6H-SiC体材料在SF_6/O_2混合气体中的ICP刻蚀

采用SF6/O2作为刻蚀气体,对单晶6H-SiC材料的感应耦合等离子体(ICP)刻蚀工艺进行了研究。分析了ICP功率、偏置电压、气体混合比等工艺参数对刻蚀速率和刻蚀质量的影响。结果表明,刻蚀速率随着ICP功率及偏置电压的增大而提高,刻蚀表面质量随偏置电压及O2的含量的增大而降低,而ICP功率的变化对刻蚀质量影响不大。混合气体中O2含量为20%时刻蚀速率达到最大值,同时加入氧气后形成易于充电的SiFxOy中间层,从而促进了微沟槽的形成。     

沟槽肖特基器件Si深槽刻蚀工艺

深硅刻蚀工艺是制造沟槽肖特基器件的关键技术.Si深槽的深度影响肖特基反向击穿电压,深槽的垂直度影响多晶Si回填效果,侧壁平滑度及深槽底部长草现象对器件的耐压性能影响显著.采用SF6/O2常温刻蚀工艺刻蚀Si深槽.研究了工艺压力、线圈功率、SF6/O2比例以及下电极功率等参数对沟槽深度均匀性和垂直度的影响.得到了使Si深槽形貌为槽口宽度略大于槽底,侧壁光滑,且沟槽深度均匀性为2.3％左右的工艺条件.利用该刻蚀工艺可实现沟槽多晶Si无缝回填.该工艺条件成功应用于沟槽肖特基器件制作中,反向击穿电压达到58 V,反向电压通48 V,漏电流为11.2 μA,良率达到97.55％.     

4H-SiC深槽刻蚀及其形貌的改善

采用磁中性环路放电（NLD）等离子体刻蚀装置对4H-SiC进行深槽刻蚀。研究了偏置电源功率和反应腔室压强对深槽中微沟槽效应和侧壁粗糙度的影响。实验发现：提高偏置电源功率和腔室压强可以消除深槽中的微沟槽效应,并且提高腔室压强还可以改善深槽侧壁的粗糙度。分析了其中的刻蚀机理,实验结果和分析对研究SiC深槽刻蚀具有一定的指导意义。     

Cl2/Ar感应耦合等离子体刻蚀Si工艺研究

采用Cl2/Ar感应耦合等离子体（ICP）对单晶硅进行了刻蚀,工艺中用光刻胶作掩膜。研究了气体组分、ICP功率和RF功率等工艺参数对硅刻蚀速率和硅与光刻胶刻蚀选择比的影响,同时还研究了不同工艺条件对侧壁形貌的影响。结果表明,由于物理刻蚀机制和化学刻蚀机制的相对强度受到混合气体中Cl2和Ar比例的影响,硅刻蚀速率随着Ar组分的增加而降低,同时选择比也随之降低。硅刻蚀速率随着ICP功率的增大先增大继而减小,选择比则成上升趋势。硅刻蚀速率和选择比均随RF功率的增大单调增大。在Cl2/Ar混合气体的刻蚀过程中,离子辅助溅射是决定硅刻蚀效果的重要因素。同时,文中还研究分析了刻蚀工艺对于微槽效应和刻蚀侧壁形貌的影响,结果表明,通过提高ICP功率可以有效减小微槽和平滑侧壁。进一步研究了SiO2掩膜下,压强改变对于硅刻蚀形貌的影响,发现通过降低压强,可以明显地抑制杂草的产生。     

SiC ICP背面通孔刻蚀研究

介绍了利用ICP设备,使用SF6基气体对4H-SiC衬底进行背面通孔刻蚀的技术。研究了金属刻蚀掩模、刻蚀气体中O2含量的变化、反应室压力、RF功率和ICP功率等各种条件对刻蚀结果产生的影响,重点对刻蚀气体中O2含量和反应室压力两个条件进行了优化。通过对刻蚀结果的分析,得出了适合当前实际工艺的优化条件,实现了厚度为100μm、直径为70μm的SiC衬底GaN HEMT和单片电路的背面通孔刻蚀,刻蚀速率达700nm/min,SiC和金属刻蚀选择比达到60∶1。通过对工艺条件的优化,刻蚀出倾角为75°～90°的通孔。     

基于金刚石钝化散热的栅区微纳尺度刻蚀研究

片内热积累效应严重制约GaN器件向高功率密度应用发展,金刚石钝化散热结构的GaN器件热管控技术已成为目前研究重点,而金刚石栅区高精度刻蚀和控制是实现该热管理技术应用的关键工艺难点。因此,本文采用电感耦合等离子体（ICP）刻蚀技术,以氮化硅作为刻蚀掩膜,对纳米金刚石薄膜进行栅区微纳尺度刻蚀工艺研究,系统分析了刻蚀气体、组分占比、射频功率等工艺参数对刻蚀速率的影响。结果表明,ICP源功率与氧气流量对刻蚀速率有增强作用,Ar与CF₄的加入对刻蚀过程具有调控作用。最终提出了基于等离子体刻蚀技术的高精度微纳尺度金刚石钝化薄膜刻蚀方法,对金刚石集成GaN器件热管理和金刚石高精度刻蚀技术具有重要的指导意义。     

双层侧壁保护的Si深槽刻蚀技术

提出了一种先进的ICP Si深槽刻蚀工艺。在"Bosch"工艺的基础上加以改进,以SF6/O2作为刻蚀气体,C4F8作为侧壁钝化气体,通过在刻蚀过程中引入少量的O2,使得在刻蚀Si深槽过程中侧壁形成由氧离子辐照产生的SiO2薄膜和CFx聚合物淀积产生的双层保护层,强烈保护Si槽侧壁不被刻蚀,保证了良好的各向异性刻蚀。同时,通过优化刻蚀和钝化的时间周期,进一步提高了刻蚀后Si槽的陡直度和平滑的侧壁效果。采用这种工艺技术可制作出满足台面晶体管、高性能梳状沟槽基区晶体管需要的无损伤、平滑陡直的Si槽侧壁形貌。     

ECCP干法刻蚀条件下的TFT基板绝缘层过孔腐蚀的改善

过孔搭接失效一直是TFT-LCD行业中重点改善的不良之一。为了解决该不良,本文分析了不同刻蚀模式(ICP和ECCP)对过孔形貌的影响,利用四因子法研究ECCP模式刻蚀参数(压力、偏置/源极射频功率及O_2/SF_6气体比例)对刻蚀速率和均一性的影响,并得出ECCP过孔改善的最佳刻蚀参数。结果表明:ECCP模式下,氮化硅刻蚀过程中物理轰击对GI截面的下沿与Cu接触区域形成损伤后产生的缺陷,是诱发过孔腐蚀的主要因素,ICP模式无腐蚀。反应腔压力增大刻蚀速率增大,均一性下降;偏置射频功率增大,速率增大,均一性提高;源极射频功率增大,速率变化小,均一性下降;O_2/SF_6气体比例对速率影响小,O_2含量越高,均一性越高。为达到PR胶保护GI下沿截面的目的,反应压力增大到1.7Pa,偏置射频功率减小到30kW,源极功率增加到30kW,O_2/SF_6气体保持比例1∶1后,增加了氮化硅的刻蚀量,减小PR胶的内缩量,避免物理溅射表面损伤;同时刻蚀速率达到750nm/s,均一性达到10%,腐蚀发生率为10%～0,使ECCP刻蚀模式对过孔的腐蚀影响得到有效解决。     

商品有机玻璃片微结构的深刻蚀研究

研究应用O2反应离子刻蚀(RIE)直接深刻蚀商用有机玻璃(PMMA)片，以实现微结构的三维微加工，工艺简单，加工成本较低，为微器件的高深宽比加工提出了新方法。试样采用Ni作掩膜，以普通的光刻胶曝光技术和湿法刻蚀法将Ni掩膜图形化。工作气压、刻蚀功率等工艺参数对刻蚀速率影响较大。在刻蚀过程中，掩膜上的金属粒子会被刻蚀气体离子轰击而溅射散落出来，形成微掩膜效应。利用这种RIE技术，在适当的溅射功率及气压下，刻蚀速率较快，且获得了较陡直的微结构图形，刻蚀深度达120μm。     

ICP技术在化合物半导体器件制备中的应用

介绍了ICP刻蚀工艺技术原理和在化合物半导体器件制备中的应用,包括ICP刻蚀技术中的低温等离子体的形成机理、等离子体与固体表面的相互作用等,并对影响ICP刻蚀结果的因素进行了分析.研究了不同的工艺气体配比、腔体工作压力、ICP源功率和射频源功率对刻蚀的影响,并初步得到了一种稳定、刻蚀表面清洁光滑、图形轮廓良好、均匀性较好和刻蚀速率较高的干法刻蚀工艺.     

Microtrenching effect of SiC ICP etching in SF6/O2 plasma

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching of single crystal 6H-silicon carbide (SIC) is investigated using oxygen (O2)-added sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) plasmas. The relations between the microtrenching effect and ICP coil power, the composition of the etch gases and different bias voltages are discussed. Experimental results show that the microtrench is caused by the formation of a SiFxOy layer, which has a greater tendency to charge than SiC, after the addition of O2. The microtrenching effect tends to increase as the ICP coil power and bias voltage increase. In addition, the angular distribution of the incident ions and radicals also affects the shape of the microtrench.     

Etching of silicon carbide for device fabrication and through via-hole formation

We have investigated the etching of SiC using inductively-coupled-plasma reactive ion etching with SF₆-based and Cl₂-based gas mixtures. Etch rates have been investigated as functions of bias voltage, ICP coil power, and chamber pressure. It will be shown, for the first time, that SiC surfaces etched in Cl₂-based plasmas yield better surface electrical characteristics than those etched in SF₆-based plasmas. We have also achieved SiC etch rates in excess of 1 μm/min which are suitable for micro-machining and via-hole applications. Through via-holes obtained in 140 μm thick SiC at an effective etch rate of 824 nm/min have been achieved. To the best of our knowledge, to date, this is the highest effective etch rate for a through via-hole etched with a masking process compatible with microelectronic fabrication.     

GaN电感耦合等离子体刻蚀的优化和损伤分析

通过分别改变电感耦合等离子体(ICP)刻蚀过程中的ICP功率和DC偏压,对ICP刻蚀GaN材料的工艺条件和损伤情况进行了系统的研究。刻蚀后表面的损伤和形貌通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、电子能谱(EDS)、荧光光谱(PL)等技术进行表征和分析。实验结果表明,刻蚀速率随ICP功率和DC偏压的增加而增加;刻蚀损伤与DC偏压成正比,而与ICP功率的关系较为复杂。实验中观测到刻蚀后GaN样品的荧光光谱带边发射峰和黄带发射峰的强度均有明显下降,这意味着刻蚀产生的缺陷中存在非辐射复合中心,并且该非辐射复合中心的密度与DC偏压成正比。为了兼顾高刻蚀速率和低刻蚀损伤,建议使用高ICP功率(450 W)和低DC偏压(300 V)进行ICP刻蚀。     

Cl_2/Ar/BCl_3ICP刻蚀AlGaN的研究

感应耦合等离子体(ICP)刻蚀在AlGaN基紫外探测器台面制作中起着重要作用。在对比了ICP与RIE,ECR等干法刻蚀技术优缺点的基础上,采用Ni作为掩膜,Cl2/Ar/BCl3作为刻蚀气体,对金属有机化学气相淀积生长的n-Al0.45Ga0.55N进行了ICP刻蚀研究。刻蚀速率随着ICP直流偏压的增加而增加,刻蚀速率随着ICP功率的增加先增加较快后增加缓慢。最后结合刻蚀表面的扫描电镜(SEM)分析和俄歇电子能谱(AES)深度分析对刻蚀结果进行了讨论。分析表明,在满足刻蚀表面形貌的同时,较低的直流偏压下刻蚀速率较慢,但损伤较小,这对于制备高性能的紫外探测器是有利的。     

SiC JBS二极管和SiC MOSFET的空间辐照效应及机理

基于第六代650 V碳化硅结型肖特基二极管(SiC JBS Diode)和第三代900 V碳化硅场效应晶体管(SiC MOSFET),开展SiC功率器件的单粒子效应、总剂量效应和位移损伤效应研究。20～80 MeV质子单粒子效应实验中,SiC功率器件发生单粒子烧毁(SEB)时伴随着波浪形脉冲电流的产生,辐照后SEB器件的击穿特性完全丧失。SiC功率器件发生SEB时的累积质子注量随偏置电压的增大而减小。利用计算机辅助设计工具(TCAD)开展SiC MOSFET的单粒子效应仿真,结果表明,重离子从源极入射器件时,具有更短的SEB发生时间和更低的SEB阈值电压。栅-源拐角和衬底-外延层交界处为SiC MOSFET的SEB敏感区域,强电场强度和高电流密度的同时存在导致敏感区域产生过高的晶格温度。SiC MOSFET在栅压偏置(U_GS=3 V,U_DS=0 V)下开展钴源总剂量效应实验,相比于漏压偏置(U_GS=0 V,U_DS=300 V)和零压偏置(U_GS=U_DS=0...     

Modeling of silicon oxynitride etch microtrenching using genetic algorithm and neural network

A prediction model of etch microtrenching was constructed by using a neural network. The etching of silicon oxynitride films was conducted in C₂F₆ inductively coupled plasma. The process parameters that were varied in a statistical experimental design include radio frequency source power, bias power, pressure, and C₂F₆ flow rate. The etch microtrenching was quantified from scanning electron microscope images. The prediction accuracy of optimized neural network model with genetic algorithm had a root mean-squared error of 0.03 nm/min. Compared to conventional model, this demonstrates an improvement of about 32%. The constructed model was used to infer etch mechanisms particularly as a function of pressure. Roles of profile sidewall variations were investigated by relating them to the microtrenchings. The pressure effect was conspicuous at lower source power, lower bias power, or higher C₂F₆ flow rate. Microtrenching variations could be reasonably explained by the expected ion reflection from the profile sidewall. The pressure effect seemed to be strongly affected by the relative dominance of fluorine-driven etching over polymer deposition initially maintained in the chamber.     

Etching of 4H-SiC using a NF<Subscript>3</Subscript> inductively coupled plasma

Etching of silicon carbide (SiC) was conducted in a NF₃/CH₄ inductively coupled plasma (ICP) at low pressure. The etch responses examined include the etch rate, surface roughness, and profile angle. For the variations in the source power, the direct-current (DC) bias strongly affected the etch rate. The profile angle varied inconsistently with the bias power. It was commonly observed without regard to the pressure level that, at lower gas ratios, the surface roughness was inversely related to the DC bias. At higher gas ratios, the surface roughness seemed to be dominated by surface reactions. In estimating etch mechanisms, the DC bias played an important role in qualitatively separating chemical and physical effects.     

Reactive ion etching of SiC using C2F6/O2 inductively coupled plasma

The inductively coupled plasma-reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) of SiC single crystals using the C₂F₆/O₂ gas mixture was investigated. It was observed that the etch rate increased as the ICP power and bias power increased. With increasing sample-coil distance, O₂ concentration, and chamber pressure, the etch rate initially increased, reached a maximum, and then decreased. Mesas with smooth surfaces (roughness ≤1 nm) and vertical sidewalls (∼85°) were obtained at low bias conditions with a reasonable etch rate of about 100 nm/min. A maximum etch rate of 300 nm/min could be obtained by etching at high bias conditions (≥300 V), in which case rough surfaces and the trenched sidewall base were observed. The trenching effect could be suppressed by etching the samples on anodized Al plates, although mesas with sloped (60–70°) sidewalls were obtained. Results of various surface characterization indicated little contamination and damage on the etched SiC surfaces.     

ICP刻蚀损伤对金属场板结构SiC肖特基二极管电学性能的影响

本文通过电感耦合等离子体（ICP）系统地研究了各种刻蚀参数对4H-SiC刻蚀的影响,并进一步研究了刻蚀损伤对金属场板结构4H-SiC肖特基二极管电学性能的影响。研究表明刻蚀速率和SiC表面形貌都会受到ICP功率、RF功率、压强和刻蚀气体流量的影响。在高的ICP偏压下,观察到了刻蚀损伤（刻蚀坑和刻蚀锥）的形成。更深入的研究表明,这些刻蚀损伤的形成和SiC自身的缺陷有关。这些刻蚀损伤的存在会导致SiC肖特基二极管正反向I-V性能发生恶化。在刻蚀损伤严重的情况下,对比正反向I-V测试结果发现,在0~50V的绝对电压范围内,正向电流甚至远小于反向电流。