略论虚拟现实技术

本文首先介绍虚拟现实的概念及其特点，然后介绍了它的关键技术，并对虚拟现实技术的应用和市场状况进行了概述。     

虚拟现实技术及其应用探讨

介绍了虚拟现实技术及其内涵,综述了虚拟现实技术及其国内外在一些特殊领域的研究状况,并提出了目前存在的主要问题;分别说明了虚拟现实技术在医疗、建筑等许多不同领域的综合应用以及发展趋势,指出了虚拟现实技术的发展,将带来巨大的效益。     

虚拟现实技术概述与发展趋势

虚拟现实技术是一门综合的技术,研究内容涉及多个领域,应用十分广泛,本文将从虚拟现实的概念出发．对虚拟现实系统的特征和应用进行了充分的阐述,并对虚拟现实的研究现状做出了详细的论述,预测了虚拟现实的发展趋势。     

虚拟现实技术及其应用研究

虚拟现实技术是二十世纪末才兴起的一门崭新的综合性信息技术，本文总结了虚拟现实技术的发展和应用．介绍了虚拟现实技术的分类，并结合具体工程实例重点介绍了桌面虚拟现实技术。     

基于虚拟现实的临场感遥控作业系统的研究动向

本文阐述了虚拟现实技术在临场感遥控作业系统中的研究和应用背景、状况和 内容．综述了临场感遥控作业虚拟现实系统的最近进展．重点介绍了它在监控和协作控制、 劣质视觉反馈的遥作及具有通信时延的遥作方面的研究动向．指出临场感遥控作业虚拟现实 系统是今后临场感技术研究和发展的主潮流,并对我国今后在这方面的研究应遵循的基本原 则提出了建议．     

虚拟现实技术一回顾与展望

虚拟现实技术是一种有效地模拟人在自然环境中视、听、动等行为的高级人机交互技术。它是人工智能、计算机图形学、人机接口技术、多媒体技术、网络技术、并行计算技术等多种技术的集成。目前已在科学可视化、行模拟、医学、遥感与遥控、CAD／CAM、教育、娱乐等领域获得广泛的应用。而且随着虚拟现实技术的不断发展,必将展示出更加广阔的应用前景。因而,介绍虚拟现实技术的研究与发展状况,让更多的人了解虚拟现实技术,对推动虚拟现实技术在我国的研究和应用具有极为重要的意义。     

虚拟现实技术在实验教学中的应用

虚拟现实技术是实验教学中最具有优势和发展潜力的一项技术,其深度应用将推动实验教学模式的改变。本文总结了虚拟现实技术的基本特征并根据高枝实验教学的现状,探讨了虚拟现实技术在工科和文科方面的应用,对如何利用虚拟现实技术加强、促进实验教学进行了分析和展望。     

虚拟现实技术及其在现代医学中的应用

虚拟现实是近年来发展起来的一项新的技术,它已经被广泛地应用于许多领域,特别是在医学领域．本文在简述虚拟现实技术的基础上,从虚拟人、辅助诊断和手术、虚拟手术模拟以及虚拟的远程医疗系统四个方面介绍了虚拟现实在医学上的应用．     

虚拟现实技术—回顾与展望

虚拟现实技术是一种有效地模拟人在自然环境中视、听、动等行为的高级人机交互技术。它是人工智能、计算机图形学、人机接口技术、多媒体技术、网络技术、并行计算技术等多种技术的集成。目前已在科学可视化、飞行模拟、医学、遥感与遥控、ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ、教育、娱乐等领域获得广泛的应用。而且随着虚拟现实技术的不断发展,必将展示出更加广阔的应用前景。因而,介绍虚拟现实技术的研究与发展状况,让更多的人了解虚拟现实技术,对推动虚拟现实技术在我国的研究和应用具有极为重要的意义。     

虚拟现实的技术基础

虚拟现实是一门基于许多其他技术之上的综合性技术,如计算机图形学、多媒体技术、仿真技术、传感器技术、计算机视觉和数据库技术等.这种综合的技术具有更强的能力,对解决一些特殊问题有很大帮助.该文介绍了虚拟现实技术和虚拟现实系统的基本概念及其特点.详细分析了计算机图形学、多媒体技术、仿真技术、传感器等技术的概念、研究内容以及对虚拟现实技术的贡献.介绍了目前虚拟现实的应用领域并给出了虚拟现实的若干应用实例.最后展望了虚拟现实技术的发展前景及目前面临的主要困难.该文通过对构成虚拟现实技术的几项基础技术的分析,以揭示虚拟现实技术的内涵及其能力.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.