基于多通道卷积神经网络的中文微博情感分析

近年来,深度学习在情感分析任务中的应用得到了越来越多的关注.针对以文本词向量作为输入的卷积神经网络无法充分利用情感分析任务中特有的情感特征信息,以及难以有效表示每个词语在句子中的重要程度等问题,提出一种基于多通道卷积神经网络(multi-channels convolutional neural networks, MCCNN)的中文微博情感分析模型.该模型针对情感分析任务中特有的情感信息来构建文本输入矩阵,使模型在训练过程中有效获取输入句子的情感特征信息.同时,该模型通过将不同特征信息结合形成不同的网络输入通道,使网络模型在训练过程中从多方面的特征表示来学习输入句子的情感信息,有效表示出每个词语在句子中的重要程度,获取更多的隐藏信息.最后在COAE2014数据集和微博语料数据上进行实验,取得了比普通卷积神经网络、结合情感信息的卷积神经网络和传统分类器更好的性能.     

一类非线性时滞过程的自适应控制

通过结合非线性过程的一般模型控制(GMC)、强跟踪预测器(STP)和强跟踪滤波器(SIF),提出了一类具有输入时滞非线性时变过程的自适应一般模型控制(AGMC)方法.基于强跟踪预测器对未来状态的预测,传统的一般模型控制被扩展到一类具有输入时滞的非线性过程.通过强跟踪滤波器估计非线性过程的时变参数,对STP和GMC进行在线参数修正.对三容水箱系统DTS200进行计算机仿真,仿真结果表明,该自适应控制策略是令人满意的,其状态跟踪能力强,对于模型失配也具有较强的鲁棒性.     

基于融合式神经网络的微生物生长环境关系抽取

为了构建完整的微生物生长环境关系数据库,提出基于卷积神经网络-长短时记忆(CNN-LSTM)的关系抽取系统.结合卷积神经网络(CNN)和长短时记忆(LSTM),实现对隐含特征的深度学习,提取分布式词向量特征和实体位置特征作为模型的特征输入.对比实验验证加入特征后CNN-LSTM模型的优势,并将CNN模型的特征输出作为LSTM模型的特征输入.在Bio-NLP 2016共享任务发布的BB-event语料集上得到目前最好的结果.     

基于线性状态反馈和高阶泰勒逼近的自抗扰控制方法

针对对象模型不确定性和输入扰动问题, 设计扩张状态观测器. 提出利用高阶泰勒多项式构造综合扰动的内部模型, 将其作为系统的扩张状态, 由Luenberger 状态观测器对其进行估计. 运用线性状态反馈法, 将原系统状态估值反馈至参考输入, 再结合极点配置法和扩张状态估值得到最终的控制作用. 由于将原系统转化为积分串联型, 实现了系统线性化, 并对干扰进行了有效补偿, 使系统抗扰性能大为增强. 通过数例分析验证了所提出方法的有效性.     

基于特征提取和极限学习机的软测量方法

针对建模数据存在的高维、共线性等特征,以及常用的基于人工智能的建模方法存在的模型结构难以确定、学习速度慢等缺点,提出了由基于主元分析(PCA)的特征提取和基于优化极限学习机(OELM)的建模算法两部分组成的软测量方法.采用PCA消除输入变量间的共线性并降低输入变量维数,以提取的线性无关的独立变量作为软测量模型的输入,从而简化模型结构.采用集成极限学习机(ELM)与支持向量机(SVM)算法优点的OELM方法作为建模算法,避免了ELM模型的随机性和SVM模型求解的复杂性.将特征提取方法与OELM方法结合后,提高了软测量模型的训练速度和预测性能.采用所述方法,对混凝土抗压强度的软测量问题进行了实验研究,验证了所提方法的有效性.该方法同时可以应用于基于雷达、光电等高维数据的目标识别,具有广阔的应用前景.     

带有蛋白质输入的RNA-蛋白质结合位点预测方法

RNA及RNA结合蛋白之间的相互作用在基因调控中扮演着重要角色。许多预测RNA-蛋白质结合位点的深度学习方法陆续提出。目前多数研究没有将RNA结合蛋白作为模型输入,限制了深度学习模型的规模。对此问题,提出一个带有RNA结合蛋白输入的深度学习模型,通过扩大训练集的规模挖掘RNA-蛋白质结合位点的公共知识。模型将RNA序列先后经过卷积神经网络和门控循环单元来得到序列特征;将序列特征与RNA结合蛋白的独热编码拼接,作为全连接层的输入;通过一个Sigmoid单元输出该RNA结合蛋白对RNA序列的结合概率。在两个权威数据集上,该方法相比其他模型均具有一定优势。     

基于受控Hadamard门的量子神经网络模型及算法

为提高神经网络的逼近能力,提出一种基于受控Hadamard门设计的量子神经网络模型及算法.该模型输入为多维离散序列,可用矩阵描述,行数为输入节点数,列数为序列长度.模型为3层结构,隐层为量子神经元,输出层为普通神经元.量子神经元由量子旋转门和多位受控Hadamard门组成,利用多位受控Hadamard门中目标量子位的输出向输入端的反馈,实现对输入序列的整体记忆,利用受控Hadamard门中控制位和目标位之间的受控关系获得量子神经元的输出.基于量子计算理论设计了该模型的学习算法.该模型可高效地获取输入序列的特征.实验结果表明,当输入节点数和序列长度满足一定关系时,该模型明显优于普通BP神经网络.     

汉字模糊有穷自动机的研究

汉字的计算机输入是中文信息处理的关键问题之一,而汉字计算机输入的数学模型对汉字的计算机输入的研究有重要的意义.对汉字输入数学模型的分类进行了研究.研究了一般汉字有穷自动机,在此基础上把模糊有穷自动机的概念引入输入模型,并给出汉字模糊有穷自动机的概念.新的模型是以前给出的汉字自动机模型的推广,较之以前的数学模型,能刻画出汉字智能输入、词句输入,表达能力进一步增强,为汉字的智能处理提供了数学模型.     

视觉输入设备的对角线视角与Twiddler点击绩效的关系

Twiddle是可穿戴计算机最常用的输入设备,其点击绩效直接影响其可操作性和可用性.根据费兹原理,参考Paul Fitts所采用的反复敲击试验,建立了点击绩效测试系统.在相同的测试条件下,分别对以19寸液晶显示器和两款头戢显示器为视觉输入装置的情况下对Twiddler点击绩效进行了测试,在大量试验数据的分析基础上,结合赤池信息准则,得到了最优的Twidd-ler点击绩效模型.通过将3种情况下的Twiddler点击绩效模型对比分析,反映出Twiddler的操控比较困难,同时受视觉输入设备的影响较大,影响程度随着其所能提供的对角线视角的减小而增大.     

基于变量选择的转炉炼钢终点预报模型

转炉炼钢的终点预报模型对于钢水终点碳含量和温度的命中非常重要.针对高维输入不利于建立精确模型的问题,使用互信息方法对预报模型输入变量进行选择.为了区分各输入变量对输出的不同重要程度,对各输入变量进行加权处理,并采用微粒群算法对权值进行优化.最后,使用支持向量机方法建立转炉炼钢终点碳含量和温度预报模型.对一座180t转炉实际生产数据进行仿真,结果表明,合理的变量选择和加权处理能有效提高模型的预报精度.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.