图像型大空间建筑早期火灾智能探测报警技术

大空间建筑 ,尤其是存在遮挡和环境干扰时 ,现行的火灾探测技术将难以正常发挥效用 ,无法解决灵敏度与可靠性之间的矛盾 ,大空间建筑早期火灾的探测已成为火灾探测领域的一个世界性难题 ,各国火灾科学及消防科技工作者对此都十分关注。本文对大空间建筑火灾探测中存在的问题进行了分析 ,并介绍两种图像型大空间建筑早期火灾智能探测报警技术     

大空间建筑早期火灾智能探测报警技术

大空间建筑，尤其是存在遮挡和环境干扰时，现行的火灾探测技术将难以正常发挥效用，无法解决灵敏度与可靠性之间的矛盾，大空间建筑早期火灾的探测已成为火灾探测领域的一个世界性难题，各国火灾科学及消防科技工作者对此都十分关注。本文对大空间建筑火灾探测中存在的问题进行了分析，并介绍两种大空间建筑早期火灾智能探测报警技术     

浅谈图像型早期火灾监测与数控固定消防水炮扑救技术

开放空间和大空间建筑 ,尤其是在环境较恶劣的工业领域 ,现行的火灾探测技术由于受环境条件限制 ,系统的灵敏度与可靠性之间的矛盾 ,给大空间建筑早期火灾探测带来技术上的难题。大空间内火灾的扑救也涉及到灭火的有效性和经济性等诸多问题。对大空间建筑火灾探测技术中存在的问题进行了分析 ,介绍了两种大空间建筑早期火灾智能探测报警技术以及与其联用的数控固定消防炮扑救技术。     

红外热成像技术在大空间建筑火灾早期探测中的应用

大空间建筑火灾的早期探测报警技术是设计人员和消防工作者的一个十分关注的话题,而传统的火灾探测技术将难以发挥效用,无法解决早期可靠报警的问题。本文介绍运用红外热成像探测器在高大空间建筑实现早期预警。     

新型智能早期火灾探测与扑救技术在会议中心的应用

以马鞍山市政公园会议中心为例,阐述了会议中心建筑防火安全的特殊性。对会议中心的火灾探测及扑救中存在的问题进行了分析,并介绍大空间建筑早期火灾智能探测报警技术。     

浅析某大空间场所自动灭火系统的设置

大空间建筑火灾的早期探测和扑救，一直是一个难以较好解决的世界性难题，世界各国火灾科学研究机构及消防科技工作者对此都十分关注。本文以某大空间场所为例，对场所火灾探测和扑救中存在的问题进行了分析，介绍了大空间建筑火灾自动灭火系统的设置，对大空间火灾自动灭火系统的设计提供参考。     

谈高大开放式空间火灾自动报警系统设计

高大开放式空间建筑火灾自动报警系统的设计是现代建筑电气设计的新兴和难点领域。本文结合工程实例分析了高大空间建筑火灾探测存在的烟雾分层、烟雾稀释等问题,比较了极早期火灾探测器与传统火灾探测器的优缺点。论述了高大开放式空间建筑火灾自动报警系统选用极早期空气采样探测器的合理性。     

高大空间火灾自动报警设计分析

简述了民用建筑高大空间火灾自动报警设计中存在的挑战和困难,指出了现行规范与建筑空间发展趋势的矛盾,分析了常用火灾探测技术的局限。并针对即墨博物馆文化中心的工程实例,分析了各种探测技术的利弊,然后综合提出了一种比较合适的解决方案,从而保证了大空间火灾探测和报警的灵敏性和可靠性。     

火灾探测技术在大空间建筑的应用研究

分析了目前大空间建筑火灾探测的难点,结合多年工作实践及火灾探测器的探测原理,提出了几种适用于大空间建筑的火灾探测器。     

吸气式感烟火灾探测器响应性能的影响因素研究

近年来,高大空间建筑越来越多,对火灾探测技术的要求也越来越高,吸气式火灾探测器(ASD)作为早期烟雾探测技术应用越来越广泛.鉴于实体实验费用昂贵且耗时耗力,而数值模拟已经成为一个重要的研究工具,本文采用火灾动力学模拟软件(FDS)模拟.对ASD响应性能影响因素进行研究.     

污泥制砖存在问题浅析

污泥制砖符合国家的环保政策,但在技术方面还待进一步创新和突破。为此分析了污泥制砖在技术方面、环保方面和社会大众认可方面存在问题及相应的改进措施。     

干旱区绿洲环境下的新疆小城镇建设投资

一、研究区域基本现状新疆地处欧亚大陆腹地,地貌轮廓表现为“三山夹两盆”,山地与平原的面积大致各占50%,镶嵌于戈壁沙漠的绿洲仅有7万平方公里。新疆土地面积166.49万平方公里,占全国总面积的六分之一。气候干旱,荒漠广布,是中国最大的干旱区,是亚洲干旱核心区,也是世界上著名的干旱区之一。水资源短缺,生态极度脆弱。新疆2004年底有1950万人,人均GDP已经超过了1000美元,城镇化进入了快速发展阶段,特别是小城镇的发展速度较快。但新疆特殊的干旱区绿洲环境,使得小城镇的发展存在许多问题。一是城镇规模小而散,基础设施配套差,城镇集散和…     

Levels of manganese in the urine of female farmers in non-polluted regions in Japan

Nearly 1500 urine samples were collected from female farmers in eight regions widely scattered in the islands of Japan in the winter of 1987-1988. The samples were analysed for manganese by wet ashing and flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry under strict quality control. The values observed after adjustment for a specific gravity of 1.016 were distributed log-normally with a geometric mean of 0.65 microgram/l and a geometric standard deviation of 2.47. There was no effect of aging or any effect of smoking on the urinary manganese concentration. The inter-regional difference may be present but not yet conclusive. As no sex difference was observed in a previous study, it may be possible to deduce that the value may possibly stand for the "background" level of both men and women, either smoking or non-smoking, among the general Japanese population. The observed value is discussed in comparison with values reported in the literature.     

Typification of Fires in Buildings in Spain

Although the Dirección de General de Protección Civil (DGPC), an agency of the Spanish government, has been responsible for the collection of data and the statistical analysis of fires since 1985, it has not as yet issued any reports. It is true that a couple of studies have been made, but in neither case did they use a standardized methodology but relied simply on the heterogeneous information provided by the fire brigades which cooperated in the studies. At that time Spanish fire brigades did not have special units for professional fire investigation, nor was the information derived from standardized methodologies suited to research purposes. In addition, information was extremely scarce and basic, focussed only on the fire, the use of the building and personal data of the victims. In this context, the project for a Fire Investigation Unit in the Fire Brigade of Málaga (the sixth largest Spanish province in inhabitants) was set up. Although inspired in the methodologies used in the USA and in the UK, the aim was to create a customized methodology for the first scientific investigation of fires in Spain. Our research was conducted in 2007. Using the methodologies of the USA and the UK, our own methodological approach and the Spanish regulations, we drew up a questionnaire with 110 variables arranged into 6 modules. We studied 96 fires out of the 154 emergency fire calls received in 2007, having omitted some emergency calls for various reasons. Our results revealed that it was necessary to generalize the installation of fire extinguishers in residential buildings, to train the general public in the use of these devices, to promote the use of fire and smoke detectors in residential buildings, to encourage the inspection and control of old electric installations and to monitor the new installations, to generalize the implementation of emergency and evacuation plans and to design new systems and materials for the cabinets where hand-held extinguishers are stored.     

分光光度法测水中余氯

介绍了用双硫腙分光光度法测定水中余氯的新方法，阐述了其测定试验过程，根据试验结果显示，其结论符合国家标准，表明该方法可用于自来水等样品中余氯含量的测定，结果比较准确。     

Intersections of inequality in homeownership in Sweden

Abstract

Inequalities relating to ownership of housing have become a major issue de jour in many Western societies. This article examines how the distribution of homeownership in Sweden relates to two factors widely seen as significant to such inequalities, namely parental tenure status and place of birth. We use longitudinal registry data to examine the bearing of these two factors on individual-level tenure progression since the beginning of the 1990s for persons at different stages of their housing careers. We extend existing understandings of Swedish homeownership patterns by demonstrating that inequalities relating to place of birth and parental tenure intersect with one another in ways that substantially advantage certain subgroups while disadvantaging others, and by demonstrating that experiences of entry into homeownership have in recent years been changing in markedly different ways for these different subgroups. Overall, Swedish homeownership inequalities, far from dissipating, appear to be hardening along existing lines.     

莳花在城市绿化中的应用

目的:花化、香化、彩化已成为城市园林绿化的主要趋势,也是为满足人们对环境要求越来越高的一种心境。方法:选择采用莳花能表现出品种繁多,色彩艳丽等不同的方式,从而能在很大程度上丰富了植物造景的层次感要求。结果:能使其达到美化环境、增添节日气氛、提高绿化品质等方面有着突出的作用。结论:莳花造景对城市的美化可达到立杆见影效果,从而提高城市的形象和品位。     

日本城市浅层地下空间利用的新成就

本文结合日本川崎市站前广场和神户市哈巴兰德地区的立体化再开发，分析介绍当前日本浅层地下空间开发利用的成就和特点。     

遗传算法在边坡稳定系数计算中的应用

边坡稳定性的关键问题是确定最危险滑动面(潜在最危险滑动面)和边坡的稳定系数。国内外一般是采用先假定边坡滑移模式,然后近似确定最危险滑动面,再求近似的边坡稳定系数的方法来分析边坡的稳定性,但假设的边坡滑移模式难以反映边坡滑移的实际状态。因此本文探索利用遗传算法搜索最危险滑动面,并得到最小稳定系数及对应的最危险滑动面曲线,取得了较好的效果。     

地质情况复杂地区高速公路隧道地质预报研究

针对地质情况复杂地区垫邻高速公路设计、施工中的具体问题，从地质预报的方法、原理方面入手，对地质情况复杂地区高速公路隧道施工中的地质超前预报工作进行了深入的研究，在分析归纳的基础上，提出合适的工作方法。