丙烯酸共聚物官能性设计的近似方程

在等活性假设下，通过数均推导，建立了用于丙烯酸共聚物官能性设计的近似方程，采用该近似方程进行官能性丙烯酸共聚物的分子设计时，其设计结果的准确性与已取得的相关科研成果基本吻合；此方程与FOX方程结合可实现共聚物化学官能性和物理力学性能的综合设计；此方程与Carothers方程结合可实现官能性共聚物化学反应体系凝胶点的控制设计。     

丙烯腈/丙烯酸甲酯/衣康酸三元共聚物序列结构的Monte Carlo模拟

以丙烯腈(AN)、丙烯酸甲酯(MA)、衣康酸(IA)为共聚单体,合成碳纤维用聚丙烯腈原丝的三元共聚物,利用Monte Carlo法模拟了AN／MA／IA三元共聚物的组成和序列结构,讨论了共聚单体对共聚物分子链序列结构的影响,探讨了增加序列结构均匀性的方案。结果表明:Monte Carlo法可以较为准确的模拟该共聚物的序列结构;AN／MA／IA以98／0.7／1.3的单体配比可以得到序列结构比较理想的共聚物;采取分批加入IA的方法,使共聚物的序列结构均匀性得到提高。     

含聚氧乙烯支链的两亲性(丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)接枝共聚物的性能

由聚氧乙烯(PEO)大单体与丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)合成含PEO支链的两亲性(BA-MMA)三元接枝共聚物,对该共聚物的乳化性、吸水性和物理机械性能进行了研究.结果表明,合成的共聚物具有良好的乳化性及吸水性,并在一定组成下呈现热塑性弹性体的性质.     

增稠性丙烯酸类多元共聚物的研究

本文研究了一种用作蓄电池玻纤隔板胶的新型具有增稠性丙烯酸多元共聚物.确定了最佳配方及合成工艺路线,并对该共聚物性能进行了考察.     

液晶双马来酰亚胺/环氧树脂共聚物的制备

本文采用含柔性链（C10）的液晶双马来酰亚胺和含联苯基的液晶环氧树脂合成共聚物，经FTIR、DSC、偏光显微镜、SEM表征了该共聚物的结构与液晶特征。结果表明该共聚物具有较好热致液晶性，其液晶织态呈向列型织构，亦能保留在交联网络结构中。     

含氟“三防”纺织助剂的合成方法及发展前景

目前所合成的含氟聚合物主要是含氟丙烯酸酯类共聚物,特别是含氟共聚物乳液,是将含氟单体与丙烯酸酯类单体或其它乙烯类单体通过乳液共聚而制得。该合成方法的条件简单、操作易控,可制得稳定的共聚物乳液,产物防水性、防油性、耐候性及耐腐蚀性都较好。     

聚碳硅烷—沥青共聚物的性能及应用

提要将聚二甲基硅炕与沥青共热解,合成了不同沥青含量的聚碳硅烷——沥青共聚物,并对其结构和性能进行了研究。这种共聚物经热处理可转变成碳——碳化硅陶瓷。本文用该共聚物为先躯体制得了耐热氧化性优越的碳——碳化硅复合纤维。     

压敏性粘接膜用苯乙烯系嵌段共聚物

美国休斯敦Kraton Polymers LLC公司开发出适用于两种压敏性粘接膜用苯乙烯系嵌段共聚物（SBS）KratonG—MD-6649／6666。该共聚物具有的可加工性，能作为粘接涂层，且粘接性能高。除生产成本较低外，该共聚物与聚烯烃的共混料配伍后在挤出作用下，能制备出满足不同工艺的压敏性粘接膜类产品。     

AA-MA-HEMA阻垢剂的阻垢性能研究

以水为溶液,用过硫酸铵为引发剂合成AA-MA-HEMA共聚物阻垢剂。经过实验共聚物对碳酸钙、硫酸钙、硫酸钡、硫酸锶垢的阻垢性能。该研究表明,共聚物较PASP及PAA,对碳酸钙、硫酸钙、硫酸钡、硫酸锶垢的阻垢性能较好,能够适应水质较复杂的水质环境中;通过氧化分散铁表明了共聚物具有较佳的氧化分散铁能力,能够用于铁质循环系统中;通过钙容忍度实验表明了共聚物具有较强的钙容忍度,钙离子浓度再较高的条件下,共聚物也能较好的发挥其阻垢性能;通过扫描电镜对共聚物对不同垢体的阻垢性能的变化进行了分析研究。同时对共聚物的生物降解性进行了研究,研究表明共聚物的生物降解性能较好,属于易降解的高分子共聚物。     

以含氟共聚物为助乳化剂的种子乳液聚合及其制备方法

正以含氟共聚物为助乳化剂的种子乳液聚合及其制备方法,属于化工高分子材料领域。利用含氟共聚物为助稳定剂的种子乳液聚合制备含氟丙烯酸乳液减少了含氟单体的消耗。先将含氟单体和乙烯基类单体或丙烯酸类单体通过自由基聚合合成共聚物;以含氟共聚物作为助稳定剂,采用种子乳液聚合法,合成出含氟丙烯酸乳液。该发明获得的含氟乳液不仅保留了聚丙烯酸乳液良好的成膜性、附着力、保光保     

Non-halogen-containing flame-retardant ethylene-propylene copolymer compositions for cable insulation with nitrogen- and sulfur-containing fire retardants

The effects of ammonium salts of sulfaminic acids, containing aliphatic and arylaliphatic hydrocarbon chains, respectively, in a combination with inorganic fire retardants and fillers, on the properties of ethylene-propylene copolymer compositions (EPCC) for cable insulation were studied. The additive action of the organic fire retardants and antimony oxide in a weight ratio of 3:1 was proved. EPCC indicated a limited oxygen index (LOI) of 37–39% and a diminished smoke release and belonged to UL class zero. The thermal destruction of the system consisting of a copolymer blend and fire retardant, as well as the individual organic and inorganic fire retardants, was studied using dynamic thermal analyses (DTA, TG, DTG). The combination of fire retardants caused a decrease of both the heat release and weight loss over the EPCC surface. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 63: 581–588, 1997     

氯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物/二氧化硅纳米复合材料的制备

将改性后的纳米二氧化硅加入乳化剂溶液.充分乳化后,加入氯乙烯和丙烯腈乳液进行共聚反应,制得氯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物/二氧化硅纳米复合材料,经过测试,加入纳米二氧化硅的氯乙烯一丙烯腈共聚物的热稳定性能和阻燃性能均有所提高.     

Toughening study of fire‐retardant high‐impact polystyrene

Fire‐retardant high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) was modified by melt blending with varying amounts of three types of tougheners. The effects of the tougheners on the properties of the fire‐retardant HIPS were studied by mechanical, combustion tests, and thermogravimetric analysis. The morphologies of fracture surfaces and char layers were characterized through scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the impact properties of styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS)‐containing composites were better than those of ethylene–propylene–diene monomer (EPDM)‐containing or ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)‐containing composites. The tensile strength and flexural modulus of the fire‐retardant HIPS decreased evidently with the addition of tougheners. It is found that the compatibility between SBS copolymer and HIPS matrix was best among the three types of tougheners. The addition of SBS had little influence on the thermal property, residue, flammability, and morphology of char layer of the fire‐retardant HIPS, but the addition of EPDM rubber or EVA brought adverse influence on the residue, flammability, and morphology of char layer of the fire‐retardant HIPS, especially for EPDM. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

用于阻燃PC/ABS的无卤芳香族磷酸酯的研究进展

综述了用于阻燃PC/ABS的无卤芳香族磷酸酯阻燃剂的研发状况.介绍了它们的性能、特点及在PC/ABS中的应用,对发展无卤阻燃PC/ABS具有重要意义.这类阻燃剂包括双酚A双磷酸酯、间苯二酚双磷酸酯、双酚S双磷酸酯、联苯双磷酸酯、季戊四醇螺环磷酸酯和环烷基双磷酸酯等.     

Flame retardant and mechanical properties of a copolymer PP/PE containing brominated compounds/antimony trioxide blends and magnesium hydroxide or talc

The incorporation of two brominated compounds/antimony trioxide blends into a PP–PE copolymer were studied. Both brominated trimethylphenyl indane (FR 1808) and poly(pentabromobenzyl acrylate) (FR 1025) confer good flame retardancy at 40% loading. A comparison was made with the incorporation of magnesium hydroxide at higher loadings (up to 64%) in the same copolymer. The mineral filler improves both fire resistance and stiffness of the copolymer, nevertheless the high loading causes a dramatic decrease in impact resistance. Moreover, the necessary surface treatment of the filler significantly lowers the maximal tensile strength. In order to maximize both fire resistance and mechanical properties, we combined each brominated flame-retardant system (20% in weight) with magnesium hydroxide or talc (20% in weight). Talc is used as reference. These composites show interesting fire-retardant properties in comparison with the copolymers containing only 40% of the brominated flame-retardant systems. In addition, the mechanical properties are on the whole improved. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Improvement of the fire behavior of poly(1,4‐butanediol succinate)/flax biocomposites by fiber surface modification with phosphorus compounds: molecular versus macromolecular strategy

The grafting of phosphorus compounds onto natural fibers has been investigated as a strategy for improving poly(1,4‐butanediol succinate)/flax biocomposite fire behavior. Three phosphorus compounds ? dihydrogen ammonium phosphate, poly(methacryloyloxy)methyl phosphonic acid homopolymer and poly(methacryloyloxy)methyl phosphonic acid methylmethacrylate copolymer ? were selected. The aim of this work was to compare the fire performance conferred by the grafted compounds depending on whether phosphorus is brought by a molecule or a macromolecule. TGA, pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry and cone calorimetry were used to characterize the thermal stability and fire behavior of the samples. The pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry results showed that in all cases the presence of phosphorus changes the degradation pathway and thus the flammability properties of flax. The ability of the grafted flame retardant to promote char formation and residue formation was found to be dependent on the nature and quantity of phosphorus covalently bonded to flax. Conversely, cone calorimeter tests revealed similar fire behavior whatever the grafting agent. A significant increase of the char amount and a global enhancement of fire parameters were observed with increasing grafting rate. Moreover, phosphonated polymers promoted a charred sheath around the fibers which acts in addition to their charring, conferring a fire performance close to that of dihydrogen ammonium phosphate for the biocomposite.     

Development of biodegradable cellulose‐g‐poly(butyl acrylate)/kaolin nanocomposite with improved fire retardancy and mechanical properties

The main aim of the work is to convert a low cost renewable biopolymer to a high performance fire‐retardant biomaterial by modification via grafting. Cellulose, a linear and most abundant biomacromolecule, has gained increasing attention for its interesting properties and potential applications in the synthesis of polymer nanocomposites. Cellulose has been grafted with butyl acrylate via emulsifier free emulsion polymerization using in situ developed transition metal complex initiating system: CuSO₄/glycine/ammonium persulfate with and without additive kaolin to prepare nanocomposites and copolymer, respectively. The morphology of so‐prepared grafted nanocomposites was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The enhancement in thermal behavior and mechanical properties of nanocomposites over copolymer were outstanding. The fire‐retardant properties were evaluated by limiting oxygen index and cone calorimetry test. The biodegradation and water absorbency of the fire‐retardant nanocomposites have been carried out for better commercialization and environmental concern. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 45968.     

聚丙烯酸酯／偏二氯乙烯共聚乳液的制备

采用种子乳液聚合法制备了聚丙烯酸酯／偏二氯乙烯共聚乳液,并进行了红外光谱表征。性能测试结果表明：共聚乳液理化性能符合乳液技术性能指标要求;共聚乳胶粒子呈分散状态,且粒子大小比较均匀;随着偏二氯乙烯含量的增加乳胶膜的抗拉强度和断裂伸长率逐渐增大。在热分解温度和最高分解温度时的分解速率逐渐降低,而热分解残余物明显增加,说明偏二氯乙烯有利于共聚物的成碳,能够起到隔热阻燃作用。     

Polymers of vinylphosphonic acid,acrylonitrile, and methyl acrylate and their nanofibers

In this study, a small amount of vinylphosphonic acid was used to produce fire-retardant copolymers and terpolymers from acrylonitrile and methyl acrylate. The structures of copolymer and terpolymers were elucidated by ¹H-NMR and phosphorous analysis. Thermal decomposition of vinylphosphonic acid-containing copolymers and terpolymers started at lower temperatures than of poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl acrylate). Methyl acrylate contributes to the thermal resistance of the terpolymers. Poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl acrylate-co-vinylphosphonic acid) with a phosphorous content about 0.25% burned at a slower rate and emitted less smoke compared to poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl acrylate). The burning tests showed that both copolymer and terpolymers containing vinylphosphonic acid behaved as a fire-retardant polymer. The phosphonate and phosphonic acid groups in the copolymer and terpolymers accelerate the cyclization of nitrile groups and inhibit the fire in the gas phase. Nanofibers were successfully produced by the electrospinning method from the copolymers and terpolymers containing vinylphosphonic acid moiety.     

Study of fire retardancy and thermal stability of vinyl acetate-2-ethylhexyl acrylate copolymer by blending with amino resin in aqueous medium

Trimethoxymethyl melamine (TMMM) and hexamethoxymethyl melamine (HMMM) were blended with the widely used acrylic medium, the copolymer of vinyl acetate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (VAc-EHA), for preparing water-based blends having improved fire retardancy. The weight fraction of the VAc-EHA copolymer was varied from 40 to 95%, at the pH value of 7 and a solid content of 50% was kept in all cases. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) and char yield of the blends were evaluated and the surface morphology of TMMM, HMMM, and the VAc-EHA copolymer at room temperature and at 110, 340, and 550°C was also studied to explain the improvement in the fire-retardancy behavior of the blends. The LOI and char yield of the VAc-EHA copolymer was found to improve substantially on incorporation of both TMMM and HMMM. But due to the limited stability of TMMM in aqueous medium, HMMM is more suitable for blending with VAc-EHA, to give a water-based coating having good fire-retardancy properties. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 63: 985–990, 1997