环保型镁合金微弧氧化工艺的研究

对比了电解液中不含Cr^6＋、F和PO4^3-的环保型微弧氧化工艺和一美国专利的成膜效果。新工艺氧化膜表面光滑，孔的分布不太均匀，一个大孔中包含几个小孔；美国专利氧化膜的孔为圆形，非常均匀，孔与孔之间的距离非常小。两种工艺氧化膜成分不同，新工艺中含有Mg、Si和Al；美国专利中含有Mg、Al、Si和F。另外，美国专利得到的氧化膜厚度只有61μm，仅为新工艺膜厚的一半。两种工艺氧化得到的样品，经过336h盐雾实验后，新工艺能更好地提高基体耐蚀性。不同氧化工艺所得氧化样品耐蚀性的差异可以归因于各工艺所用电解质组成及其浓度不同，导致氧化膜性能如表面形貌、组成、厚度等方面不同，最终使得氧化膜耐蚀性不同。     

镁系准晶与高性能镁合金

综述了Mg-Al-X(X=Cu,Zn,Pd,Ag,Pt)、Mg-Zn-(Ga,Al)、Mg-Zn-RE(RE=Y,以及Gd到Er的稀土元素)等系列的镁系准晶的结构、形成机理、准晶形成的成分范围,以及准晶的力学性能.介绍了近年来利用镁系准晶的优异性能,采用各种制备工艺,开发含准晶的高性能镁基材料的研究进展.     

氢化燃烧合成镁基储氢合金的电化学性能的研究

研究了氢化燃烧合成Mg2NiH4产物的电化学性能，并探索了机械球磨处理对产物电化学性能的影响。电化学测试表明，HCS产物不经任何处理，最大放电容量仅为45.13mAh／g；产物球磨后最大放电容量和高倍率放电能力得到提高，如产物经球磨1h后，最大放电容量增至259．24mAh／g，产物添加3％（质量分数）的石墨球磨5h，最大放电容量增加了10倍以上，达到481．50mAh/g。     

生物医用镁合金研究进展

由于具有优异的力学相容性、生物相容性和可降解性,镁及其合金成为新一代生物医用可降解金属植入材料的研究焦点。但镁及其合金由于较快的降解速率,严重制约了其在临床上的应用步伐。开发高强度、高韧性、高耐蚀,且降解行为可控的高性能镁合金迫在眉睫。综述了生物医用可降解镁合金的最新研究进展,详细介绍了镁及其合金作为生物医用材料的优势与不足、产品研发现状、降解机理及腐蚀行为和耐蚀性研究,并指出了研究中存在的问题和未来发展方向。     

硅酸钠浓度对镁合金阳极化的影响

采用电压-时间曲线、全浸腐蚀实验、极化曲线法、X射线衍射法(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能量色散谱仪(EDS)和X射线光电子能谱法(XPS)等方法研究了AZ91D镁合金在含不同浓度硅酸钠的阳极化溶液中的阳极氧化行为和膜层的成分、结构.结果表明:在本文给定工艺中,AZ91D镁合金的阳极化过程可分为三个阶段:电火花出现之前的致密层生成阶段,少量小电火花出现的多孔层生成阶段,出现较大电火花的多孔膜层稳定生长阶段.阳极氧化过程中,随着阳极氧化溶液Na2SiO3浓度的升高,出现电火花的时间缩短,出现电火花时的电压值降低;阳极化膜的颗粒度变大甚至膜层出现裂纹,膜层厚度基本不变.阳极化膜层中主要含有Mg2 、O2-、Si4 和B3 ,主要相结构为MgO、MgSiO3和Mg3B2O6.硅酸钠浓度对阳极化膜的耐蚀性影响较大,当硅酸钠浓度为120g/L时,膜层耐蚀性能最好.     

A review on magnesium alloys as biodegradable materials

Magnesium alloys attracted great attention as a new kind of degradable biomaterials. One research direction of biomedical magnesium alloys is based on the industrial magnesium alloys system, and another is the self-designed biomedical magnesium alloys from the viewpoint of biomaterials. The mechanical, biocorrosion properties and biocompatibilities of currently reported Mg alloys were summarized in the present paper, with the mechanical properties of bone tissue, the healing period postsurgery, the pathophysiology and toxicology of the alloying elements being discussed. The strategy in the future development of biomedical Mg alloys was proposed.     

工艺条件对镁合金微弧氧化的影响

在含有Na2SiO3、NaF、甘油及KOH的电解液中以恒电流方式对AZ31B镁合金进行微弧氧化处理,研究了电解液组分、浓度、电流密度及氧化处理时间等对微弧氧化过程及膜层性能的影响．研究表明：随着电解质浓度的增加,起火时间、起火电压基本呈下降趋势,氧化膜厚度呈增长趋势;过量的NaF会抑制放电;甘油的存在可稳定电解液,抑制尖端放电,使膜层的厚度降低;电流密度的增加可以降低起火时间,增加氧化膜的厚度,对放电电压没有明显影响;随着氧化处理时间的延长,氧化膜的厚度不断增长．     

AZ镁合金用于干电池负极材料的电化学性能研究

采用失重法、线性电位扫描、扣式电池放电测试等方法,研究AZ21和AZ31镁合金作为镁锰干电池负极材料时的电化学性能以及电解质添加剂Li2CrO4对其电化学性能的影响。结果表明,作为干电池的负极材料,在Mg(ClO4)2作电解质时,AZ21与AZ31相比,其自腐蚀速率大,开路电压稍高,电池容量和正极材料利用率低;添加少量的Li2CrO4能大大降低AZ21和AZ31合金的自放电速率,其缓蚀作用随Li2CrO4浓度的增加而增加,但当超过0.3%(质量分数)后反而降低;Li2CrO4的添加可提高电池的工作电压、电池容量和正极材料利用率。     

溶胶成分对镁合金阳极氧化膜层的影响研究

研究了AZ91D镁舍金材料在普通阳极氧化条件下，通过往碱性阳极氧化溶液中加入硅-铝溶胶成分(含量为0％～5％)，在60～70V的电压条件下进行交流阳极氧化处理，获得的膜层经过厚度测量和表面、断面微观形貌观察表明；溶胶成分在镁合金氧化成膜过程中，可以有效地提高镁合金表面的阳极氧化膜层厚度和膜层的致密程度。同时由于溶液中硅-铝溶胶成分的作用，使得阳极氧化成膜速度出现阶段性快速增长和缓慢增长。而溶胶成分的加入对阳极氧化膜层的X射线衍射相结构的影响不大。     

Critical Assessment 9: Wrought magnesium alloys

This assessment is focussed on wrought magnesium alloys for lightweight applications, particularly in the transport sector. The challenges to their wider use are summarised, including poor low temperature formability, corrosion issues, dissimilar metal joining, and limited precipitation strengthening. The fundamental origins of these challenges, and current research to address them, are highlighted. Key developments such as the use of dilute rare earth additions to manipulate texture for improved formability are discussed. Opportunities to exploit the unique properties of wrought magnesium alloys where further research is required are identified.     

Thermo‐mechanical methods for improving fatigue performance of wrought magnesium alloys

Wrought magnesium alloys AZ80 and ZK60 were extruded at 300 °C with extrusion ratios of ER = 12 and 44. Resulting microstructures, crystallographic textures and mechanical properties were investigated. Extruding led to profound reduction in grain size, which drastically improved yield stress, tensile elongation and HCF performance. Strength differentials in ZK60 after extruding at ER = 12 were more pronounced than after extruding at ER = 44, whereas no such effect of ER was observed in AZ80. Swaging after extruding further increased yield stress and endurance limit, while strength differential increased and ductility was lowered.     

镁合金表面功能涂层制备与界面表征技术的研究进展

随着低碳经济的发展,汽车轻量化的呼声愈来愈高。镁合金作为最有前景的轻量化材料之一,其表面防腐功能涂层的研究已经越来越受到人们的重视。简要介绍了物理方法和化学方法制备镁基表面防腐功能涂层的工艺技术特点,重点讨论了衡量涂层质量的现行标准以及现有的各种测量界面结合强度的方法,特别是界面应变能释放率定量分析的方法,文中结合自己的实验结果进行了分析。     

基体对镁合金氧化膜性能影响的研究进展

阐述了镁合金应用前景,介绍了阳极氧化特点以及影响氧化膜性能的因素,主要包括基体材料、电参数、电解液的组成及其浓度等.全面综述了基体对镁合金氧化膜成膜过程、成分、表面形貌以及耐蚀性的影响,提出了由于工业上使用的材料绝大多数为镁合金而不是纯镁,因此,开展合金元素对氧化膜性能影响的研究非常必要.     

The cyclic strain resistance, fatigue life and final fracture behavior of magnesium alloys

This paper summarizes the results of a comprehensive study on the cyclic strain resistance, low-cycle fatigue life and fracture behavior of three rapidly solidification processed magnesium alloys. Test specimens of the magnesium alloy were cyclically deformed under fully-reversed total strain amplitude control straining, over a range of strain amplitudes, giving less than 10⁴ cycles to failure. The cyclic stress response characteristics, strain resistance and low-cycle fatigue life of the alloys are discussed in light of alloy composition. All three alloys follow the Basquin and Coffin-Manson strain relationships, and exhibit a single slope for the variation of cyclic elastic and cyclic plastic strain amplitude with reversals-to-fatigue failure. The cyclic stress response characteristics, fatigue life and final fracture behavior of the alloy are discussed in light of competing and synergistic influences of cyclic total strain amplitude, response stress, intrinsic microstructural effects and dislocation-microstructural feature interactions during fully-reserved strain cycling.     

镁合金应力腐蚀机理及其影响因素分析

对近期国内外有关镁合金应力腐蚀的测试以及机理研究结果进行了分析,从腐蚀过程及动力学特征的双重角度分析了单纯电化学模式的不合理性,阐述了"化学引发-机械断裂","氢致开裂-机械断裂"两段式理论的主要观点.对影响镁合金应力腐蚀敏感性及可能导致其应力腐蚀开裂的各项因素进行了综合性讨论.指出了应力腐蚀机理研究亟待解决和应注意的问题.     

植酸对镁合金微弧氧化膜性能影响

在18g／L的碱性硅酸钠溶液中，加入7．5gm的环保无毒植酸，研究它对镁合金氧化膜表面形貌、成分、颜色、厚度以及耐蚀性影响。加入植酸后，氧化膜孔的直径范围由1～5μm增加到1～8μm，但氧化膜表面单位面积孔的个数由0.05个／μm^2减少到0．02个／μm^2。植酸参与氧化膜的形成过程，并使氧化膜颜色随着植酸加入量的增加逐渐加深。植酸使氧化膜的厚度由11gm增加到16μm。浸泡实验表明，植酸可进一步提高氧化膜耐蚀性，产生第一个腐蚀点时间由24h延长到50h。     

镁合金焊丝的热挤压-拉拔工艺及其变形机理

介绍了一种制备φ1.2 mm镁合金焊丝的热挤压-拉拔新工艺,采用SEM研究了拉拔前后镁合金的微观形貌,并对其变形机理进行了研究.结果表明,热挤压阶段的大比率挤压细化晶粒到8μm以下尺寸及拉拔阶段的工作温度保持在225℃以上时镁合金产生了棱柱面{10 10}〈11 20〉滑移,这两个因素限制了镁合金内部孪晶的生成,滑移成为其主要的变形方式,拉拔阶段的镁合金粗线坯的塑性大为提高,这是拉拔工艺能够进行的主要原因.     

Electrochemical codeposition of magnesium and nickel alloy for hydrogen storage

Magnesium and nickel alloy was prepared electrochemically in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solution. Its structure, composition and property for hydrogen storage were studied by SEM, ICP, XRD, and charge and discharge test. It is found that codeposition of magnesium and nickel can take place at the potentials from −2.0 to −3.2 V (vs. Ag/Ag⁺) in 0.15 M LiClO₄ + DMSO solution containing MgCl₂ and NiCl₂. The surface morphology and the hydrogen storage capacity of the prepared alloy are influenced by the deposition potential. The alloy prepared at −2.4 V (vs. Ag/Ag⁺) is mainly composed of Mg₂Ni phase and shows its best electrochemical capacity of 361.8 mAh g⁻¹, corresponding to a hydrogen storage capacity of 1.35 wt.%.     

A comparison of corrosion inhibition of magnesium aluminum and zinc aluminum vanadate intercalated layered double hydroxides on magnesium alloys

The magnesium aluminum and zinc aluminum layered double hydroxides intercalated with NO ₃ ^- (MgAl-NO₃-LDH and ZnAl-NO₃-LDH) were prepared by the coprecipitation method, and the magnesium aluminum and the zinc aluminum layered double hydroxides intercalated with VO _x ^- (MgAl-VO _x -LDH and ZnAl-VO _x -LDH) were prepared by the anion-exchange method. Morphologies, microstructures and chemical compositions of LDHs were investigated by SEM, EDS, XRD, FTIR, Raman and TG analyses. The immersion tests were carried to determine the corrosion inhibition properties of MgAl-VO _x -LDH and ZnAl-VO _x -LDH on AZ31 Mg alloys. The results showed that ZnAl-VO _x -LDH possesses the best anion-exchange and inhibition abilities. The influence of treatment parameters on microstructures of LDHs were discussed. Additionally, an inhibition mechanism for ZnAl-VO _x -LDH on the AZ31 magnesium alloy was proposed and discussed.     

Mixed mode I/III fracture toughness in extruded magnesium alloys

Fracture toughness under mode I and mixed mode I/III loading were determined for magnesium (Mg) as well as binary Mg-Al and Mg-Zn alloys in as-extruded condition. It was found that in Mg and in Mg-1.25Zn alloy the fracture toughness under mixed mode I/III loading was higher than that under mode I loading whereas in binary Mg-1Al and Mg-3Al alloys it was lower than that under mode I loading. The results have been explained on the basis of the fracture mechanism and the nature of the stress fields ahead of the crack tip under mixed mode I/III loading.