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超声波-微波设备联合嫩化淘汰蛋鸡鸡胸肉 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
一种新型的超声-微波设备应用在淘汰蛋鸡的嫩化。对超声波、微波及超声-微波联合作用3种不同嫩化淘汰蛋鸡的方法进行探讨,结果表明,超声波-微波联合作用较任何单一方法的嫩化效果均好。在超声-微波的基础上,结合复合嫩化剂处理淘汰蛋鸡。采用L9(34)正交试验对处理条件进行优化,以探讨超声-微波与嫩化剂对蛋鸡嫩化效果的影响。结果表明:各因素对蛋鸡剪切力的影响主次顺序为超声-微波时间>木瓜蛋白酶>氯化钙>复合磷酸盐;最佳组合为功率400W、超声-微波10min,超声/间隙时间4s/4s、1.5%CaCl2、1.0%复合磷酸盐、450U/g木瓜蛋白酶,可达到较好的嫩化效果。此时蛋鸡肉的剪切力为2.09kg/cm2。方差分析表明,超声-微波及木瓜蛋白酶对淘汰蛋鸡嫩化效果显著,而复合磷酸盐嫩化效果不显著。嫩化后的蛋鸡口感大大提高,经感官评定与肉鸡口感接近。 相似文献
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响应面试验优化超声波辅助木瓜蛋白酶嫩化河蚌肉工艺 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为解决河蚌肉的肉质粗韧问题,提高其食用品质,利用超声波辅助木瓜蛋白酶对其嫩化处理。通过Box-Behnken试验设计,建立了综合评分与超声功率、超声时间、木瓜蛋白酶质量分数之间的二次回归模型;确定超声波辅助木瓜蛋白酶嫩化河蚌肉的最佳工艺参数为木瓜蛋白酶质量分数6%、超声功率150 W、超声时间27 min,此时河蚌肉嫩化效果最佳。与木瓜蛋白酶、超声波、CaCl2嫩化效果相比,可溶性蛋白含量提高48%,硬度和咀嚼性分别降低63%和65%。 相似文献
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本文通过使用不同浓度的木瓜蛋白酶,采用不同功率、不同处理时间、不同处理温度的超声波对鸡胸肉进行嫩化处理,分析不同处理条件对鸡胸肉剪切力的影响。并以剪切力为响应值,超声波功率、超声时间、木瓜蛋白酶浓度为影响因素,对超声波联合木瓜蛋白酶处理嫩化鸡胸肉工艺进行了响应面优化。结果表明,超声波联合木瓜蛋白酶嫩化鸡胸肉最优的工艺参数为:木瓜蛋白酶浓度200 U/g,超声时间30 min,超声功率425 W,实测剪切力为1537.14 g,与未经处理的鸡胸肉剪切力相比降低了41.45%,与单独使用木瓜蛋白酶和超声波处理的鸡胸肉剪切力分别降低了22.48%和19.02%。本研究为改善鸡肉的嫩度提供技术支持。 相似文献
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木瓜蛋白酶嫩化处理对淘汰蛋鸡风鸡肌肉蛋白质水解和嫩度等品质的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
以木瓜蛋白酶(papain)嫩化处理淘汰蛋鸡,采用腌制和风干成熟工艺制作风鸡,通过测定风鸡成品胸脯肉的剪切力(WBS)、可溶性蛋白(CSP)、游离氨基酸总量(∑FAA)和水分含量,探讨淘汰蛋鸡木瓜蛋白酶嫩化处理对风鸡成品胸脯肉蛋白质水解和肌肉嫩度等品质的影响,并优化工艺.结果表明:随着酶用量的增加,风鸡成品胸脯肉的剪?趑 切力显著下降,可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸总量显著增加,当酶用量增加到3.5U/g(原料鸡肉)时有异味产生;经木瓜蛋白酶嫩化处理的风鸡成品胸脯肉的剪切力较未经过酶嫩化的对照组降低了34.60%,可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸总量分别增加了25.04%和23.98%;木瓜蛋白酶嫩化处理淘汰蛋鸡风鸡肌肉的最佳条件为:木瓜蛋白酶用量2.5U/g(原料鸡肉),嫩化温度15℃.嫩化时间0.5h;实验优化结果与感官综合评定结果有良好的一致性. 相似文献
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研究木瓜蛋白酶和超高压嫩化处理对双峰驼腱子肉的嫩度及营养品质的影响。对木瓜蛋白酶浓度、溶剂pH值、嫩化温度、嫩化时间、超高压压力水平、压力时间进行单因素实验,通过测定骆驼肉的蒸煮损失、系水力、pH值、色泽、质构特性和最大剪切力,筛选两种处理方式嫩化骆驼肉的最佳条件。通过L9(34)正交试验筛选出驼肉的最佳嫩化工艺,结果表明:驼肉经木瓜蛋白酶和超高压嫩化处理后嫩度均有所提高,木瓜蛋白酶的最佳嫩化条件为:酶浓度120 U/mL,溶剂pH 6,嫩化温度55℃、嫩化时间2 h;超高压最佳嫩化条件为:压力250 MPa、处理时间20 min。经木瓜蛋白酶嫩化的驼肉剪切力有明显降低,超高压嫩化的效果虽没有酶嫩化效果明显,但能较好地保护肉中的营养物质。研究结果为畜禽肉的相关嫩化技术的应用提供参考依据,也为后续驼肉及其相关产品的开发奠定了基础。 相似文献
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应用蛋白酶进行牛肉嫩化的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以牛肉为材料,研究不同嫩化液及重组等处理对牛肉的持水力值、pH值及色泽等指标变化的影响,旨在阐明牛肉嫩化机理,寻找适于对牛肉生产的嫩化方法和最佳物质组合,确定牛肉的最佳加工工艺。主要研究结果如下:在4℃条件下,不同嫩化液对牛肉嫩化的单因素试验显示:各种嫩化液都可不同程度地提高肉的嫩度,以0.03?Cl2溶液、40%木瓜液、60%苹果梨汁20 mL/100 g嫩化效果较好,对牛肉色泽均有显著影响;CaCl2溶液对pH值没有显著影响,但木瓜液和苹果梨汁对pH值均有一定影响。优化试验表明:牛肉嫩化效果的主次顺序为CaCl2溶液>木瓜液>苹果梨汁>腌渍时间,3种嫩化液组合注射,其CaCl2溶液、木瓜液、苹果梨汁浓度分别为0.03%、40%、20%,在4℃条件腌制时间为12 h,牛肉嫩化效果最佳。 相似文献
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超声波的空化和机械效应使得超声波具有优秀的嫩化作用。本研究使用单因素试验和响应面分析法,以不同的超声波嫩化时间、功率和频率对超声波嫩化小酥肉的工艺参数进行优化试验,并将得到的最佳工艺参数进行验证和对比试验。试验结果表明,超声波嫩化小酥肉的最佳工艺参数为:超声波嫩化时间99.9 min,功率147 W,频率35.3 kHz时小酥肉的剪切力为18.21-1.57 N,与回归模型的剪切力预测值17.3 N基本一致,证实了该模型的有效性。制作小酥肉的工艺环节中使用次工艺参数超声波进行嫩化,能够降低小酥肉的剪切力、硬度和咀嚼性,增加了小酥肉的嫩度,提高了小酥肉的使用品质。 相似文献
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超声波处理对猪肉腌制效果的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究超声波处理对猪肉腌制效果的影响.将猪背脊肉(每个样本50g)浸入浓度为10%食盐溶液中,采用功率为300W、频率为40kHz的超声波,分别处理0、20、40、60、80、100、120 min;再4℃静置腌制,共腌制12 h(从浸入食盐溶液开始计时).通过测定猪肉中氯化钠含量、蛋白质含量、猪肉嫩度及保水力,比较超声波处理组与对照组各性能的优劣.结果表明,在总腌制时间相同的情况下,随超声波处理时间延长,腌制速度、蛋白质的溶出、肉的嫩度都能得到提高,并在100 min~120 min阶段急剧变化;而保水性在处理60 min时最好.超声波处理技术能较好地改善猪肉的腌制效果. 相似文献
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为了降低小麦中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的含量,本文采用超声波处理促进其降解,考察了超声时间、超声振幅和脉冲占空比分别对DON纯品和赤霉病小麦籽粒中DON的降解效果。结果表明:延长超声时间、增大超声振幅、升高脉冲占空比都会在一定程度上促进纯品DON溶液和赤霉病小麦籽粒中DON的降解。综合考虑其经济效益,当超声时间为18 min、振幅为50%、脉冲占空比为100%(连续超声)时,纯品DON降解率最高(32.25%)。当超声时间为15 min、振幅为60%、连续超声时,赤霉病小麦籽粒中DON降解率高达37.59%,表明超声波处理对纯品DON和赤霉病小麦籽粒均有较好的降解效果。 相似文献
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An ultrasonic technique was used to study the changes of the rheological properties of dough during fermentation at 37C and compared with the extensional properties of fermented dough obtained from tensile tests carried out in a Universal Testing Maching. The velocity and attenuation of a longitudinal wave (P‐wave) propagated through the dough samples were measured and analyzed to obtain the viscoelastic moduli of the dough; the storage modulus M' and the loss modulus M''. These moduli include both the bulk and the shear moduli. A wavelet analysis also was used to determine the effect of frequency on the ultrasonic‐based viscoelastic moduli and the effect of the fermentation process on the ultrasonic velocity dispersion. A decrease in ultrasonic velocity was observed with increasing fermentation times. Ultrasonic waves were strongly attenuated in the dough subjected to long fermentation times and fermentation had a large influence on the viscoelastic moduli of the dough. The ultrasonic velocity increased with increasing frequency, clearly showing the viscoelastic nature of the fermented dough. The analysis also showed significant ultrasonic velocity dispersion upon fermentation. Ultrasonic measurements yielded results that agreed with those obtained from conventional rheology commonly used to characterize the extensional properties of dough. Both tests clearly showed the loss of elasticity by the dough samples upon fermentation. 相似文献
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JOSE BENEDITO JUAN A. CÁRCEL REMEDIOS GONZALEZ NIEVES SANJUÁN 《Journal of texture studies》2000,31(6):631-643
Ultrasonic velocity was related to sensory and instrumental texture measurements. A semi-logarithmic model (Weber-Fechner) was used to relate the sensory and instrumental texture measurements. The ultrasonic velocity ranged from 1650 to 1723 m/s for the softest and hardest cheese, respectively. As expected from theoretical equations, the ultrasonic velocity was related to the square root of the instrumental measurements. The deformability modulus (r2 =0.93) and the slope in puncture (r2 =0.85) were the most closely related parameters. A model developed from the relationship between sensory and instrumental texture and the relationship between ultrasonic velocity and instrumental texture, was used to relate velocity to sensory measurements. Elasticity (r2 = 0.84) and firmness (r2 = 0.81) were the sensory attributes which best correlated with ultrasonic velocity. From the obtained results, it was concluded that ultrasonic velocity measurements could be used to assess instrumental and sensory properties of Mahon cheese texture nondestructively, and therefore could be used for grading purposes. 相似文献
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When instant milk powder (IMP) is reconstituted with water, the product should resemble fresh milk. However, undissolved particles were found at the surface and in the bulk of the product. A visual reconstitution test (RT) is made on IMP to determine the reconstituted quality of the product. This test is directly linked to the presence of the undissolved particles. The particles found at the surface are formed by clustered liquid‐fat aggregates, which rise to the top of the milk and may give an impression of spoiled milk. The particles found in the bulk are small particles in the solution mostly composed of a protein gel. Because the repeatability and precision of the RT are very poor, a quantitative analytical technique is desirable. In this study we investigated five different quality milk powders by an ultrasound spectroscopy technique. The ultrasonic velocity and attenuation parameters were measured with a frequency scanning pulse echo reflectometer. We found that the ultrasonic velocity cannot be correlated to RT because the predominant phenomenon that affects the ultrasonic velocity is the physical state of the different components of the milk matrix (liquid fat, crystalline fat and lactose crystals), and this physical state is not a significant factor in powder quality. However, the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient is well correlated with RT. This is because, between two different quality powders, the most important factor that causes variation in the attenuation is scattering, correlated to particle size and to volume fraction rather than by the composition or physical state of the matrix and the same particle size factor, and volume fraction factor characterizes the powder reconstitution's quality. 相似文献