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1.
Toni Mora 《The Annals of Regional Science》2008,42(4):911-927
Recent findings have indicated the existence of European regional clubs. In the following paper, we examine factors conditioning
the distribution of European regional GDPpc by estimating conditioned stochastic kernels, arguably the best method for whole
distribution or partial conditionings. We also compute conditioned Markov chains for the conditioning factors detected and
their sensitivity to changes in probability. Our results show that a country’s fiscal policies to reduce within country inequalities
remain the key factor in escaping from backward clubs, together with the integration of women into the labour market. The
average number of patents and low-tech manufacturing specialisation indexes are also considered key factors. 相似文献
2.
An exploratory modeling approach to investigate spatial variation in the levels of regional endogenous employment growth and
decline over the decade 1991–2001 is developed and applied to an analysis of the non–metropolitan regions (Local Government
Areas) in each of the five mainland States of Australia. For the dependent variable, the summation of the regional shift component
for change in total employment in major industry sectors1 over the decade 1991–2001, standardized by the size of the labor force at the beginning of the period, is used as a proxy
measure of regional endogenous growth. A general OLS model incorporating a set of 27 independent variables (measuring aspects
of industry structure, unemployment, occupational structure, population size and growth, human capital, income distribution,
and proximity to the coast and the state metropolitan region) is run, followed by a backward iterative statistical procedure
to reduce the complexity of the general model by eliminating statistically insignificant variables to arrive at a specific
model for each State.
1 17 of the first digit industry sector classifications under ANZSIC93 were used. 相似文献
3.
This paper examines the degree of polarization in the European Union regional per capita income distribution between 1977
and 1999 from several complementary perspectives. Specifically, we have combined a non-parametric analysis with the information
provided by various polarization measures proposed by the literature on personal income distribution. The results reveal that
the European regions tend to cluster into different per capita income classes during the study period. Nevertheless, the level
of intra-distribution mobility is relatively low, especially in regions at the upper and lower ends of the distribution. In
any event, regional polarization has decreased over time, as a consequence of various factors sometimes working in opposite
directions. Additionally, the empirical evidence provided reveals that the geographical location of the various regions and
the differences in their productivity levels, play a major role in explaining the polarization patterns observed in the European
Union. 相似文献
4.
A functional region is characterised by a high frequency of intra-regional interaction. The text analyses how functional regions can be identified by using labour market data. Three approaches are applied in this task, named the local labour market, commuting zone, and accessibility approach, respectively. The text includes an application using the Fyrstad region. The situation is also studied at two points in time. The outcomes using the different approaches are compared, and the results combined have a richer flavour.
相似文献
Michael OlssonEmail: |
5.
In this paper two models are developed in an attempt to elucidate the factors that influence the regional distribution of R&D labor across the regions of Greece. The first one is based on an adaptation of the [Guerrero and Seró (1997) Regional Studies 31:381–390] model to the Greek context treating the regional distribution of R&D labor as a function of the extent of agglomeration and the prevailing economic conditions. The second model extends the first one by taking into account two additional factors, viz. the production structure and infrastructure. The econometric results indicate the superior performance of the extended model in the context of Greece as well as attribute the location of R&D labor mainly on the diversification of industrial activity and the number of establishments in innovation-intensive sectors. It is therefore suggested that the stimulation of the regional production structure and infrastructure is essential for ‘knowledge-lagging’ regions.
相似文献
Dimitrios Tsagdis (Corresponding author)Email: |
6.
Mats Wilhelmsson 《The Annals of Regional Science》2009,43(3):645-668
Inventor networking has become both more feasible with improved telecommunication and more important as it usually produces
research of higher quality. Despite overwhelming evidence on the benefits of collaboration, patent data from 1994 to 2001
in Sweden demonstrate that inventor networks are not very common. Moreover, the spatial distribution of inventor networks
is not uniform. It appears that agglomeration measured both as employment density and as industry diversity, plays a role
in explaining networking. Our results indicate that inventor networks are more likely to exist in densely populated areas
with a diversified industry. Market size has a negative impact on networking in that we can observe that inventor networks
are less common in large metropolitan areas, ceteris paribus. Hence, it supports the proposition that networking can act as
a substitute to agglomeration. Our results also suggest that researchers in dense areas will not only collaborate more; they
will also collaborate over longer distance. 相似文献
7.
This paper analyses the importance of technological activities in explaining the differences in productivity among Spanish regions in the period 1986–1996. It quantifies the effect of the regions’ own technological innovation, and the externalities associated with technological capital, on regional development. The analysis is based on the estimation of production functions and an equation explaining total factor productivity. Although a positive significant effect is obtained at national level on a long-term horizon, the significance of the effect of technological activities on the productivity of the Spanish regions in the period 1987–1996 depends on the indicator used. However, the technological spillover effects between regions are always highly significant regardless of the indicator used.
相似文献
Joaquín MaudosEmail: Fax: +34-96-3190055 |
8.
Agglomeration,job flows and unemployment 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
John Francis 《The Annals of Regional Science》2009,43(1):181-198
This paper examines how job flows and unemployment vary across regions in the context of a New Economic Geography (NEG) model
with equilibrium employment. The in-migration that results from agglomeration economies leads to higher rates of both job
creation and job destruction. In-migration also leads to lower rates of unemployment suggesting that the regional effects
of job creation on unemployment dominate those of job destruction, a result consistent with empirical evidence. Since higher
rates of job destruction correspond to higher productivity the results demonstrate that a NEG model can provide a microfoundation
for labor market pooling. 相似文献
9.
In order to assess differences in living conditions across German regions we apply the hedonic approach of Rosen (Current
issues in urban economics, 1979) and Roback (J Polit Econ 90(6):1257–1278, 1982) to land-price and wage differences across
Germany’s counties. Employing a recent survey of more than half a million Germans on a wide range of social and political
issues we confirm that differences in amenities give rise to substantial differences in land prices. With regard to wages,
however, we find only little effects of amenities. Relying on the land-price effects we assess the quality of life in each
of the German counties and provide a comprehensive ranking. 相似文献
10.
Konstantina Gkritza Kumares C. Sinha Samuel Labi Fred L. Mannering 《The Annals of Regional Science》2008,42(3):545-563
The evaluation of transportation projects has traditionally been made by assessing changes in travel time, vehicle operating
cost, and safety. The broader, long-term effects on economic development (job, income and business growth) are a concern of
transportation planners and decision makers, but have often been overlooked due to the lack of a reliable impact-estimation
methodology and/or data. This paper presents a quantitative tool that can be used at the project-development phase to estimate
the economic-development impacts of different types of highway construction projects. Using data from Indiana, we develop
models that can be used to estimate the effects of geographic location, accessibility, and other factors on the economic-development
impacts of highway construction projects. Our models can also be used as a basis for programming and ranking a wide variety
of highway construction projects. 相似文献
11.
Shu-hen Chiang 《The Annals of Regional Science》2009,43(2):399-414
Economic base analysis suggests that export expansion should be the primary engine of regional economic growth and the most
commonly employed approach to identifying specialization is the location quotient (LQ). Similarly, the law of comparative
advantage represents a conceptual framework for determining the type of trade. However, several assumptions of the LQ limit
both its general applicability and usefulness. This study recommends that comparative advantage can provide another channel
to re-examine the LQ from the viewpoints of both interregional and international trade, where the former can correct the LQ
from dependence problems of the location theory and the latter inserts international trade into the LQ to show another vital
source of exports, especially for a small open economy and increasing globalization today. Furthermore, the optimal LQ is
obtained by integration of the above two new revisions to respond to all types of trade. Finally, the evidence finds that
differences in base employment between traditional and these new LQ indices are substantial and hence revised LQ should be
considered profoundly. 相似文献
12.
Roberta Capello 《The Annals of Regional Science》2008,42(4):747-767
Regional economics has just entered in its 1950s. It is a young discipline compared to other branches of the economy, yet
much work has been done in this field. A vast and rich number of theoretical and methodological approaches exists nowadays
to incorporate space into logical schemes, laws and models which regulate and interpret the formation of prices, demand, productive
capacity, levels of output and development, growth rates, and the distribution of income in conditions of unequal regional
endowments of resources. This contribution provides the state of the art in Regional Economics with the aim to highlight the
scientific achievements obtained so far and the theoretical and methodological gaps which still need to be filled out. Aspects
that run counter to general beliefs emerge by reading the original contributions of wellknown theoreticians, and will be presented.
Future challenges will emerge from a critical approach to the milestones achieved so far.
This paper is at the basis of a keynote lecture given at the 46° ERSA Conference, held in Volos, 30 August–3 September 2006. 相似文献
13.
The analysis estimates the economic returns on public spending by transportation and non-transportation functions vs. private
capital, using a panel data set for 48 contiguous states from 1989 through 2002. These actual spending dollars are used as
a more precise measure compared to apportioned state public capitals used in the existing literature. For each type of capital/spending,
the interstate spillovers were constructed in such a way that different states are weighted by commodity flows across the
states to reflect different degree of inter-state dependence. We find that when spending data rather than capital stock is
used, all of the interstate spillover effects are negative and statistically significant, suggesting that infrastructure investment
does not contribute to economic growth (at least not directly). Therefore, crowding out effects exist among states competing for both private and government funds, in particular if states are highly dependent
on allocation of federal funds. These results confirm the finding that previously estimated positive coefficients reflect
spurious correlation based on capital stocks and output. 相似文献
14.
Adolfo Cristobal-Campoamor 《The Annals of Regional Science》2009,43(2):527-558
This paper presents an East–West endogenous-growth model that reproduces recent stylized facts applicable to the trade liberalization
process of many developing countries: convergence with the rest of the world, higher internal divergence, increasing spatial
concentration of economic activity and higher growth rates. We claim that the ongoing reduction of manufacturing trade costs
may generate a net inflow of global demand towards the industrialized cores of developing countries. This will induce a reallocation
of labor from traditional to modern sectors. In turn, such a sectoral shift may enlarge the catch-up (imitation) potential
of developing countries and raise global growth rates, due to Grossman and Helpman’s complementarity between imitative and
innovative activities. Although advanced economies may become relatively worse off, the effect on growth rates may allow them
to gain in absolute terms. 相似文献
15.
André Varella Mollick Abigaíl Cortez-Rayas Rosa A. Olivas-Moncisvais 《The Annals of Regional Science》2006,40(1):95-116
Shift-share decompositions of employment positions created over 1990–2002 at U.S.–Mexico border cities show that El Paso employment change has been overwhelmingly attributed to national forces, while local and national forces roughly match employment creation at Brownsville. With such fast growing U.S.–Mexico border area as background, we implement time series labor demand models to these cities (El Paso and Brownsville) and compare movements in Mexican maquiladora production against U.S. employment and wages. Cointegration methods confirm that local shocks are more important in Brownsville than in El Paso. Specifically, 10% increases in Juárez maquiladora production lead to increases of 1.21% in El Paso’s government employment and of 0.88% in overall employment. Similar increases in Matamoros lead to gains of 1.59% in Brownsville’s trade, transportation and utilities employment and of 1.41% in overall employment. These results support shift-share findings and are generally consistent with a more diversified industry-mix promoting higher employment creation.
相似文献
Rosa A. Olivas-MoncisvaisEmail: |
16.
George W. Hammond 《The Annals of Regional Science》2006,40(1):81-94
This paper employs time series methods to analyze convergence across metropolitan and non-metropolitan regions during the 1969–2001 period. The results suggest that non-metropolitan regions are diverging from below the U.S. average income level, while metropolitan regions show mixed evidence of convergence. These summary results vary by geographic location and the size of the region, with medium-sized metropolitan regions showing the strongest tendencies to converge, while non-metropolitan areas with larger urban centers and small towns showed the strongest tendencies to diverge. Differences in human capital (as well as employment concentrations in farming and mining) appear to have influenced the relative performance of metropolitan and non-metropolitan regions during the last 30 years, suggesting a role for agglomeration economies in the observed trend toward divergence.
相似文献
George W. HammondEmail: Phone: +1-304-2937876Fax: +1-304-2937061 |
17.
Woocheon Jeong Kern O. Kymn Christine J. Kymn Brian Cushing 《The Annals of Regional Science》2006,40(1):133-145
This paper focuses on the “credit view” theory at the state level, which suggests that state-level banking sector health influences state-level real economic performance. Specifically, we extend typical analysis of the credit view theory, applying relevant state-level economic variables to consider whether the health of a state’s banking system affects capital investment loans and, in turn, whether growth of these loans affects a state’s economic performance. We develop a two-equation state-level model, use more refined measures of capital investment loans, and apply advanced dynamic pooled estimators to our panel of state data for the 1984–1993 period. Regression results support dynamic links among state bank health, state investment-oriented bank loans, and state economic performance, thus supporting existence of a state-level credit channel effect.
相似文献
Kern O. KymnEmail: Phone: +1-304-293-7867Fax: +1-304-293-5652 |
18.
Brian E. Whitacre 《The Annals of Regional Science》2008,42(3):661-679
This paper examines the shifting influence of household characteristics and telecommunications infrastructure on the residential
broadband adoption decision for Oklahoma residents between 2003 and 2006. In particular, the spread of wired telecommunications
infrastructure (namely cable Internet and Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL)) is examined, along with the effect that this diffusion
has had on broadband access rates. The data indicates that the gap in broadband access rates between rural and urban areas
has remained relatively constant over this period despite increased levels of cable and DSL throughout the state. In addition,
an inter-temporal decomposition shows that the increasing levels of infrastructure are not the dominant cause of higher broadband rates over time. Instead, shifting returns to specific characteristics (namely income)
are found to be the primary contributors. 相似文献
19.
Applying social network analysis in economic geography: framing some key analytic issues 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Social network analysis attracts increasing attention in economic geography. We claim social network analysis is a promising
tool for empirically investigating the structure and evolution of inter-organizational interaction and knowledge flows within
and across regions. However, the potential of the application of network methodology to regional issues is far from exhausted.
The aim of our paper is twofold. The first objective is to shed light on the untapped potential of social network analysis
techniques in economic geography: we set out some theoretical challenges concerning the static and dynamic analysis of networks
in geography. Basically, we claim that network analysis has a huge potential to enrich the literature on clusters, regional
innovation systems and knowledge spillovers. The second objective is to describe how these challenges can be met through the
application of network analysis techniques, using primary (survey) and secondary (patent) data. We argue that the choice between
these two types of data has strong implications for the type of research questions that can be dealt with in economic geography,
such as the feasibility of dynamic network analysis. 相似文献
20.
Sequencing and scheduling highway network expansion using a discrete network design model 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The motive behind this paper is to produce an NDP model that prescribes the final shape of a transportation network and the
sequence and schedule of facility construction during the planning span as well. The proposed bi-level NDP model fills the
gap between existing NDP models and practitioners’ needs because, in practice, planners have to select investment projects
on a year-by-year basis. Conversely, existing models suggest only the optimal network configuration for a planning horizon.
A genetic algorithm and a simulated annealing algorithm are proposed along with an exhaustive search algorithm as solution
algorithms. Testing these algorithms with an example problem revealed that the simulated annealing worked superiorly to the
genetic algorithm. The paper also demonstrates that the model is applicable to a real world problem by showing that the computational
time needed to solve the example problem is not prohibitively large. 相似文献