视频监控中的运动目标检测与跟踪技术研究

视频监控中运动目标的检测和跟踪是智能视频监控的关键技术,本文利用帧间差分法和背景差法对运动目标进行检测,对这二种检测方法进行了研究和比较;利用波门（跟踪窗口）选取视场中某部分图像为目标图像,然后用边缘或质心跟踪等跟踪算法确定目标位置以及目标位置与波门位置的偏差实现了对目标的跟踪。     

基于多目标视频图像边缘特征的核相关滤波跟踪算法

针对视频图像中多目标运动、边缘特征模糊、目标跟踪难度大的问题,提出了一种基于多目标视频图像边缘特征的核相关滤波跟踪算法.首先,将视频图像中目标运动轨迹的3帧图像时间作为线性段.然后,利用线性判断方法捕获目标,利用动态边缘演化技术准确提取捕获目标的边缘特征;并结合视频图像梯度角度直方图与颜色信息,获取梯度角度-色度饱和度...     

光电跟瞄平台的波门跟踪技术

波门跟踪是提高基于图像等信息实现跟踪的光电平台跟踪精度的有效方法.探讨了脱靶量预测、图像传感器滞后和伺服系统动态精度对波门跟踪的影响.针对一类匀速运动目标,建立了基于图像处理信息和伺服系统反馈信息的目标空间角运动模型,利用最小二乘法获得目标角运动参数的估计,同时推导了目标图像脱靶量的预测公式,结合目标运动预测,完成了自适应波门的设计.最后给出了常规波门和自适应波门的工程跟踪实验,结果表明,文中所提方法创新定性地定量分析了波门跟踪技术在工程实践中的问题,解决方案完整且在工程实验中得到了检验,提高了跟踪的稳定性和系统的实时性.     

基于双向稀疏光流融合的小目标检测方法

针对动态背景下的小目标检测问题,提出了基于双向稀疏光流融合的目标检测方法.首先采用FAST方法提取当前帧图像中的角点,然后在连续的三帧图像中进行前、后向稀疏光流跟踪,确定正确匹配的特征点对,利用匹配的特征点对计算用于背景补偿的帧间运动参数,最后在背景补偿的基础上进行三帧差分,以检测出图像中的运动小目标.实验结果显示,本算法能够很好地解决背景和目标同时快速运动的问题,为运动目标的跟踪奠定基础.     

运动目标激光图像获取及后向散射抑制算法研究

基于距离选通的激光主动成像在大气条件下对静止目标成像时具有分辨率高、作用远距离等优点,但是对运动目标成像时,为了跟踪运动中的目标,距离选通门宽相应增加,进而引起后向散射。文中分析了基于距离选通的激光主动成像系统,在此基础上引入距离信息实时跟踪运动目标,研究了不同选通门宽引起的后向散射对图像质量的影响,提出采用提升小波变换引入同态滤波,将后向散射引起的噪声作为低频成分,利用高通滤波对小波变换系数进行处理。结果表明,提出的算法取得了良好的后向散射抑制效果,基本消除了后向散射的影响,将后向散射噪声在整幅图像中的比例由66%降低到1%以下。     

基于OpenCV的红外弱小运动目标检测与跟踪

针对信噪比低、背景和噪声干扰严重的红外图像,根据图像序列中运动目标的帧间相关特性以及噪声的不相关理论,基于OpenCV（Open Soure Computer Vision Library）计算机视觉库,提出了一种弱小目标的检测算法,并对检测到的目标进行了跟踪。采用能量累积的方法得到背景,然后从原始图像中去除背景,提高信噪比;利用目标的帧间相关特性以及运动信息去除噪声;最后通过Kalman滤波算法来对检测到的目标进行跟踪。实验结果表明:该检测算法能有效地从序列图像中提取出弱小运动目标,跟踪算法也能实时地进行跟踪并在目标被遮挡时准确地预测出目标位置。     

基于五帧差分和模板匹配的运动目标检测识别

针对帧差法和背景差分法检测运动目标准确率低,自适应能力弱等缺陷,提出了一种改进五帧差分法与背景差分法和模板匹配相结合的运动目标检测和识别算法;通过改进的五帧差分和背景差分法融合的算法从视频图像序列中检测出运动目标;利用形态学方法去除噪声,改善运动目标提取效果;在Harris算法提取图像匹配特征值的基础上角点配准,提高图像识别的准确率,通过提取目标特征与自适应模板图像进行特征匹配的方法实现了目标检测识别和跟踪。仿真结果和实验表明该方法有噪声和部分遮挡的运动目标有良好的检测识别效果,识别率达到了95%。     

基于边缘统计的简单背景多目标识别跟踪

提出了一种新型图像多目标识别跟踪算法,其突出特点为速度快、目标探测准确性高,并且可以同时对多个目标进行识别跟踪.整个系统包括图像预处理即目标增强,边界的目标识别即纵向、横向统计叠加和目标检测.传统的图像跟踪方式如模板相关匹配方法、梯度形心方法以及极值区域跟踪方法不能同时区分多个目标,遇到多目标和干扰等均会失效.文中提出的方法能够有效地解决这一问题,通过区分可能目标区域,能够在一定程度上抑制干扰并对多个目标进行实时跟踪.     

动态背景下运动车辆的检测与跟踪研究

为实现对车载设备视频图像中车辆的识别和跟踪,针对图像中的运动目标和动态背景,提出了一种基于特征学习的目标检测和超像素跟踪算法.该算法首先对训练图像进行HOG特征提取,并利用AdaBoost算法得到强分类器.利用强分类器对采集的图像进行车辆检测,从而确定搜索区域.结合对搜索区域的超像素分割结果,采用均值漂移聚类算法实现车辆识别与跟踪.实验结果表明,该算法可以很好地实现视频序列中的车辆识别,提高了目标跟踪的实时性.     

基于改进高阶相关法的弱小目标检测

针对白天强光背景下强杂波图像序列,提出一种基于改进高阶相关法(modified high order correlation method,MHOCM)的杂波抑制和弱小目标检测方法.改进后的方法提出隔帧相关的组合方式,利用目标在连续多帧间具有持续强相关性的特点,通过迭代相关运算有效地抑制杂波,能在保持良好杂波剔除率的前提下将运算速度提高了两倍以上.在后续处理中,以形心代替原待识别目标进行识别,有效简化了识别过程并能快速剔除虚假目标.试验结果表明,改进高阶相关法能快速有效地抑制强杂波并检测出弱小目标.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first