难处理高砷金矿的细菌氧化-提金研究

采用经过驯化的HQ0211菌对高砷金矿进行氧化预处理-氰化提金实验研究.该矿石含金128.5 g/t,含砷16.84%(质量分数,余同),含硫21.72%,含铁26.62%,氰化浸出率只有29.35%,是典型的高砷难处理矿.经过细菌氧化预处理,金矿脱砷率达到96.2%,失重率达到43.9%.矿石的金氰化浸出率由原来的29.35%提高到92.57%,效果十分显著.     

高砷难处理金精矿细菌氧化-氰化提金

通过在高砷金精矿中配入不同比例的低砷碳酸盐型金精矿,使其所含硫、砷及铁等主要矿物成分含量发生变化,研究给矿中铁砷摩尔比对难处理高砷金精矿细菌氧化一氰化浸出效果的影响.结果表明:含砷金精矿中铁砷摩尔比直接影响细菌预氧化的效果,同时也影响细菌的活性和溶液中铁砷摩尔比的变化,给矿中铁砷摩尔比越高,溶液中的铁砷摩尔比也越高,且随着给矿中铁砷摩尔比的增加,溶液中铁砷摩尔比的变化幅度加大,给矿中铁砷摩尔比介于4.6~2之间,有利于细菌预氧化和氰化浸出,铁、砷氧化率分别由6.14%和7.38%提高到89.90%和93.60%,金、银浸出率分别由64.18%和35.93%提高到97.78%和88.83%,较好地改善细菌氧化效果,稳定和优化细菌预氧化过程.     

湖南某高砷难处理金精矿的细菌氧化-氰化提金实验研究

湖南某高砷金精矿属于难处理矿石,含砷11.28%,含金66.18g/t,金的直接浸出率仅为21.91%.通过该样品5%、10%、15%、20%矿浆浓度的细菌氧化试验,发现金精矿砷的氧化率达到93%以上.细菌氧化渣的金浸出率随着矿浆浓度的增大而降低,5%矿浆浓度下细菌氧化渣的金浸出率为93.15%;10%矿浆浓度下细菌氧化渣的金浸出率为92.46%;15%矿浆浓度下细菌氧化渣的金浸出率为90.50%;20%矿浆浓度下细菌氧化渣的金浸出率为87.58%,比未经处理时金的直接氰化浸出率21.91%有了很大的提高,预处理效果很好.     

难选氧化金矿氰化助浸试验研究

甘肃某金矿中金属矿物含量较少,以褐铁矿、黄铁矿为主,脉石矿物主要有石英、粘土矿物等.探索试验表明氰化浸出获得指标明显优于浮选、重选法.采用助浸剂可以提高金的氰化浸出率,其中混合助浸剂HZ可同时降低氰化钠用量,缩短浸出时间.采用优化工艺条件,在磨矿细度-74μm占90％,石灰用量3000 g/t,矿浆浓度40％,混合助浸...     

重金属强化含金矿石的氰化浸出

通过分析铊、铋、汞和铅等重金属强化金氰化溶解的电化学原理,对含金氧化物矿石和难浸硫化物金精矿进行了重金属强化浸金研究.结果表明:重金属对金氰化溶解的阳极过程有显著的强化作用,但在常规供氧条件下,金的溶解速率并未显著提高;只有同时采用阴极强化措施,才能使重金属起到显著提高金溶解速率的作用;对于含金氧化物矿石,单独采用重金属强化即可明显提高浸金速率,如果在过氧化氢助浸的基础上添加重金属,金的浸出速率会有更大幅度的提高;对硫化物金精矿而言,单独采用重金属无明显强化效果,只有在添加过氧化氢作为辅助氧化剂的基础上,重金属对金的浸出才能起到强化的作用,该体系中过氧化氢起到了强化阴极过程和氧化硫化物的双重作用.     

含砷难处理金矿的细菌氧化预处理研究现状

简要分析了细菌氧化预处理含砷金矿石的机理、影响细菌浸出的因素及工艺流程,详细综述了国内外含砷难处理金矿石细菌氧化预处理的研究现状。     

含铜金矿的压力氧化浸出及其机理

含铜金矿在氧气分压为o.45 MPa、温度约为110℃条件下于高压釜中氧化一定时间,浸出铜后,渣氰化浸金,获得的铜、金浸出率分别为90.3%和96.55%.通过分析X射线衍射谱及CuFeS2-H2SO4-NaCl-H2O体系在25℃下的ψ-pH图,确定了载金矿物的氧化机理,分析了浸出体系的酸度、温度及氯化钠浓度对含铜金矿预氧化及浸出过程的影响规律.结果表明:硫化矿的氧化溶解首先是磁黄铁矿,其次是铜的次生硫化矿,再次是黄铜矿,最后是黄铁矿;载金黄铜矿的氧化首先是铁从黄铜矿的晶格中氧化溶解出来,生成中间产物CuS2和CuS;较高的酸度和氯化钠浓度有利于单质硫的生成、三价铁的水解和铜的浸出,进而有利于金浸出率的提高.     

含砷难处理金矿的细菌预氧化－氰化法提金研究

研究了我国二种难处理会砷金矿（半壁山、包古图）的细菌（Ｔ．ｆｅｒｒｏｏｘｉｄａｎｓ）预氧化槽浸工艺及其基础理论，讨论了初始接种量、矿浆浓度、铁离子浓度及矿物工艺学参数等因素对细菌氧化毒砂的影响，初步探讨了细菌浸出机理及反应动力学，并讨论了砷硫化物氧化率、金解离率及金氰化浸出率的关系。     

细菌氧化预处理含砷难处理金矿的研究进展

含砷难处理硫化矿经过细菌预氧化,将包裹Au的硫化矿物毒砂、黄铁矿等溶解、破坏,将Au暴露出来,可大大提高后续氰化浸出中Au的回收率。细菌氧化技术具有投入低、工艺简单、污染轻或无污染等优点。作者在回顾细菌浸矿发展历史与现状的基础上,着重阐述了含砷难处理金矿细菌氧化预处理的机理、氧化菌种和工艺流程,并提出了该技术现存的一些亟待解决的问题。     

难冶金精矿烟尘中铁砷碳的脱除对氰化浸金的影响

以难冶金精矿烟尘为原料,研究了氢氧化钠浸出、硫酸浸出以及硫酸与氢氧化钠联合浸出对烟尘中砷、铁和碳脱除及氰化浸金的影响。结果表明:在氢氧化钠浓度为6mol/L时,砷、碳脱除率分别为99.66%和60.63%,金浸出率为58.90%,较直接氰化浸出仅提高4.60%,砷的有效去除不能有效提高金的浸出率。在硫酸质量分数为15%时,铁、砷和碳脱除率分别为33.65%、80.38%和12.59%,金的浸出率为80.40%,与氢氧化钠浸出相比,硫酸浸出解离铁能有效提高金的浸出率。烟尘分别经过质量分数为15%硫酸浸出后氰化浸金,两次2 mol/L氢氧化钠浸出和氰化浸金后,烟尘中铁、砷和碳的总脱除率分别为33.65%、95.63%和79.60%,渣率为80.33%。此时,金的总浸出率为91.90%,氰化渣中金的含量为3.31g/t。与烟尘直接氰化浸出相比金的浸出率提高37.60%。     

Co-intensification of gold leaching with heavy metals and hydrogen peroxide

Co-intensification was researched to accelerate gold leaching with regards to its electrochemical nature by using anodic intensifiers of heavy metal ions (Pb2+, Bi3+, Tl+, Hg2+ and Ag+) on the basis of hydrogen peroxide assistant leaching on three different types of materials which were classified as a refractory sulphide gold concentrate, an easily leachable sulphide gold concentrate, and a low grade oxide gold ore according to their leaching characteristics. The results showed that, favorable co-intensification effects on the three materials were obtained and leaching time of gold was effectively shortened to no longer than 12 h from 16 to 24 h for hydrogen peroxide assistant leaching. For the five tested heavy metal ions, Bi3+and Tl+ presented co-intensifying effect on all the three materials, and Hg2+ caused co-intensifying effect on both refractory and easily leachable sulphide gold concentrates, and Pb2+ and Ag+ only had co-intensifying effect on the easily leachable sulphide gold concentrate.     

碘化物对金精矿碘化浸出过程的影响

采用碘-碘化物浸出体系,从碘初始含量、碘与碘化物摩尔比和浸出液pH值3个影响因素入手,考察不同碘化物(碘化铵、碘化钾和碘化氢)对金精矿碘化浸出过程的影响。结果表明:在碘初始含量为1%,碘与碘化物摩尔比为1:8,浸出液pH值为7,液固比为4:1,搅拌速度为600 r/min,浸出时间为4 h,温度为25℃的条件下,用碘化铵或碘化钾作为碘化浸金的络合剂,金的浸出率均能达到90%左右,而用碘化氢(其水溶液为氢碘酸)作络合剂时,金的浸出率仅有75%。考虑到不同碘化物浸金效果差异及工业应用的可行性等因素,确定碘化钾为适宜的金精矿碘化浸出络合剂。     

难冶金精矿焙砂和烟尘氰化浸金的差异（英文）

采用对比方法研究难冶金精矿焙砂和烟尘氰化浸金的差异。结果表明,直接氰化时焙砂和烟尘中金的浸出率分别为85.31%和54.30%。砷、碳含量及其存在形式是导致两者金浸出率差异的主要原因。对于NaOH预处理后氰化浸金,焙砂和烟尘中金的最大浸出率分别为87.70%和58.60%。有害元素的脱除、碱浸预处理过程中金的损失及铁氧化物的阻碍共同决定碱浸预处理后焙砂和烟尘中金的浸出率。经H₂SO₄预处理后,焙砂和烟尘中金的最大浸出率分别达到94.96%和80.40%。碳质物的影响是焙砂和烟尘中金浸出率差异的主要原因。基于这些差异,提出两种适宜工艺,焙砂和烟尘中金的浸出率分别达到94.91%和91.90%。     

Intensified alkaline leaching pretreatment of refractory gold concentrates at common temperature and pressure

1　INTRODUCTIONWhenaproportionofgoldcontainedinasulfidicconcentrateisinsolidsolutionwithinarsenopyrite ,ultra finegrindingmaynotresultincomplete goldliberation ,andoxidativedestructionofthesulfidesmaybenecessary .Theoptionsareroasting ,pressureoxidationorbacterialoxidation[1] .Conventionalmethodsofalkalineleachingofgoldarsenosulfidecon centratesinanautoclaverequireexpensiveequipmentaswellashigh costenergyandreagents .Rossovsky[2 ] reportedanalkalineleachingmethodwhichcontainsfinegrinding(…     

采用中温菌和常温菌浸出含砷金精矿

考察了不同矿浆浓度和接种量对细菌浸出含砷金精矿的影响。结果表明：中度嗜热嗜酸铁氧化菌MLY和嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌（Acidthiobacillus ferrooxidans,At.f）的浸矿效果不同。MLY和At.f对含砷金精矿的浸出机理也不同;接种MLY的矿浆中,可能主要是溶液中的细菌将Fe^2＋氧化为Fe^3＋,再由Fe^3＋氧化溶解矿物,即以间接浸出作用为主;而接种At.f可能首先是At.f被吸附到矿物表面,通过细菌与矿物之间的某种界面作用引起矿物溶解,矿物溶解产生的Fe^2＋被游离菌氧化成为Fe^3＋,从而溶解矿物,即At.f浸出可能包括直接作用和间接作用的共同效应。     

Influence of mechanical activation on leaching kinetics of arsenopyrite

The influence of mechanical activation on the leaching kinetics of arsenopyrite was studied using a planetary centrifugal mill. It shows that mechanical activation can enhance the leaching process of arsenopyrite in a nitric-sulfate acidic solution. The leaching ratio within 20 min leaching time can increase from 2 % to 80 %～ 100 % ; 10 and 20 minties‘ activation can depress the apparent activation energy of leaching reaction from 54.5 kJ/mol to 39.0 kJ/mol and 34.0 kJ/mol, respectively. This means that the leaching reaction becomes little dependent on tempeerature, and arsenopyrite can change from refractory to flexible one; mechanical activation also increases the interplanar distance between crystal faces. The displacement of atoms from its equilibrium position indicates the increase in inner energy.     

Review of gold leaching in thiosulfate-based solutions

Numerous non-cyanide leaching lixiviants have been developed, among which thiosulfate is considered the most promising alternative to cyanide due to its non-toxicity, low price, high leaching rate and excellent characteristics in dealing with carbonaceous and copper-bearing gold ores. The traditional copper−ammonia−thiosulfate system has been studied extensively. However, with many years of process development, there are still some problems and challenges with this gold leaching system. A series of studies using nickel-, cobalt- and ferric-based catalyst to substitute copper have been conducted with the purpose of reducing the consumption of thiosulfate. A variety of non-ammonia thiosulfate leaching systems including oxygen−thiosulfate, copper−thiosulfate, copper−EDA−thiosulfate, ferric− EDTA−thiosulfate, and ferric−oxalate−thiosulfate leaching systems have been also developed to eliminate the potential side-effect of ammonia. In this review, the basic theory and process development of some main gold leaching systems based on thiosulfate solutions were systematically summarized to illustrate the research status on thiosulfate leaching process. The potential effects of various additives such as organic ligands containing amino, carboxyl or hydroxy functional groups on gold thiosulfate leaching were described in detail. The potential opportunity and challenge for promoting the industrial development of thiosulfate-based gold leaching systems were also discussed.     

加压氰化处理铂钯硫化浮选精矿全湿法新工艺

目前世界上所有知名的铂族金属生产厂均采用从硫化铜镍浮选精矿用火法熔炼高锍捕集铂族金属的工艺,整个流程十分繁冗,周期长,环境污染大.采用新研究成功的浮选精矿→加压氧化酸漫→加压氰化→置换富集贵金属的高效、低污染、短流程全湿法新工艺,对云南金宝山浮选精矿进行了批量为5 kg的扩大试验,并就S、Fe、SiO2、MgO及贵金属在全湿法工艺中的走向与传统火法工艺进行了比较讨论.