气相色谱/质谱法测定PVC在油性介质中增塑剂ATBC迁移的分析研究

建立了气相色谱/质谱法测定PVC瓶盖密封垫中ATBC增塑剂在油性模拟物中迁移量的检测方法。该方法以正己烷作为油性食品模拟物,采用超声提取法提取PVC瓶盖密封垫中的乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯(ATBC)增塑剂,利用气相色谱/质谱法对其进行定性、定量分析。该方法在1mg/L～200mg/L范围内有很好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9973;准确度和精密度试验中,平均回收率为95.8%～105.2%,相对标准偏差RSD%为1.03%～4.72%。该方法为研究就柠檬酸酯类增塑剂在油性食品中的迁移提供了一定的参考。     

食品包装材料中柠檬酸酯类增塑剂GC/MS/SIM分析

为研究食品包装材料中柠檬酸酯类增塑剂的含量,采用超声辅助二氯甲烷萃取,GC/MS/SIM的检测方式,建立食品包装材料中柠檬酸酯类增塑剂含量的检测方法。结果表明,柠檬酸酯类增塑剂含量在0.001~0.1 mg/mL范围内呈良好线性,线性相关系数R~20.99,检出限范围为0.061~0.066μg/g。2种柠檬酸酯类增塑剂的平均回收率为91.46%~107.73%,RSD为1.69%~4.73%(n=6)。运用该方法检测26种食品包装材料,仅有4种包装材料中存在柠檬酸三丁酯和乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯2种增塑剂。     

涂布纸中增塑剂的超声萃取-气相色谱/串联质谱法测定

以三氯甲烷为萃取溶剂,在常温下对涂布纸中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂进行超声萃取,萃取产物进行气相色谱/串联质谱测定,从而建立了一种气相色谱/串联质谱方法,对涂布纸中多种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂进行了同时测定。该方法定量下限低,在S/N=10的条件下,DMPP、DIDP和DINP的定量下限分别为0.1mg/kg、0.2mg/kg、0.2mg/kg,其余邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的定量下限均小于0.05mg/kg。该方法的平均加标回收率为82.3%～102.8%,精密度RSD均小于13%。该方法简便快速,灵敏度高,定性定量准确,适用于涂布纸中多种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的同时测定。对市售涂布纸的测定结果表明,部分涂布纸中含有多种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂。     

气相色谱/质谱法测定塑料食品包装中柠檬酸酯

建立食品用塑料包装材料中柠檬酸三丁酯和乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯检测的气相色谱/质谱方法.该方法在0.5～100 mg/L 范围内线性关系良好,线性相关系数均大于0.999; 检出限为0.5 mg/kg;回收率为109.5%～120%,RSD%为3.8%～6.6%.该方法操作简便,结果准确,灵敏度高,稳定性好,适合于食品用塑料包装材料中两种柠檬酸酯类增塑剂的同时测定.     

超声萃取-气相色谱/质谱-选择离子监测法同时测定涂布纸中21种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂

以三氯甲烷为萃取溶剂,超声萃取纸品中的邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂,提取产物进行气相色谱/质谱-选择离子监测法测定,从而建立了一种同时测定纸品中21种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的方法。该方法简便快捷、灵敏度高、定性定量准确。该方法的平均回收率为81.98%～106.82%,精密度试验相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.11%～9.75%。DIDP和DINP的检出限分别为2.0、1.0mg/kg,其余各组分的检出限均小于0.4mg/kg。采用该方法对市售涂布纸进行测定,结果在部分涂布纸中检出邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂。     

采用超声辅助-固相萃取气相色谱串联质谱法测定废棉中的增塑剂

为开发废棉中增塑剂的高效定量分析方法,建立了超声辅助-固相萃取气相色谱串联质谱的方法,用于对废棉中18种邻苯二甲酸酯和5种己二酸酯类增塑剂的定性及定量分析.以正己烷-二氯甲烷(体积比为4:1)作为提取剂,提取液经Alumina-N固相萃取柱纯化,采用选择离子扫描模式,用外标法进行定量.结果表明:20种增塑剂在1～20μ...     

UPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS同时测定塑料类食品接触材料及制品中增塑剂特定迁移量

该研究建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱（UPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS）同时检测塑料类食品接触材料及制品中12种有机磷酸酯类和5种己二酸酯类增塑剂的特定迁移量。食品模拟物经乙腈稀释过膜后,以ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱（2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8 μm）为分离柱,以甲醇-0.2%甲酸水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 mL/min,15 min内可完成17种增塑剂的检测分析。通过方法学验证,17种增塑剂在较宽的质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数（R2）均＞0.992 5,3个添加量水平的回收率为63.2%～117.1%,精密度实验结果相对标准偏差为0.3%～9.7%,方法检出限为0.4～8.6 μg/L,定量限为1.2～28.7 μg/L。该方法前处理简单、快速,方法准确度、精密度和重复性较好。     

QuEChERS气相色谱联用法检测马铃薯中4种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留及基质效应的影响

目的采用QuEChERS前处理结合气相色谱联用技术建立测定马铃薯中4种拟除虫菊酯类(pyrethroid)农药残留的快速高效检测方法。方法样品粉碎后采用1%乙酸乙腈提取,无水硫酸镁和氯化钠盐析,经十八烷基键合硅胶柱(C_(18))净化,气相色谱法对样品进行检测,外标法定量,提取后样品进行加标实验,对马铃薯中拟除虫菊酯类农药检测的基质效应评估。结果马铃薯基质对4种拟除虫菊酯类农药均存在基质增强效应,增强比为121.12%～143.43%,4种拟除虫菊酯在马铃薯基质加标水平(20、50、100μg/kg)的回收率为76.8%～82.5%;检出限(S/N=3)与定量限分别为2.8～3.7μg/kg和8.0～10.0μg/kg,相对标准偏差小于8.9%。结论该方法简单、灵敏度高、净化效果好,适用于果蔬中拟除虫菊酯的快速检测。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定涂布纸中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂

以丙酮为萃取溶剂,采用微波辅助萃取技术提取涂布纸中的邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂,提取产物进行气相色谱-串联质谱法（GC-MS）测定,从而建立了一种同时测定涂布纸中多种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的快速检测方法。该方法的精密度（RSD）均小于14%,加标平均回收率为83.6%～104.1%。在信噪比为10（S/N=10）的条件下,DINP、DIDP和DMPP的定量下限分别为0.2、0.2、0.1 mg/kg,其余各组分的定量下限均小于0.05 mg/kg。采用该方法对市售涂布纸进行测定,结果在部分涂布纸中检出多种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂。     

QuEChERS前处理结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定酵母产品中4种抗氧化剂和5种防腐剂

建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(high performance liquid chromato graphy-tanelem mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS/MS)法同时测定酵母产品中4种抗氧化剂和5种对羟基苯甲酸酯类防腐剂的定性定量分析方法。样品经溶解脱脂,用正己烷饱和的乙腈提取,浓缩至干流动相复溶,经C_(18)净化、过膜后供仪器测试。采用电喷雾离子源、多重反应监测模式检测,以保留时间和特征离子对比较定性定量。9种分析物在0. 1～10 mg/L相关系数(r~2)均大于0. 992,方法定量限为0. 10～0. 50 mg/kg,酵母产品中3水平6平行的加标回收实验,回收率在78. 9%～108. 6%,相对标准偏差为4. 2%～15. 8%。该方法快速简便、准确可靠,适用于酵母产品中4种抗氧化剂和5种对羟基苯甲酸酯类防腐剂的测定,为高通量检测此类物质提供了技术支持。     

三重四极杆气质联用法测定白酒中的16种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂

建立了一种可用于白酒中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂检测的三重四极杆气质联用（GC-MS/MS）分析方法。白酒除去乙醇后,采用正己烷提取,采用GC-MS/MS的多反应监测模式,以保留时间和离子对（母离子和子离子）信息来定性,以母离子和响应值高的子离子进行定量。结果表明,该方法的检测限为0.4ng/g,相对标准偏差为1.74%⁴.95%,目标化合物的回收率为84%¹18%;该方法快速准确可用于白酒中的增塑剂的定性确认和含量测定。      

几种增塑剂与乳化剂对魔芋葡甘聚糖/乙基纤维素共混膜机械性质的影响

本文研究不同增塑剂或乳化剂的添加对魔芋葡甘聚糖/乙基纤维素复合膜(KE)机械性质的影响及其作用机理。结果表明,随着不同种类的增塑剂(癸二酸二丁酯、环氧大豆油、柠檬酸三乙酯)添加量的增加(5%~35%,w/w),复合膜的拉伸强度表现为先升高后降低(p<0.05),而断裂伸长率呈现先降低后回升的趋势。乳化剂的添加(0.1%~0.9%,w/w)对于复合膜的拉伸强度不会产生显著影响,但其含量的增加会导致断裂伸长率先升高后降低(p<0.05)。癸二酸二丁酯添加量为20%时复合膜拉伸强度达到最大82.37 MPa。乳化剂司盘80添加量为0.7%时,断裂伸长率达到最大19.78%。基于以上结果,对增塑剂与乳化剂在KE膜上的作用机理进行了猜想并建立了假设模型。      

Material labeling of soft plastic toys and plasticizers in polyvinyl chloride products

We investigated the labeling and content of plasticizers of soft plastic toys. First, we investigated material labeling in 96 products purchased in fiscal years 2000 and 2001. Among these products, 43% of those purchased in fiscal 2000 and 68% of those purchased in fiscal 2001 were labeled. We then investigated the kinds and amounts of plasticizers in 73 soft polyvinyl chloride (PVC) toys. Three kinds of phthalates and six other kinds of plasticizers were detected in the soft PVC toys. Diisononyl phthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, diisononyl adipate, and O-acetyl tributyl citrate were detected at high frequency, and in large amounts. The average total content of all plasticizers was 280 mg/g for the products purchased in fiscal 2000 and 227 mg/g for those in fiscal 2001. In fiscal 2001, antioxidants, 4-nonylphenol, and bisphenol A were investigated in addition to plasticizers.     

Determination of epoxidized soybean oil and linseed oil in wrapping film and cap sealing

A determination method was developed for epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) and epoxidized linseed oil (ELO), which are used as plasticizers and/or stabilizers, in wrapping film and cap sealings. The ESBO method reported by Castle et al. was improved. Samples were extracted with acetone-hexane (3: 7), transmethylated under alkaline conditions, then derivatized to the 1,3-dioxolanes and analyzed by GC/MS. The recoveries of spiked ESBO and ELO were between 92.6% and 104.4%. The determination limits were 0.01 mg/g for ESBO and 0.02 mg/g for ELO in the wrapping film, and 0.04 mg/g and 0.08 mg/g in the cap sealing. ESBO and ELO were surveyed in 10 samples each of wrapping film and cap sealings currently available on the Japanese market. ESBO was found at 34.7-82.8 mg/g in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) wrapping films and at 5.47-399 mg/g in cap sealings. ELO was detected at 8.6-11.4 mg/g in polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) wrapping films, and at 46.4 mg/g in a PVC wrapping film.     

GC/MS Method for the Determination of Adipate Plasticizers in Ham Sausage and Its Application to Kinetic and Penetration Studies

ABSTRACT:  A GC/MS method was developed and successfully validated for the determination of adipate plasticizers in ham sausage migrated from polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) packaging film. The sample pretreatment includes liquid extraction, solvent evaporation, and reconstitution before and after solid phase extraction (SPE). For the 5 adipate plasticizers studied, the SPE process with Oasis MAX cartridge showed an extraction efficiency from 85.7% to 106%, and the calibration curves are all linear in the range of 5 to 1000 ng/g with correlation coefficients greater than 0.998. The method proved to be accurate and precise; the average intraday recovery ranges from 85.4% to 114.6% with a %CV value from 2.5 to 11.3, and the average interday recovery from 83.6% to 118.5% with a %CV value from 2.8 to 15.6, respectively, for the adipate plasticizers. The method is sensitive and was effectively applied in the kinetic and penetration studies of the adipate plasticizers migrating from food-grade PVDC packaging film into ham sausage. The experimental data showed that approximately 6.8% of dibutyl adipate (DBA) in the packaging film migrated into the ham sausage in 4 mo and the migration reached the innermost portion of the sausage in 6 mo.     

Migration of phthalates from PVC toys into saliva simulant by dynamic extraction.

Soft PVC children's products are usually plasticized with phthalates. As young children suck and chew on toys, they extract and ingest certain quantities of the plasticizers. Some phthalates are suspected to affect the kidneys and liver and cause testicular damage. Therefore, the EC has prohibited the sale of toys and childcare articles intended to be placed in the mouth by children <3 years of age made of soft PVC containing >0.1% by weight of six phthalates (1999/815/EC). The aim was to study the materials and plasticizers used in soft children's products. In February 2001, a market surveillance was performed in The Netherlands and 62 soft toys were sampled. Forty-seven of these toys contained plasticized PVC. Diisononylphthalate (DINP) and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) were the predominant plasticizers and were usually found in concentrations between 30 and 45% by weight. One teething ring was made of PVC plasticized with 45% by weight of DINP and was not in compliance with Decision 1999/815/EC. The DINP and DEHP migration was determined in saliva simulant using the 'Head over Heels' agitation method. All toys complied with the Scientific Committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity and the Environment (SCTEE) guidance release value of 6.7 microg min(-1) 10 cm(-2). The DEHP migration of six toys exceeded the SCTEE guidance release value of 1.7 microg min(-1) 10 cm(-2). Substitutes found for phthalates plasticizers are acetyltributylcitrate, tributylcitrate and diisononyladipate. In addition, other plasticizers and additives were found in minor amounts. The toxicity and the migration behaviour of these substances is less known and requires more attention. To ensure the safety of PVC toys, these substances should also be regulated.     

液相色谱-串联质谱高通量检测酸乳中多种塑料添加剂的迁移量

文章建立了一种液相色谱-串联质谱(Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)高通量检测酸乳中多种塑料添加剂迁移量的方法.以乙酸乙酯为提取溶剂,超声提取两次,每次10 min,离心分离取上清液,氮吹至近干后用甲醇复溶,过有机滤膜后进LC-MS/MS检测...     

液-液微萃取结合气质联用法测定白酒中15种塑化剂含量

为考察白酒中塑化剂含量,采用表面活性剂强化乳化液-液微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱联用法测定32份不同白酒中15种邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂的含量。结果表明,该方法在0.008～5.00 μg/mL范围内呈良好线性关系,15种塑化剂的最低检出限在1.44～1.50 μg/L范围内,加标回收率在89.71%～117.73%之间,回收率试验结果相对标准偏差（RSD）范围为1.71%～6.82%,精密度试验结果RSD均＜2.53%,重复性试验结果RSD均＜3.60%,精密度、重复性良好,准确度高。在32份不同香型白酒样品中,9种塑化剂的检出率均＞70%,其中邻苯二甲酸二乙酯的检出率100%,检出值范围为0.001～0.740 μg/mL。主成分分析（PCA）结果表明,塑化剂含量与白酒香型相关性不显著（P＞0.05）,相关性分析结果表明塑化剂含量之间存在极显著相关性（P＜0.01）。