用于过采样Σ-△ A/D转换器的Σ-△调制器

分析并讨论了过采样∑-△A/D转换器中一阶、二阶及高阶级联结构的∑-△调制器的性能特点,并编写C语言程序进行行为级仿真,用PSpice进行电路级仿真,利用MATLAB工具对其结果进行分析.结果表明,∑-△调制器具有噪声整形特性,可以提高基带内的信噪比,且三阶级联结构中1-1-1结构性能最优.∑-△调制器与过采样技术相结合可构成高精度、低成本的A/D转换器.     

18位过采样∑△A／D变换器设计

本文介绍１８位精度音频（带宽２０ｋＨｚ）过采样∑△Ａ／Ｄ变换器．文中根据精度、阶数和过采样比关系，设计了４阶２－２结构∑△面调制器，在设计梳状抽频滤波器和波数字滤波器时分别应用了模数定理和硬件复用技术．在１．２μｍＣＭＯＳ工艺设计完成后，电路的结构和精度通过ＥＬＤＯ模拟器和Ｃ模拟器得到了验证．     

一种用于过采样∑-△ A／D转换器的抽取滤波器

采用0．8μm CMOS工艺，实现了一种用于过采样∑-△ A／D转换器的数字抽取滤波器。该滤波器采用多级结构，梳状滤波器作为首级，用最佳一致逼近算法设计的FIR滤波器作为末级，并通过位串行算法硬件实现。芯片测试表明，该滤波器对128倍过采样率、2阶∑-△调制器的输出码流进行处理得到的信噪比为75dB。     

A 16 bit Stereo Audio ΣΔ A/D Converter

提出了一种16位立体声音频新型稳定的5阶∑△A/D转换器.该转换器由开关电容∑△调制器、抽取滤波器和带隙基准电路构成.提出了一种新的稳定高阶调制器的方法和一种新的梳状滤波器.采用0.5μm 5V CMOS工艺实现∑△A/D转换器.∑△A/D转换器可以得到96dB的峰值SNR,动态范围为96dB.整个芯片面积只有4.1mm×2.4mm,功耗为90mW.     

一种16位音频∑△ A/D转换器

提出了一种16位立体声音频新型稳定的5阶∑△A/D转换器.该转换器由开关电容∑△调制器、抽取滤波器和带隙基准电路构成.提出了一种新的稳定高阶调制器的方法和一种新的梳状滤波器.采用0.5μm 5V CMOS工艺实现∑△A/D转换器.∑△A/D转换器可以得到96dB的峰值SNR,动态范围为96dB.整个芯片面积只有4.1mm×2.4mm,功耗为90mW.     

一种红外焦平面片上模数转换电路的设计

文章介绍了一种基于一阶Sigma-Delta（∑-△）过采样算法的红外焦平面片上模数转换电路的设计。片上模数转换电路是红外焦平面CMOS数字读出电路芯片的关键,需要综合考虑芯片的功耗、面积和速度要求来选择实现算法。文中首先回顾了红外焦平面片上模数转换电路的研究发展,然后阐述了一阶∑-△过采样ADC算法的原理,详细分析了实现算法的一种调制器电路结构和数字抽取滤波器结构,最后给出了一阶∑-△过采样ADC电路的仿真结果,显示精度10位,调制器模拟电路功耗约为15μw,并进行了误差分析。     

一种0.35 μm CMOS高精度Σ-Δ A/D转换器

提出了一种应用于MEMS压力传感器的高精度Σ-Δ A/D转换器。该电路由Σ-Δ调制器和数字抽取滤波器组成。其中,Σ-Δ调制器采用3阶前馈、单环、单比特量化结构。数字抽取滤波器由级联积分梳状(CIC)滤波器、补偿滤波器和半带滤波器(HBF)组成。采用TSMC 0.35 μm CMOS工艺和Matlab模型对电路进行设计与后仿验证。结果表明,该Σ-Δ A/D转换器的过采样比为2 048,信噪比为112.3 dB,精度为18.36 位,带宽为200 Hz,输入采样频率为819.2 kHz,通带波纹系数为±0.01 dB,阻带增益衰减为120 dB,输出动态范围为110.6 dB。     

用于微机械陀螺表头信号采集的∑ Δ ADC设计与实现

为实现微机械陀螺表头信号的高精度采集,采用基于过采样原理的∑-Δ 模数转换器（ADC）作为模数信号转换单元是一种新的选择。为此设计了一种二阶带通连续时间的∑ -Δ ADC,该 ∑-Δ ADC由二阶带通连续时间∑-Δ调制器和数字抽取滤波器组成。其中数字抽取滤波器通过两级抽取滤波实现,第一级是梳状滤波器（CIC）,第二级是有限冲击响应（FIR）补偿滤波器。通过Matlab/Simulink建模仿真和电路实验验证了所设计的∑-Δ ADC能对简化的微机械陀螺表头信号进行有效采集,仿真得到带内信噪比约为104 dB;经电路实验测得带内信噪比约为87 dB。     

用于微机械陀螺表头信号采集的∑-Δ ADC设计与实现

为实现微机械陀螺表头信号的高精度采集,采用基于过采样原理的∑-Δ模数转换器(ADC)作为模数信号转换单元是一种新的选择。为此设计了一种二阶带通连续时间的∑-ΔADC,该∑-ΔADC由二阶带通连续时间∑-Δ调制器和数字抽取滤波器组成。其中数字抽取滤波器通过两级抽取滤波实现,第一级是梳状滤波器(CIC),第二级是有限冲击响应(FIR)补偿滤波器。通过Matlab/Simulink建模仿真和电路实验验证了所设计的∑-ΔADC能对简化的微机械陀螺表头信号进行有效采集,仿真得到带内信噪比约为104dB;经电路实验测得带内信噪比约为87dB。     

24位高精度音频ΣΔDAC

文章介绍了一种应用于高品质音频领域的24位∑Δ数-模转换器（∑ΔDAC）。用两个半带滤波器和一个梳状滤波器来实现64倍的过采样。优化设计选择了多位∑Δ调制器用CT输出级用来实现高信噪比，并降低系统对时钟抖动的敏感度。DWA算法被用来实现数字-模拟接口的线性特性。整个DAC的信噪比达到96dB，动态范围90dB。采用中芯国际0．131μm工艺，整个电路面积为1．5mm^2。     

A monolithic 2-b delta-sigma A/D converter

A monolithic 20-b analog-to-digital (A/D) converter using oversampling techniques which is implemented in standard 3-μm CMOS technology is described. The integrated circuit contains a fourth-order delta-sigma modulator and a digital finite-impulse-response filter and decimator. The modulator consists of a continuous-time chopper-stabilized front end, and a switched-capacitor loop filter and comparator. The dynamic range is 123 dB over a DC-to-500-Hz bandwidth, and the signal-to-noise-harmonic-distortion ratio is 126 dB. The chip consumes 125 mW power and has an area of 29.25 mm²     

A 5-V single-chip delta-sigma audio A/D converter with 111 dBdynamic range

A 5-V 24-b audio delta-sigma A/D converter has been developed. The single chip integrates stereo delta-sigma modulators, a voltage reference, and a decimation filter. A fourth-order cascaded delta-sigma modulator using a local feedback technique was employed to avoid overload without sacrifice in noise performance. A two-stage decimation filter architecture which reduces digital noise was developed. A new multistage comb filter was used for the first-stage, and a bit-serial finite impulse response (FIR) filter was used for the second stage. The 25.8 mm² chip was fabricated in 0.7-μm CMOS with low threshold MOS devices. Measured results show 111 dB dynamic range and 103 dB peak signal-to-(noise plus distortion)S/(N+D)     

A high-frequency and high-resolution fourth-order /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ A/D converter in BiCMOS technology

A high-performance cascaded sigma-delta modulator is presented. It has a new three-stage fourth-order topology and provides functionally a maximum signal to quantization noise ratio of 16 bits and 16.5-bit dynamic range with an oversampling ratio of only 32. This modulator is implemented with fully differential switch-capacitor circuits and is manufactured in a 2-/spl mu/m BiCMOS process. The converter, operated from +/-2.5 V power supply, +/-1.25 V reference voltage and oversampling clock of 48 MHz, achieves 97 dB resolution at a Nyquist conversion rate of 1.5 MHz after comb-filtering decimation. The power consumption of the converter is 180 mW.<>     

A Nyquist-rate delta-sigma A/D converter

This paper describes an analog-to-digital converter which combines multiple delta-sigma modulators in parallel so that time oversampling may be reduced or even eliminated. By doubling the number of Lth-order delta-sigma modulators, the resolution of this architecture is increased by approximately L bits. Thus, the resolution obtained by combining M delta-sigma modulators in parallel with no oversampling is similar to operating the same modulator with an oversampling rate of M. A parallel delta-sigma A/D converter implementation composed of two, four, and eight second-order delta-sigma modulators is described that does not require oversampling. Using this prototype, the design issues of the parallel delta-sigma A/D converter are explored and the theoretical performance with no oversampling and with low oversampling is verified. This architecture shows promise for obtaining high speed and resolution conversion since it retains much of the insensitivity to nonideal circuit behavior characteristic of the individual delta-sigma modulators     

14-bit 2.2-MS/s sigma-delta ADC's

This paper presents the design and test results of a fourth-order and sixth-order 14-bit 2.2-MS/s sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The analog modulator and digital decimator sections were implemented in a 0.35 μm CMOS double-poly triple-level metal 3.3-V process. The design objective for these ADC's was to achieve 85 dB signal-to-noise distortion ratio (SNDR) with less than 200 mW power dissipation. Both modulators employ a cascade sigma-delta topology. The fourth-order modulator consists of two cascaded second-order stages which include 1-bit and 5-bit quantizers, respectively. The sixth-order modulator has a 2-2-2 cascade structure and 1-bit quantizer at the end of each stage. An oversampling ratio of 24 was selected to give the best SNDR and power consumption with realizable gain-matching requirements between the analog and digital sections     

A 90-dB SNR 2.5-MHz output-rate ADC using cascaded multibitdelta-sigma modulation at 8× oversampling ratio

A 16-b 2.5-MHz output-rate analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for wireline communications and high-speed instrumentation has been developed. A 2-1-1 cascaded delta-sigma modulator (DSM) employing 4-b quantizers in every stage makes all quantization noise sources negligible at 8× oversampling ratio, Data weighted averaging with bi-directional rotation eliminates tones generated by multibit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) nonlinearity to increase the spurious-free dynamic-range (SFDR). Switched-capacitor design techniques using low-threshold transistors reduce front-end sampling distortion. The 24.8 mm² chip in 0.5-μm CMOS also integrates the decimation filter and voltage reference. The ADC achieves 90-dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the 1.25-MHz bandwidth and 102-dB SFDR with 270-mW power dissipation     

Cascade delta-sigma modulator with pseudo-differential comparator-based switched-capacitor gain stage

A low-power, multi-stage delta-sigma modulator with comparator-based switched-capacitor (CBSC) gain stages is presented. The presented design eliminates the need for operational amplifiers and replaces them by comparators with current sources at their outputs to alleviate the effects of continued technology scaling on analog and mixed-signal circuits. The proposed technique significantly reduces power consumption and can be applied to switched-capacitor delta-sigma modulators of arbitrary order. Based on the proposed methodology, a 2-1 cascade, single-bit, pseudo-differential switched-capacitor delta-sigma modulator is developed and achieves a SNDR of 76.8 dB with an oversampling ratio of 64 at a clock frequency of 8 MHz.     

Force-balance interface circuit based on floating MOSFET capacitors for micro-machined capacitive accelerometers

The feasibility of a force-balance interface based on a second-order delta-sigma (/spl Delta//spl Sigma/) modulator for capacitive sensors has been analyzed in order to delimit the requirements to assure system stability for a given set of constraints related to the sensor-modulator system. A /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulator based on a switched-capacitor architecture with floating MOSFET capacitors has been implemented using a 0.7-/spl mu/m CMOS process. Nonlinear effects related to voltage dependence of the floating MOSFET capacitors have been avoided using a modulator architecture based on charge integrators. The behavior of the new proposed modulator has been measured experimentally and compared with an equivalent interface made with lineal capacitors. Similar results were obtained from both systems. In both circuits, the modulator resolution was better than 14 bits at a sample frequency of 250 kHz, and oversampling ratio of 256.     

Single-loop delta-sigma modulator with swing suppression

A single-loop higher-order delta-sigma modulator with a new loop topology is presented. The loop-filter is composed of both feedback and feedforward paths. No active summing element is required in the modulator implementation. The modulator has low integrator output swings and a high input dynamic range, resulting in relaxed op-amp requirements even for low-voltage operation. Simulation results of a fourth-order modulator having the proposed loop filter are also given     

A stable high-order delta-sigma modulator with an FIR spectrumdistributor

A stable high-order delta-sigma modulator topology is presented. The topology can be completely stabilized for arbitrary order by a finite impulse response (FIR) spectrum distribution technique. The stability of the modulator is examined by means of the root locus method. The topology inherently has less sensitivity to component mismatch, and can be realized without any hardware penalty compared to noise-shaping integrators of the same order. The modulator realizes 16-b resolution at 20-kHz bandwidth when a filter order of four and an oversampling ratio of 64 are employed