亚硫酸化油酸顺丁烯二酸聚乙二醇双酯的合成及应用

以油酸、聚乙二醇、顺丁烯二酸酐及亚硫酸氢钠为原料，且当四者的摩尔比为1：1：1：1．2及两步酯化反应、亚硫酸化反应的温度和时间依次分别为140℃、90℃、75℃及2h、1h、1h时，制得了亚硫酸化油酸顺丁烯二酸聚乙二醇双酯加脂剂，讨论了影响亚硫酸化反应的主要因素，用FTIR对产物的结构进行了表征，同时进行了亚硫酸化加脂剂的应用实验。     

亚硫酸化加脂剂FP-I的合成及应用

当天然油脂、聚乙二醇、顺丁烯二酸酐及亚硫酸氢钠的摩尔比为1:3.5:3:3;醇解反应、酯化反应和亚硫酸化反应的温度分别为150 ℃、90 ℃及75 ℃时制得了亚硫酸化加脂剂FP-I,用FTIR对产物的结构进行了表征,同时进行了亚硫酸化加脂剂FP-I的应用实验.     

加脂剂FP-Ⅱ的合成及应用研究

以猪油、聚乙二醇、顺丁烯二酸酐及亚硫酸氢钠为原料，当三者的摩尔比为1：3．5：3：3及醇解反应、酯化反应和亚硫酸化应反的温度分别为140℃、90℃及75℃时制得了加酯剂FP—Ⅱ，应用实验结果表明该加脂剂具有良好的柔软、丰满耐贮存的特点。     

亚硫酸化结合型加脂剂结构表征及性能的研究

用傅里叶变换红外光谱对亚硫酸化结合型加脂剂合成过程中产生的酰胺化物、酯化物及亚硫酸化物的结构进行了表征 ,同时对亚硫酸化加脂剂乳液上的白色漂浮物的结构也进行了表征 ,还对影响亚硫酸化结合型加脂剂黏度的因素进行了研究     

SP—Ⅱ型油润性加脂剂的研究

猪油经水解制取猪油脂肪酸，然后与丁醇在酸性条件下进行酯化反应生成猪油脂肪酸丁脂，高级脂肪醇在90－120℃与顺丁烯二酸酐进行酯化反应生成顺丁烯二酸高级醇单酯，两种酯化物按一定比例混合后在50－90℃之间进行亚硫酸化反应，制成油润性SP－Ⅱ型加脂剂。亚硫酸化试用量为两种酯化物质量的20％－50％。     

TCF改性羊毛脂加脂剂的研究

菜油脂肪酸甲酯与羊毛脂按１∶２混合在一定温度下与二乙醇胺进行酰胺化，然后在１００～１４０℃下与顺酐酯化反应２～４ｈ，再以亚硫酸氢钠在９０℃下进行亚硫酸化反应，所得产物在４０～５０℃下混配矿物油、助剂制成改性羊毛脂加脂剂     

氧化亚硫酸化两步法制备亚硫酸化鱼油

在自制催化剂作用下,对鱼油进行空气氧化,再对氧化产物进行亚硫酸化,这种两步法制备氧化亚硫酸化鱼油工艺是对传统氧化亚硫酸化工艺的改进,该工艺操作简单、生产周期短。最佳的氧化工艺条件为:氧化温度65~70℃,催化剂用量2%,氧化反应时间5~6h;亚硫酸化工艺条件为:反应温度70~75℃,亚硫酸盐用量8%~12%,时间2~3h。应用试验表明,用该方法制备的氧化亚硫酸化鱼油是一种性能优良的皮革加脂剂。     

猪油制备结合型皮革加脂剂研究

通过猪油进行酯交换、硫酸化、或进一步亚硫酸化反应，再加多种有效成分复配，制得猪油改性结合型皮革加脂剂。     

加脂剂对皮革物理化学性能的影响

研究了3种加脂剂的最佳应用工艺,得到最佳的皮革性能。以一种硫酸化甘油三酸酯加脂剂为参比物,对亚硫酸化鱼油、聚合物加脂剂、亚硫酸化磷脂3种加脂剂进行了对比。考察了各种加脂剂对皮革柔软度、质量、厚度、紧密度、色牢度、拉伸强度、撕裂强度、可萃取油类和挥发性油类的影响。研究采用统计学的原理来进行试验设计,对各种加脂剂与选定的硫酸化油进行对比,得到了各类加脂剂的最佳应用工艺。     

植物油改性制备结合型皮革加脂剂

通过植物油进行酯交换、硫酸化、或进一步亚硫酸化反应，再和多种有效成分复配，制得植物油改性结合型皮革加脂剂。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the