东深供水工程凤岗隧洞施工期围岩稳定与支护措施研究

采用三维非线性有限元法,对东深供水改造工程凤岗隧洞施工期围岩的应力和变形进行了仿真分析,研究了围岩的应力变形的分布与变化规律和围岩的稳定性,探讨了支护措施的合理性,介绍了施工期围岩的收敛变形观测成果.综合对比分析观测与计算成果,证实了V类岩区和有断层破碎带的岩区采取钢管拱架与喷混凝土+锚杆联合强支护的经济合理性,为实际工程施工提供了重要参考.     

地下洞室围岩开挖稳定分析

地下洞室围岩二次应力分布是一个复杂而重要的问题,影响因素很多,本文着重论述了开挖方式、地应力特征及地质构造对二次应力的影响。     

地下厂房围岩稳定和支护试验分析

本文介绍水电站地下厂房洞室在开挖过程中进行喷锚支护后的围岩应力、变位和破坏形态的变化规律,同时对不同锚固方式的锚杆应力做了初步的探讨。     

拱坝下游地下洞室围岩稳定平面有限元分析

本文采用平面有限元方法,对位于拱坝下游的地下洞室围岩稳定与支护进行了研究,分别分析了洞室开挖,锚喷支护和在拱坝推力作用下洞室围岩的稳定状况,提供了研究方法和有实用价值的结论。     

大型地下洞室围岩稳定性数值模拟分析

结合泰安抽水蓄能电站的工程建设实际,在现场地质调查和场区地勘资料分析的基础上,深入分析了工程区的地质力学环境条件,建立了能够反映研究区地貌、岩体结构和地应力环境条件的力学模型.以地应力实测结果为参照依据,采用线性有限元法反演分析了初始地应力场,采用非线性有限元方法模拟了地下厂房等主要洞室开挖施工与支护过程中的围岩应力和稳定性状况,全面论证了大型地下洞室开挖方案的可行性,揭示了大型地下洞室不同开挖阶段应力的集中部位和围岩的潜在破坏部位.     

地下隧洞围岩抗震支护措施模拟及抗震支护效果分析

锚杆和衬砌是保证地震作用下隧洞围岩稳定的2种重要支护措施。将全长粘结式锚杆分段处理,建立复合加锚岩体单元模型,从物理参数加固和支护反力约束2个方面研究了锚杆对围岩的支护效应,据此提出了锚杆的抗震支护模拟方法。基于动接触力算法,通过模拟衬砌与围岩的动态接触过程,形成衬砌的抗震支护模拟方法。以某引水隧洞工程为例,研究了锚杆和衬砌2种支护措施支护参数的变化对围岩抗震效果的影响。结果表明：地震作用下锚杆和衬砌均具有良好的支护效果,但锚杆支护效果要优于衬砌,并且锚杆、衬砌均存在最优支护参数。计算成果可为地下隧洞的抗震支护优化设计提供科学依据。     

喷锚支护措施对地下厂房洞室群整体稳定性影响

喷锚支护措施由于其诸多的优点,在地下工程中得到了广泛的应用。以隐式杆单元模拟锚杆,以壳单元模拟混凝土喷层,采用3维非线性有限元技术,分析冗各水电站地下厂房工程中喷锚支护措施的作用。通过计算得到了喷锚支护措施对围岩应力变形及塑性区的影响;利用强度折减法对地下厂房洞室群的整体稳定性进行计算分析,得到无支护措施情况和喷锚支护时洞室整体稳定性,从而评价支护措施对洞室群整体稳定性的影响。通过3维弹塑性有限元计算分析得到:喷锚支护措施可以有效地限制围岩的变形和塑性区的发展,可以在一定程度上改善围岩应力状态,避免应力集中,使洞室群整体稳定安全系数由1.8提高为2.5,有效提高了地下洞室的整体稳定性。     

地下洞室围岩的卸荷研究

介绍了地下洞室围岩稳定性分析的传统理论及卸荷分析方法。由于不同于加载条件，岩体在卸荷条件下的应力路径不同，分析方法也应不同。在此基础上，论述了卸荷拱理论。     

不同断面形式深埋巷道围岩破坏数值模拟分析

以Ⅲ级围岩为例,利用有限差分软件FLAC对不同埋深情况下不同断面形式的巷道进行数值模拟,分析矩形、直墙拱形和圆形断面巷道围岩应力应变、围岩塑性区随埋深的变化规律及特点。结果表明：拱形断面巷道的围岩变形、围岩塑性区最小,尤其是顶板下沉量较矩形和圆形断面巷道的要小得多;圆形断面巷道围岩水平向位移最小;矩形断面巷道围岩应力及变形随埋深增加幅度都要大于拱形和圆形断面巷道。     

江垭地下厂房支护设计与观测变形分析

运用新奥法理论,对江垭地下水电站主厂房洞室在施工过程中的围岩稳定性进行了计算;并结合原始的变形观测值作了进一步分析验证．介绍了对不稳定块体的工程处理措施．指出在工程实践中严格遵守新奥法施工原则和加强变形观测对于维护高边墙围岩稳定的重要性．     

Analysis of stability of support and surrounding rock in mining top coal of inclined coal seam

The study analyzes the characteristics of roof movement in mining top coal of inclined coal seam, and establishes the mechanical model of support and surrounding-rock stability in inclined coal seam. Besides, this study carries out the numerical calculation and field observation of roof movement and support stability, and provides the critical control measures. The results show that the fracture firstly appears in middle-upper roof and extends upwards in top coal caving in inclined coal seam; regular and irregular caving zones appear in middle-upper stress concentration region, and the asymmetric caving arch is finally formed. Support load of middle-upper working face is larger than that of the middle-lower face; dynamic load coefficient of upper support is large, and the load on the front of support is larger than that on the rear of it, which leads to poor support stability. Stability of support and surrounding-rock system depends mainly on upper-support stability.     

小净距隧道围岩稳定性的影响因素

近年来市政隧道工程蓬勃发展,许多城市公路隧道受建筑、管线等因素的限制,并为节约用地、缩短工期等目的,大多被设计成小净距隧道.小净距隧道在施工过程中与分离式隧道最显著的区别是中隔岩柱受力状态复杂、稳定性难以控制.通过理论推导,对浅埋超小净距隧道土质中隔岩柱的失稳机理进行系统研究,基于小净距隧道中隔岩柱承载模型确定中隔岩柱...     

基于FLAC~(3D)的岩脉条件下地下洞室间距及围岩稳定分析

目前对于存在岩脉情况下的地下洞室间距和围岩稳定的研究较少,通过采用FLAC~(3D)有限差分的数值分析方法,对岩脉条件下的抽水蓄能电站地下洞室间距问题进行研究分析.以惠州抽水蓄能电站为例,对比分析了地下厂房围岩在不同设计方案下的应力、位移以及塑性区的分布特征,结果显示,在岩脉部位出现了应力集中、位移较大及塑性区增大的现象,根据结果确定了主厂房与主变洞的合理间距.并分析了该间距在锚杆支护条件下的围岩稳定性,总结得出了岩脉在地下洞室间距的确定过程中的影响特征及其对围岩稳定的影响,对与此相类似的工程起到一定的参考和指导作用.     

埋藏式钢岔管与围岩联合承载有限元分析

以某水电站工程为例,考虑钢衬与围岩间的缝隙值,按照钢衬与围岩联合承载,采用三维有限元方法对地下埋藏式钢岔管进行计算分析,讨论了围岩性能及初始缝隙值对围岩承载比的影响,并与明管计算结果相比较,指出在钢衬与围岩共同承受内水压力作用时,围岩发挥了重要作用.     

Influence of underground water seepage flow on surrounding rock deformation of multi-arch tunnel

Based on a typical multi-arch tunnel in a freeway, the fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in 3 dimensions（FLAC^3D） was used to calculate the surrounding rock deformation of the tunnel under which the effect of underground water seepage flow was taken into account or not. The distribution of displacement field around the multi-arch tunnel, which is influenced by the seepage field, was gained. The result indicates that the settlement values of the vault derived from coupling analysis are bigger when considering the seepage flow effect than that not considering. Through the contrast of arch subsidence quantities calculated by two kinds of computation situations, and the comparison between the calculated and measured value of tunnel vault settlement, it is found that the calculated value（5.7-6.0 mm） derived from considering the seepage effect is more close to the measured value（5.8-6.8 mm）. Therefore, it is quite necessary to consider the seepage flow effect of the underground water in aquiferous stratum for multi-arch tunnel design.     

Rheological properties of surrounding rock in deep hard rock tunnels and its reasonable support form

Second lining stability, which is the last protection in tunnel engineering, is critically important. The rheological properties of the surrounding rock heavily affect second lining stability. In this work, we used laboratory triaxial compressive rheological limestone tests to study nonlinear creep damage characteristics of surrounding rock mass in construction projects. We established a nonlinear creep damage constitutive model for the rock mass, as well as a constitutive model numerical implementation made by programming. Second, we introduced a new foam concrete with higher compression performance and good ductility and studied its mechanical properties through uniaxial and triaxial tests. This concrete was used as the filling material for the reserved deformation layer between the primary support and second lining. Finally, we proposed a high efficiency and accuracy staged optimization method. The minimum reserved deformation layer thickness was established as the optimization goal, and the presence of plastic strain in the second lining after 100 years of surrounding rock creep was used as an evaluation index. Reserved deformation layer thickness optimization analysis reveals no plastic strain in the second lining when the reserved deformation minimum thickness layer is 28.50 cm. The results show that the new foam concrete used as a reserved deformation layer filling material can absorb creep deformation of surrounding rock mass, reduce second lining deformation that leads to plastic strain, and ensure long-term second lining stability.