PTFE、炭黑和石墨填充聚苯醚的摩擦学性能研究

采用熔融共混-传递模压成型方法制备不同含量PTFE、石墨和炭黑填充聚苯醚(PPO)共混物,在立式万能磨损试验机上进行摩擦磨损试验,利用扫描电镜观察磨损表面以探讨材料的磨损机制.结果表明:经PTFE填充的PPO共混物摩擦因数和磨损量均有所降低,其最佳添加量为10%(质量分数);而炭黑和石墨的加入使得共混物的摩擦磨损性能降低;PPO共混物的磨损机制以黏着磨损为主.     

热塑性聚酰亚胺/聚醚醚酮机械共混物的研究

以机械共混的方式制备了热塑性聚酰亚胺／聚醚醚酮（TPI／PEEK）共混物；用熔体流动速率仪研究了共混物的流变性能，用差示扫描量热仪考察了共混物的相容性和热性能，用广角X射线衍射仪研究了共混物的形态和结晶性能。结果表明：共混物的熔体流动指数随PEEK含量的降低和熔体温度的升高而增加；共混物为不相容体系；随TPI含量的减少，共混体系中PEEK的结晶温度和熔点分别升高，而结晶度降低，X射线衍射的结晶峰越来越明显，峰面积也随之增大。     

废胶粉/塑料共混物的研究进展

介绍了废胶粉(WRP)与塑料共混制备热塑性弹性体/复合材料的研究进展;重点阐述了WRP的种类、粒径、含量以及界面增容方法对WRP/塑料共混物力学性能的影响规律,指出提高WRP与基体间的界面相容性是制备具有优异性能共混物的关键;最后,针对WRP在塑料共混应用中存在的问题提出了今后的研究方向。     

POM的增韧改性

研究了共聚尼龙(COPA),线形低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)共混改性聚甲醛(POM),达到增韧效果的目的。研究表明:POM韧性的提高与COPA和LLDPE的含量、加工温度、冷却时间等因素有关。在POM/COPA共混体系中,2%COPA改性的POM韧性最好,在POM/LLDPE共混体系中,5%的LLDPE改性的POM韧性最好。     

聚醚醚酮增强聚四氟乙烯力学性能模拟研究

为从微观视域下研究聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)与聚醚醚酮(PEEK)共混材料的力学性能,基于分子动力学(Molecular Dynamics, MD)模拟研究方法,借助Material Studio(MS)仿真平台,构建梯度配比下的PTFE/PEEK复合材料体系,对其力学性能进行分子动力学模拟。采用恒应变法测定PTFE/PEEK共混材料的弹性模量、体积模量和剪切模量等力学性能参数,对不同配比下的PTFE/PEEK复合材料的力学性能进行分析。MS模拟结果表明：随着PEEK含量增加,复合材料的力学性能先提高后显著下降,PTFE/PEEK共混材料配比为90/10时力学性能表现最优。模拟结果与现有试验研究结果表现出良好的一致性,验证了该模拟研究方法的正确性,为后续PTFE/PEEK共混材料的改性研究提供了理论参考。     

氧化锌晶须/聚醚砜复合材料的制备及摩擦学性能研究

采用机械共混-模压成型方法制备了ZnOw/PTFE/PES复合材料,通过摩擦磨损实验方法对材料的摩擦学性能进行了研究,并用SEM对磨损表面进行了观察和分析,探讨了复合材料的磨损机制。结果表明:用机械共混-模压法能制得摩擦学性能优良的ZnOw/PTFE/PES复合材料;随着ZnOw含量的增加,复合材料的磨损机制由黏着磨损及疲劳磨损、轻微的黏着磨损向磨粒磨损及疲劳磨损的转变。     

SEPS对R-PP/R-HIPS共混物的增容研究

本文研究了SEPS对R-PP/R-HIPS共混物相容性的影响,结果表明,当SEPS含量为10wt%时,共混物的缺口冲击强度提高了137%,达到了6.4k J/m2,拉伸强度也有所提高,微观形貌得到了改善,表明SEPS增强了两相的粘结,从而显著提高了共混物的相容性。     

金属铝粉/无机多孔粉末改性PP基复合材料的性能研究

本文以聚丙烯(PP)为基础材料,通过添加一定量的金属铝粉和多孔粉体对其进行共混改性,并研究了复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度、球压痕硬度和耐热性.结果表明:当金属铝粉含量为2wt％,多孔粉体含量为7wt％时,复合材料的耐热性最好;当金属铝粉含量为2wt％,多孔粉体含量为9wt％时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到21.14MPa,冲...     

钛酸钾晶须增强聚醚砜复合材料摩擦学性能的研究

采用机械共混-模压成型方法制备了PTW(K2Ti6O13)/PTFE/PES复合材料,通过摩擦磨损实验方法对材料的摩擦学性能进行了研究,并用SEM对磨损表面进行了观察和分析,在此基础上探讨了复合材料的磨损机制.结果表明:用机械共混-模压法能制得摩擦学性能优良的PTW/PTFE/PES复合材料;随着PTW含量的增加,复合材料的磨损机制发生了由微切削、粘着磨损向疲劳磨损的转变.     

环氧树脂-硅胶二元共混体系防冻粘涂料的制备及其性能研究

制备了一种环氧树脂-硅胶二元共混体系的防冻粘涂料,通过试验,确定了硅胶含量对涂层冻粘强度及接触角的影响。最后,通过对接触角、涂层与水之间的切向及法向冻粘强度进行对比研究,发现随着接触角的增大,冻粘强度逐渐降低,且硅胶含量的增加,对涂层的硬度影响不大。     

便携式交流阻抗测试仪在舰船涂层体系中的应用研究

研究舰船常用涂层/金属体系在典型环境中的腐蚀失效机理,开发出一种基于阻抗技术的可现场评估涂层性能的新技术,研制一套软硬件一体的便携式现场涂层测试仪,并利用此仪器对环氧/聚氨酯涂层体系性能进行快速测试、评价,可有效指导涂层的维护、保养和更新。     

Nonlinear Fuzzy Linguistics for the Determination of Nitrogen Monoxide,Nitrogen Dioxide,and Sulfur Dioxide by Molecular Absorption Spectroscopy

The nonlinearity and high dimensionality of spectra data affect the precision and the complexity of molecular absorption spectroscopy models. This article proposes a nonlinear fuzzy linguistic method for spectral quantitative analysis. A nonlinear fuzzy linguistic rule is presented. In the rule antecedent, a set operation was used to express the input variables by the fuzzy linguistic terms. A flexible polynomial equation of the input variables was the rule consequent. The fuzzy linguistic terms, the membership functions, and the nonlinear linguistic rules were initialized automatically by Gaussian kernel fuzzy clustering analysis, and the related parameters of nonlinear fuzzy linguistic rules were tuned by the iterative optimization for minimizing the root-mean square error. The principal components of the absorption measurements were extracted as input variables to reduce the complexity of the model. Experimental measurements employed a spectral dataset of flue gas for quantitative determination of the components that included sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide, and nitrogen dioxide. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the theoretical approach.     

真假醇酸树脂油漆的红外光谱鉴别方法

利用红外分光光度法与计算机联用来鉴别真假醇酸树脂油漆,通过获得的IR光谱,可清晰地观察到真假醇酸树脂油漆在结构上的差异,从而能够快速、准确地鉴别醇酸树脂油漆的真伪。     

Analysis of rapid method for the quality index of phenolic resins and benefit

The traditional analytical methods used to determine phenolic resin are slow and produce environmentally unfriendly waste. In this work, Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been applied for resin content of phenolic resins. The partial least square regression was used to develop the calibration model of the resin content. 8 samples were withdrawn at different time stages for analysis with the proposed quantitative models; the data thus obtained were compared with those provided by reference methods. The maximal predicted error and the standard deviation of the differences were 0.96 and 0.51% for resin content. The results of the paired t-test revealed that there was no significant difference between the NIR method and the reference method. NIR spectroscopy is an effective choice for the accurate, expeditious analyzing quality of phenolic resin.     

船舶动力装置技术状态综合评价方法研究

依据船舶动力装置的技术状态评价要求,构建全面反映技术状态要求的指标体系,分析各指标对技术状态的影响,建立综合评价模型。提出了一种定性与定量分析相结合的船舶动力装置技术状态综合评价方法,为船舶动力装置的科学管理提供依据。     

FTIR光谱法定量分析微痕量气体苯系物

苯系物是室内空气污染的重要组成部分。本文采用傅立叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱技术研究苯系物的红外吸收光谱特征,确定了光谱分析时各组分的特征红外波长,采用美国热电子OMNIC Quant Pad分析软件建立了低浓度(0～5×10-6)苯系物(包括甲苯、邻、间、对二甲苯,苯乙烯,硝基苯)的定量分析方法和校准曲线数据库。将FTIR光谱法用于样品气的检测,结果表明,该方法具有较高的准确度和较好的应用推广前景。     

Brittle tensosensitive coatings for determining the stress-strain state of parts and structures

Brittle new tensosensitive coatings of E-23 epoxy resin are investigated. The influence of the method of application and the layer thickness on the properties of such coatings is established. The accuracy with which the stress-strain state of samples may be determined by means of these coatings is estimated.     

C/C复合材料热防护涂层残余应力研究

对在C／C复合材料基体上制备的W-TiC梯度功能涂层过程中的残余热应力进行了计算机有限元模拟；并模拟了单-W和单-TiC涂层下的残余热应力分布情况，模拟结果表明，W-TiC的梯度功能涂层与单一涂层相比，具有更好的热应力缓和特性。在综合考虑热应力最小，应力强度比值最小以及纯TiC侧应力状态等因素的基础上，完成了功能梯度涂层体系的热应力缓和特性设计，得到组成分布指数P=1．5的最佳设计结果。     

The quantitative analysis of thin specimens: a review of progress from the Cliff-Lorimer to the new ζ-factor methods

A new quantitative thin‐film X‐ray analysis procedure termed the ζ‐factor method is proposed. This new ζ‐factor method overcomes the two major limitations of the conventional Cliff‐Lorimer method for quantification: (1) use of pure‐element rather than multielement, thin‐specimen standards and (2) built‐in X‐ray absorption correction with simultaneous thickness determination. Combined with a universal, standard, thin specimen, a series of ζ‐factors covering a significant fraction of the periodic table can be estimated. This ζ‐factor estimation can also provide information about both the detector efficiency and the microscope–detector interface system. Light‐element analysis can also be performed more easily because of the built‐in absorption correction. Additionally, the new ζ‐factor method has several advantages over the Cliff‐Lorimer ratio method because information on the specimen thickness at the individual analysis points is produced simultaneously with compositions, thus permitting concurrent determination of the spatial resolution and the analytical sensitivity. In this work, details of the ζ‐factor method and how it improves on the Cliff‐Lorimer approach are demonstrated, along with several applications.     

带粘弹性包覆层充液管道中的超声导波缺陷检测研究

理论分析得到了带粘弹性包覆层充液管道中纵向模态的频散曲线。为了验证理论分析结果,利用纵向模态对7.12 m长的带环氧树脂包覆层充水钢管中的人工周向缺陷进行了检测。结果表明,频散和衰减小的未受干扰的L(0,2)模态分支部分适合带粘弹性包覆层充液管道中的缺陷检测。但是,在频段0~0.5 MHz,随着频率的增加,这些分支部分衰减值逐渐增加,缺陷检测能力也逐渐下降。并且频散和衰减较大,能量主要在水和(或)粘弹性包覆层中传播,不属于未受干扰的L(0,2)模态分支部分的纵向模态不适合检测带粘弹性包覆层充液管道中的缺陷。因此,在对带粘弹性包覆层充液管道进行缺陷检测时,根据频散、衰减和波结构等传播特性选取合适的纵向模态十分重要。