硬脂酸镧对硅烷交联LLDPE热性能和力学性能的影响

通过热重分析(TG)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、维卡软化点测定及拉伸性能测试等手段研究了稀土化合物硬脂酸镧对硅烷交联线性低密度聚乙烯LLDPE(SXLLDPE)性能的影响。结果发现,添加硬脂酸镧可极大地提高SXLLDPE的热氧分解温度,当硬脂酸镧质量分数达5%时,提高幅度已接近50℃。同时,添加硬脂酸镧可使SXLLDPE凝胶部分的结晶和熔融占主导地位,但结晶度没有发生明显变化。硬脂酸镧的加入没有改变SXLLDPE的热变形行为,说明硬脂酸镧与稀土化合物和高分子链段间的相互作用没有直接关联。另外,硬脂酸镧的加入不会导致SXLLDPE的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的明显下降。     

新型淀粉填充型塑料地膜的研制

以低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）、高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）及线性低密度聚乙烯（LLDPE）为基体,加入适量的改性淀粉及聚乙烯蜡,在单螺杆挤出机上实现增容共混过程,制备出具有良好实用性能的塑料地膜．探讨了LDPE、HDPE、LLDPE三种树脂的共混配比、改性淀粉加入量、聚乙烯蜡加入量等对塑料地膜材料力学性能的影响,利用扫描电镜表征了塑料膜的亚微观相态,并考察了塑料膜的生物降解性能．结果表明,聚乙烯蜡的加入可明显改善共混树脂与改性淀粉的相容性,并可提高塑料膜的力学性能和生物降解性能．     

三种方法制备HDPE/LDHs复合材料的性能比较

分别采用硬脂酸表面改性、高密度聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐(HDPE-g-MA)熔融接枝水滑石(LDHs)、乙烯丙烯酸无规共聚物(EAA)熔融接枝水滑石与高密度聚乙烯共混挤出制备纳米复合材料。结果表明,采用EAA接枝水滑石较其他两种方法制备的HDPE/LDHs冲击性能可提高25%以上,拉伸强度可提高35%以上;差示扫描量热(DSC)和X射线衍射(WAXD)等方法证实,EAA熔融接枝LDHs提高了LDHs在HDPE中的分散,有利于HDPE结晶,晶粒细化。采用EAA熔融接枝LDHs填充HDPE可制备性能优异的聚烯烃纳米复合材料。     

聚乙烯蜡的氧化及阳离子乳化工艺

用硬脂酸锌作催化荆,空气氧化法制备氧化聚乙烯蜡.结果表明,在温度160℃～170℃,空气流量为800 L/h,催化荆用量为1.0%～2.0%的条件下氧化聚乙烯蜡6 h,可制得酸值20.0 rag KOH/g～25.0 mg KOH/g蜡的氧化蜡;红外光谱分析表明氧化后蜡分子中引入了羧基、羰基等官能团.对氧化蜡用阳非离子...     

国内外聚乙烯工业现状和发展趋势

聚乙烯(PE)是通用合成树脂中产量最大的品种，主要包括低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)及一些具有特殊性能的产品。其特点是价格便宜，性能较好，可广泛应用于工业、农业及日常生活中，在塑料工业中占有举足轻重的地位。     

可光降解聚乙烯薄膜中光敏剂的研制

介绍了可降解塑料光敏剂硬脂酸过渡金属盐（RSt3）的研制，用红外光谱，DSC，TGA，力学性能测试等分析手段对其进行了表征，并对硬脂酸盐在聚乙烯薄膜中的光降解性能作了一定的探讨，结果表明，在聚乙烯薄膜中加科0．1％-0．5％RSt3即可将聚乙烯薄膜的使用寿命控制在要求的范围内。     

常用塑料包装材料优劣对比

聚乙烯(PE):聚乙烯是世界上产量最大的合成树脂,也是消耗量很大的塑料包装材料,约占塑料包装材料的30%。低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)透明度较好,柔软、伸长率大,抗冲击性与耐低温性较HDPE为优,在各类包装中用量仍较大,但作为食品包装材料其缺点较明显;高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)具有较高的结晶度,允许较高的使用温度,     

液晶型成核剂的合成及对聚乙烯结晶行为的影响--(Ⅱ)液晶型成核剂对HDPE结晶行为及晶体形态的影响

采用DSC、热台偏光显微镜(HS-POM)和TGA研究了聚4-(4-甲氧基)-二酚氧羰基酚丙烯酸酯(PACDHP)对高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)非等温结晶行为、晶体形态和热稳定性的影响．结果表明,当PACDHP用量为HDPE用量的0．25％～0．5％时可以促进HDPE的结晶,从而加快HDPE的结晶速度,提高HDPE的结晶度,同时,可降低HDPE晶粒的尺寸并使其分布更为均匀。实验证明PACDHP是高密度聚乙烯的一种有效成核剂。     

改性石墨烯/高密度聚乙烯复合材料PTC性能研究

以高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)为基体,改性的石墨烯为导电填料,采用熔融法制备正温度系数(PTC)的改性石墨烯/高密度聚乙烯复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜、热重测试仪以及拉伸测试仪等,观察改性石墨烯/高密度聚乙烯复合材的微观形貌,研究改性石墨烯含量对复合材料热稳定性的影响以及拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:石墨烯在HDPE基体中分散性较好,在室温电阻率同为18.5Ω·㎝条件下,改性前复合材料耐电压冲击为250V,改性后复合材料耐电压冲击为400V,改性后的石墨烯加入HDPE,能够明显地提高复合材料增强耐电压性能,在石墨烯用量同为8.0%(体积百分数)条件下,改性前石墨烯的复合材料拉伸强度为25.6MPa,改性后石墨烯的复合材料拉伸强度为27.7MPa,改性后的石墨烯加入HDPE,能够明显提高复合材料的拉伸强度。     

LLDPE/HDPE/MMT纳米复合材料的制备及性能研究

以线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、有机改性的蒙脱土(MMT)为主要原料,选用乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯接枝马来酸酐(EVA-g-MAH)作为增容剂,采用熔融插层法制备了线性低密度聚乙烯/高密度聚乙烯/蒙脱土(LLDPE/HDPE/MMT)纳米复合材料。通过X射线衍射(XRD)分析蒙脱土在聚乙烯基体中的分散情况,并研究蒙脱土的含量对其在基体中分散效果的影响。TG实验结果表明,蒙脱土的加入使LLDPE/HDPE/MMT纳米复合材料的热稳定性得到很大的提高。由DSC曲线可以得出,加入蒙脱土的复合材料相比于纯聚合物,其熔点和热分解温度都有很大的提高,提高程度与蒙脱土的含量有关。     

短切碳纤维表面处理对木粉/高密度聚乙烯复合材料性能的影响

木粉（WF）填充增强高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）复合材料具有良好的环境效益,少量引入短切碳纤维（SCF）可进一步提高其力学性能。为改善SCF与WF/HDPE复合材料中塑料基体的界面结合,提高SCF在WF/HDPE复合材料中的增强作用,采用气相、液相及气液双效氧化3种表面处理方式处理SCF,通过挤出工艺制备短切碳纤维增强木粉/高密度聚乙烯复合材料（SCF-WF/HDPE）,探讨了不同处理方法对SCF-WF/HDPE复合材料性能的影响。SEM观察显示,表面处理增大了SCF的表面粗糙度,可提高其与基体的界面结合;动态力学性能分析证实碳纤维提高了存储模量。测试结果表明：表面处理过的短切碳纤维可使SCF-WF/HDPE复合材料的力学性能、热力学性能和蠕变性能均得到显著提高,其中气相表面处理的效果最好。对比WF/HDPE复合材料,SCF-WF/HDPE的拉伸强度提高了34.5%,弯曲强度提高了23%,冲击强度提高了54.7%。     

聚合物熔体在压力振动场中的流变行为

在熔体的流动过程中叠加脉动的压力振幅,研究了压力振动场对聚合物熔体的流动性能的影响。表观黏度随着压力振幅、振频的增加而明显下降,当压力振幅为29.7 M Pa时,高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、聚丙烯(PP)和丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)表观黏度最大的降低幅度分别为99%、99%和94.3%;随着振频的增加,黏度迅速下降,当振频大于0.70 H z之后,增加振频对黏度的影响不大,HDPE、PP和ABS表观黏度随振频增加而降低,幅度分别为48.9%、82.9%、66.7%,可见压力振动场能明显地改善聚合物熔体的流动行为。     

磷酸单酯偶联剂改性羟基磷灰石/高密度聚乙烯复合人工骨材料的制备和性能

采用磷酸单酯偶联剂对羟基磷灰石( HA) 进行表面改性处理, 通过熔融共混复合等工艺制备了改性HA/ 高密度聚乙烯( HDPE) 复合人工骨材料。用IR、TGA 和燃烧实验对复合材料的结构和组成进行了表征, 并对复合材料的流变性能、热稳定性、力学性能进行了初步研究。结果表明,所制备的改性HA/ HDPE 复合材料比未改性HA/ HDPE 具有更好的流变性能和机械力学性能, 组成均一, 具有良好的热稳定性, 通过控制复合材料中改性HA 及HDPE 配比, 可制备出机械力学性能优良的复合人工骨材料, 在生物医学材料研究中具有重要意义。      

羧化聚乙烯蜡改善HDPE/CaCO_3填充体系流变性能的研究EI

采用以马来酸酐接枝改性的聚乙烯齐聚物作为HDPE/CaCO_3填充体系的流动改性剂,通过对试样的显微分析、红外分析、流变性能测试以及机械性能测定,表明该接枝改性的聚乙烯齐聚物促进了CaCO_3在HDPE中的均匀分散,显著改善了HDPE/CaCO_3填充体系的熔体流动性,同时也提高了该复合材料的机械性能,     

Effect of synthesized zinc stearate on the properties of natural rubber vulcanizates in the absence and presence of some fillers

Zinc stearate was synthesized by precipitation method through two steps; neutralization of stearic acid by sodium hydroxide then double decomposition using zinc sulphate to precipitate zinc stearate. Mass balances of the two steps were calculated and the physical properties of the prepared zinc stearate were measured and compared to standard. It was characterized and incorporated it into natural rubber in the absence and presence of some filler through mixing process of rubber. The vulcanization process was carried out at 142 °C. The rheological properties of natural rubber mixes were measured using oscillating disc rheometer. The plysico-mechanical properties of the vulcanizates were determined using tensile testing machine. It was found that, partial and complete replacement of synthesized zinc stearate instead of the conventional zinc oxide and stearic acid; enhanced the physico-mechanical properties of natural rubber. The measured reinforcing parameter value α_f can be arranged according to the type of filler as follows:     

Melt blend studies of nanoclay-filled polypropylene (PP)–high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites

The objective of this work is to study how the rheological factors of unfilled and nanoclay-filled HDPE–PP blend series influence the structure, morphology, and mixing characteristics. For this study, a series of HDPE–PP blends (0–100 wt % HDPE), with and without nanoclay, was prepared by using melt-mixing method. Nanoclay was varied from 0 to 5 wt % in all the blend and polymer series. The rheological properties were examined by melt viscosity, scanning electron microscopy, and theory of mixing. The result indicated that the viscosity of the blend increased as HDPE and nanoclay content increased, and also affected the structure and morphology of the resulting blend. The thermal properties were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry and suggest improved crystalline and melting characteristics of PP and PP-rich phase of blend. The structure of nanoclay-filled blend was examined by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, confirming the formation of nanocomposite with improved tensile properties.     

Influence of a fine talc on the properties of composites with high density polyethylene and polyethylene/polystyrene blends

Fine talc filled high density polyethylene (HDPE) and HDPE/polystyrene (PS) blends were extruded, injection moulded and characterized. Some of the mechanical properties of the talc filled HDPE and talc filled 75/25 HDPE/PS blend were deduced from stress–strain measurements. A comparison between the effect of the talc on the properties of the filled HDPE and filled 75/25 HDPE/PS blend showed that the mineral filler had the same effect on both systems provided that its array in the organic matrix is almost the same in both cases. In fact, the rheological results proved that the dispersion of talc in the HDPE matrix was not really affected by the presence of PS. The study particularly focused on the effect of talc on the ultimate tensile strength of the filled HDPE and that of the filled blend. It has been noted that the brittle nature of PS neutralizes, to a certain extent, the degrading effect of talc on this property. Furthermore, both PS and talc have a complementary effect on the stiffness and the resilience of HDPE/PS/talc blend composites.     

Ionomer Toughened Polyolefine

The morphology and properties of HDPE blends with Zn-SEPDM and GR were studied through SEM and mechanical property test. The results show that as Zn-SEPDM/GR content amounts to 20%, the blend becomes an IPN in structure, and that a rather high impact and tensile strength of HDPE may be obtained after blending. The antistatic effect, the softening point,and HDT of the blend are higher as compared to HDPE/Zn-SEPDM/ZnSt (zinc stearate).The effect of Zn-SEPDM on the compatibility the morphology and properties of IPP blends were studied by DSC, TEM and mechanical properties test. The results show that as Zn-SEPDM content exceeds 20%. Zn-SEPDM in the blend becomes continuous and an abrupt change in impact strength is incurred there from. Owing to the incorporation of ionic groups into EPDM.the strong interactions betWeen the chains make both the impact and the tensile strength of IPP remarkably higher     

Effects of modified and non-modified clay on the rheological behavior of high density polyethylene

HDPE nanocomposites containing 2.5, 5 and 10 wt.% of non-modified and modified clays (NMC and MC) were prepared by melt extrusion in a twin screw extruder. Compression molded samples were prepared. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated a partial intercalation of the modified clay nanofiller within the HDPE matrix comparing to that of non-modified clay. The moduli of nanocomposites increased with increase in nanofiller concentration; but this increase was greater in the low frequency region. The non-modified clay had a greater increase in the elastic behavior, while the modified clay increased viscose behavior because of more interactions with the matrix and partial intercalation. The rheological behaviors of both HDPE/NMC and HDPE/MC nanocomposites are more sensitive to nanoparticles’ concentration at low frequencies. The HDPE/MC nanocomposites showed semi-circle shapes comparing to HDPE/NMC nanocomposites. While the Cole–Cole plot of HDPE/NMC nanocomposite had more departure of semi-circle shape. The agglomerated particles could concentrate the imposed stress so the yield stress reached at lower shear rates comparing to pure HDPE and HDPE filled 2.5 wt.% NMC nanocomposite. Study of suspension models showed that the Eilers-Van Dijck and Einsten models fitted to almost experimental data satisfactorily.     

Influence of the Physicochemical Variability of Magnesium Stearate on Its Lubricant Properties: Possible Solutions

The variability of the physicochemical properties of 13 commercial batches of magnesium stearate (from three vendors) were determined using various physicochemical tests. Differences observed were related to the crystal lattice and the hydration state of the samples as well as the impurities contained in their matrices. A formulation model containing 2% of magnesium stearate was used to determine the lubricant properties of 6 of the 13 magnesium stearate lots received. The tablet press used was a Stoks® Single Station Instrumented F Press. The different lubricant properties observed were related to the particle size of the magnesium stearate lot used. The influence of the crystalline structure on the lubricant properties of magnesium stearate was also shown whereas the influence of the adsorbed water did not appear to determine process capabilities. Two possible solutions were evaluated to reduce the lubricant property differences among the lots tested. By decreasing the particle size of a lot of magnesium stearate, it has been possible to significantly improve its lubricant properties. Magnesium stearate in association with talc also presented an improvement of its lubricant properties.