苦荞麦麦皮粉中黄酮的提取工艺条件研究

采用乙醇溶液浸提、水溶液浸提、乙醇抽提3种方法提取苦荞麦麦皮粉中的黄酮类化合物。结果表明,乙醇溶液浸提的最佳提取工艺条件是A2B2C2D3,即用20倍75%乙醇在60～65℃下浸提4h;水浸提的最佳工艺条件是A1B2C3,即用20倍水量在50～55℃下浸提4h;乙醇溶液抽提的最佳工艺条件是95%的乙醇回流抽提10h。     

乙醇提取密蒙花总黄酮工艺研究

采用乙醇溶液浸提,通过正交试验研究了乙醇浓度、温度、时间对密蒙花中总黄酮提取的影响。结果表明,最佳提取工艺条件是A3B2C3,即用70％乙醇在55℃浸提3h,总黄酮提取率为13.44％。     

槲寄生碱的不同提取方法的研究

采用超临界CO2萃取、酸水溶液提取、超声波辅助浸提等3种方法提取槲寄生碱。结果表明,超临界CO2萃取的最佳工艺条件是A2B1C1D3,即温度50℃,压力25MPa,时间1h,夹带剂氯仿;酸水溶液提取的最佳工艺条件是1.5%的盐酸回流提取6h;超声波辅助浸提的最佳工艺条件是A1B2C2,即乙醇体积分数100%,超声时间30min,固液比30∶1。     

辣木叶总黄酮乙醇提取工艺的研究

对辣木叶中总黄酮的乙醇提取工艺进行了研究。探讨乙醇浓度、浸提温度、料液比、浸提时间、浸提次数对辣木叶中总黄酮提取效果的影响，在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验确定最佳提取工艺条件。结果表明：辣木叶中总黄酮类物质的最佳提取条件为70％的乙醇溶液作提取剂，提取温度60℃，料液比1：20，提取3次，每次1h，在此条件下，提取液中的总黄酮含量达到3．95％。     

薄荷中迷迭香酸的提取工艺研究

建立薄荷中迷迭香酸的提取工艺及测定方法.实验以迷迭香酸的提取率为检测指标,采用正交设计L9(34).考察料液比A、乙醇浓度B、提取温度C、提取时间D 4个影响因素,用硫酸亚铁比色法和高效液相色谱法分别对提取物中迷迭香酸进行定性、定量研究.结果表明,最佳工艺条件为乙醇浓度75%、提取温度70℃、料液比1:12、提取时间2 h、浸提2次.在最佳条件下迷迭香酸的提取率为94.40%.     

油茶饼粕中茶皂素的提取及H2O2法脱色条件研究

通过有机溶剂浸提,研究并确定了从油茶饼粕中提取茶皂素的最佳工艺：乙醇体积分数70％,料液比（g：mL）1：4,提取时间3h,提取温度75％2;H2O2法脱色的最佳条件为pH值8.5,脱色温度70℃,脱色时间2h,加入H2O2 25mL。在此条件下提取的茶皂素得率为17.2％,纯化后的茶皂素质量分数达到87.4％。     

芦笋中芦丁的提取及其鉴定

采用正交试验方法 ,对芦笋中芦丁的最佳提取工艺进行了初步研究 ,并采用分光光度法测定芦丁的含量 ,用紫外光谱等对提取的芦丁进行了定性鉴定。研究结果表明 ,在 70～ 75℃条件下用 2 5倍的 75 %乙醇浸提 5h ,提取效果最好 ,浸提率为 94 8% ,测定方法的平均回收率为 10 3 3% ,测定的标准偏差为 1 47× 10 - 3,其变异系数为0 48%。      

紫甘蓝紫色素萃取工艺条件研究

以新鲜紫甘蓝为原料,采用酸性乙醇提取天然的紫甘蓝色素.通过单因素及正交实验,结果表明,提取紫甘蓝色素各因素影响顺序为:固液比＞浸提时间＞浸提剂比例＞浸提温度,最佳工艺条件为:A1 B2 G2 D2,即固液比为1g:2mL;浸提时间4 h;75％乙醇:0.4％乙酸(体积比)为2:1;温度35℃,提取率为12.4％.     

苦荞壳中黄酮提取工艺的研究

研究了芦丁降解酶在不同浓度乙醇中的活性,并利用正交实验优化了苦荞壳中黄酮的提取工艺,最佳条件为:用30倍原料重的80%乙醇溶液,在70℃条件下提取2h。     

酸化乙醇法提取红树莓花色苷的研究

采用酸化乙醇法提取红树莓中的花色苷,通过单因素实验研究了乙醇浓度、酸化乙醇溶液、浸提温度、浸提时间、料液比和浸提次数对花色苷浸提量的影响。通过正交实验得到红树莓中花色苷的最佳提取工艺,即红树莓浆用80%乙醇(含3%的乙酸)溶液以1∶15的料液比在60℃下浸提1h,浸提2次,在此条件下提取得到的花色苷含量为0.726mg/g鲜果。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the