安全格局和文化遗产网络的一条关键廊道,应尽快规划实施;(4)工业遗产是人类文化遗产的有机组成部分,应该像重视文物那样重视保护中国近现代工业遗产,同时要科学、合理、艺术地利用这些遗产。 相似文献
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城市景观及城市景观生态研究的重点 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
提出城市景观具有人类主导性、生态脆弱性和景观破碎性3大特点,城市景观的斑块、廊道和本底等结构成分和组成要素,具有显著特点.城市景观中的物质流、能量流、人口流和信息流等,是维持城市景观结构的主要功能流.可以从景观整体、景观结构成分和景观格局、景观功能等多个方面,应用景观生态学原理和方法,开展城市景观生态研究.城市景观异质性,在维持城市结构和功能的可持续性方面,发挥着重要作用,在城市景观生态研究和规划实践中,都应将维护和提高城市景观异质性作为焦点问题之一,给予充分重视. 相似文献
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传统乡村景观是一种以整体人文生态系统为核心的典型文化景观,是具体地域文化的空间载体。随着城镇化进程的加速,传统乡村景观保护面临巨大挑战。以无锡市西部地区为研究对象,以乡村景观破碎化分析为切入点,通过乡村区域景观分类及破碎度评价体系构建对该区域内的传统乡村景观破碎化进行分析,并对分析结果予以生态化解读。在此基础上,通过以乡村景观人文生态网络与自然生态网络为核心的复合网络规划对无锡市西部地区的传统乡村景观进行系统的梳理、整合与保护,以期为区域传统乡村景观空间的保护提供新的视角。 相似文献
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R. H. G. 《Landscape and urban planning》2002,58(2-4)
The rural landscapes of Europe are in both a homogenisation and a fragmentations process. Regional differences are disappearing due to the dominating equalising impact of the worldwide market. If regional differences are not maintained and protected then the cultural landscapes of Europe and their biological diversity will decline and only remnants will remain. Models on agricultural management and data on landscape changes from all Europe confirm this. Regional differences have to be maintained through conscious environmental and ecological planning. Concepts for this have been developed in all countries in Europe, such as the ecostabilisation concept and the concept of ecological networks. Nature management by farmers is more and more accepted. Landscape planners should be aware of their changing role from designer towards negotiator with the actors in the landscape with different landscape functions and planning tasks in mind. 相似文献
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以景观综合评价为前提的景观生态保护规划 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
当前,国内风景旅游区开发普遍存在“破坏性”建设现象,有必要建立起以景观综合评价为前提的景观生态保护规划。重庆市仙女山国家森林公园总体规划中的生态保护规划,将以生态敏感度和景观敏感度为核心内容的景观综合评价作为景观生态保护和规划建设的基本依据和前提,注重以专业技术知识和技术科学体系为依据,以自然生态优先原则来协调人与自然的关系,同时采取行政立法、经济、科技等手段,以实现人和自然的和谐共生、持续协调发展。 相似文献
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南京南郊生态环境优越,历史文化遗存丰富.随着南京城市发展的南移,城市建设对南郊景观的影响将逐渐加强,对南郊景观进行科学的规划迫在眉睫.该文在对南郊现状景观调查与生态评价的基础上,按照景观生态规划总体格局原理以及"斑块-廊道-基质"模式,来研究构建南郊的生态化廊道体系和开敞空间景观格局,以期使其廊道、斑块及基质等景观要素的数量结构和空间分布趋于科学合理. 相似文献