纳米碳酸钙对硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料力学性能的影响

通过超声作用,用在位分散聚合方法制得了纳米碳酸钙增强硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料。结果表明,纳米碳酸钙可以均匀分散在PAPI中。纳米碳酸钙在较低添加量时对压缩强度和模量就有一定提高。但它会引起PAPI粘度的迅速增加,从而导致发泡反应困难,并使冲击强度在添加量为6％（质量,下同）时就出现从上升开始下降的趋势。     

硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料老化性能评价

叙述了试验样品的规格、制备及其数量和外观情况。亦说明了老化试验条件，试验过程及测试内容并根据试验结果讨论了数据变化规律性不够好的主要原因。     

水对硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料性能的影响研究

采用一步法合成了硬质聚氯酯泡沫塑料(PUF-R),考察了水的用量对PUF-R的表观芯密度、导热系数、拉伸强度、弯曲强度、压缩强度等性能影响,并利用扫描电子显微镜观察了泡孔形态.结果表明,随着水用量的增加,RPUF的密度、导热系数、拉伸强度、弯曲强度、压缩强度逐渐降低,储能模量随之下降,而泡孔直径则逐渐增大.     

聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料的生产工艺

<正> 聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料是一种密度低、表面积大、隔热性好(保温、保冷)绝热材料,被公认为节能佳品。现已广泛应用于建筑隔热、设备致冷、工业保温、包装、运输等方面,其消费量越来越大。近年来世界聚氨酯泡沫塑料的消费     

三乙醇胺对硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料性能的影响研究

制备了孔径约0.5 mm的全水发泡硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料。研究了三乙醇胺(TEA)用量对聚氨酯泡沫塑料发泡时间、表观密度、导热性能、力学性能等的影响规律。TEA是体系反应的催化剂,随着TEA含量增大后发泡时间变短。TEA含量少于7份时,发泡反应强于凝胶反应,制品泡孔直径随着其含量增加而变大,表观密度、热导率、压缩强度、拉伸强度和弯曲强度下降,断裂伸长率上升。TEA含量大于7份时,交联作用占主要地位,制品泡孔直径随着其含量增加而变小,表观密度、热导率、压缩强度、拉伸强度和弯曲强度上升。热失重分析也表明TEA含量大于7份后产生了交联作用。     

硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料模塑成型压力研究

采用正交实验，初步探索了模具温度、原料温度、催化剂用量、发泡剂用量、匀泡剂用量、异氰酸酯指数对硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料模塑成型时发泡压力的影响规律。在此基础上，进一步研究了当密度不同时，发泡剂对发泡压力的影响，并采用回归分析的方法获得了硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料模型成型发泡压力（y）、泡沫塑料模腔内发泡密度（x‘）和发泡剂的用量（x）三者之间的数学关系，结果为y=(1.2181x‘-0.0991)x 0.2975x‘-0.0966。     

硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料产品质量分析

本文介绍了生产硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料(以下简称硬泡)所需原料的基本性能,分析了硬泡加工过程中常见缺陷及补救措施并对它存放和使用过程中的稳定性作了定性分析.     

硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料吸水率检测方法的讨论

对聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料吸水率指标的检测方法进行了探讨，通过对大量不同发泡体系、工艺及用途泡沫的检测数据分析，找到了一种简单易行的检测方法，可用于科研生产的在线快速检测；与国标GB／T8810—88方法比较，证明其具有可行性。     

耐高温硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料保温管的研制

STUEYANDPREPARATIONOFHEAT-RESISTINGRIGIDPOLYURETHANEFOAMPLASTICINSULATINGPIPE1前言面对日益紧张的能源,人们一方面是开发新能源,另一方面则是节约能源。硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料保温管就是一种新型节能产品。其内层为钢管,外层为高压聚乙烯塑料套管,中间喷注硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料。而硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料是世界公认的最佳节能材料,其保温、保冷性能十分优异,其缺点是耐温性差,最高长期使用温度为100ap。泡沫混凝土、玻璃棉、岩棉等现有的热力网保温材料,吸水性强,容易变形,并腐蚀管道。耐高温硬质聚…     

纳米二氧化硅改性硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的研究

采用浇注成型法合成密度为250 mg/cm3的纳米SiO2改性硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料(PUR-R),研究了纳米SiO2含量及偶联剂处理对纳米SiO2改性PUR-R的各种力学性能的影响。结果表明:直接使用纳米SiO2,可使PUR-R的某些力学性能得到提高,而偶联剂处理可进一步改善纳米SiO2对PUR-R的增强作用,用偶联剂改性过的纳米SiO2增强PUR-R与纯PUR-R相比,除断裂伸长率降低外,其他力学性能如拉伸强度、压缩强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度及弯曲模量等均有所提高。     

Effect of the addition of wood flours on the properties of rigid polyurethane foam

The objective of this study is to investigate an appropriate process to fabricate the wood‐polyurethane hybrid composites [wood‐polyurethane foam (PUF)]. Rigid PUFs that contain up to 20% wood flours were successfully fabricated from polymeric 4,4‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polyols, silicone surfactant, dibutin dilaurate/dimethylethanolamine catalysts, and distilled water (chemical blowing agent). The effects of hydroxyl value of polyols, wood flour particle size, wood flour content, isocyanate index, and water amount on the compressive property of foam were investigated. The morphology of the cell was observed with a scanning electron microscope. Wood‐PUF with different densities were prepared at different water contents in the wood flours. The relationship between the compressive property and density was established following the Power law. The incorporation of wood flour improved the compressive property of PUF, whereas its tensile and flexural properties were reduced. The thermal stability of the PUF was improved with the addition of wood flour. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料研究进展

介绍了合成硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的主要原料,包括主体成分和发泡剂、泡沫稳定剂等;对硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的物理性能,如力学性能、阻燃性能、老化性能等及其在工程上的应用情况进行了综述。     

Effect of foam density on the properties of water blown rigid polyurethane foam

Density is an important parameter that influences the properties and performances of rigid polyurethane foam (PUF). Rigid PUF with different densities were prepared by varying the amount of distilled water as blowing agent. This investigation reports the mechanical, morphological, water absorption, thermal conductivity, and thermal behavior of rigid PUF varying with the density, which controls the foam architecture. The density of the PUF decreased from 116 to 42 kg/m³ with an increase in the amount of water from 0.1 to 3.0 parts per hundred polyol by weight (phr), respectively. It was found that the mechanical properties of the PUFs changed with the foam density. The results of water absorption of the PUFs showed that water absorption increased with decrease in density, due to increase in the cell size and decrease in the cell‐wall thickness. The thermal conductivity measurements showed that the thermal conductivity decreased with increase in density. It was due to the decrease in cell size. The thermal analysis of the PUFs shows that the glass transition temperature increases with the decrease in foam density, but the thermal stability decreases with the decrease in foam density. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

原材料对聚氨酯硬泡抗压性能的影响

以环氧丙烷聚醚多元醇、苯酐聚酯多元醇、多苯基甲烷多异氰酸酯PM-200、发泡剂一氟二氯乙烷(HCFC-141b)、泡沫稳定剂硅油AK-8801等为主要原料,采用一步法合成了聚氨酯硬泡,考察了不同种类多元醇及其配比、发泡剂、泡沫稳定剂种类及用量等对聚氨酯硬泡抗压性能的影响。结果表明:高羟值、高官能度的环氧丙烷聚醚多元醇可提高泡沫的压缩强度,且当环氧丙烷聚醚多元醇4110为100份,并加入20份左右苯酐聚酯多元醇580及10份左右聚醚403,泡沫稳定剂用量1～2份,发泡剂水用量0.5～1份,HCFC-141b用量30～35份,催化剂用量0.5～1.5份时,所得聚氨酯硬泡性能较好。     

无氟里昂聚氨酯硬质泡沫及应用

介绍了水发泡无氟里昂聚氨酯硬质泡沫的研制、工业应用以及水和ＨＣＦＣ－１４１ｂ复合发泡剂无氟里昂聚氨酯硬质泡沫在冰柜中的应用     

组合多元醇对硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料力学性能的影响

将中等羟值聚醚多元醇、低羟值聚醚多元醇、聚合物多元醇和苯酐聚酯多元醇分别与基础聚醚多元醇复配,制备了全水发泡硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料,研究了4种不同组合多元醇对制品力学性能的影响,发现低羟值多元醇的加入使泡孔直径明显减小;过低羟值的TMN3050的加入对力学性能的提高不利;TMN700使泡沫体的压缩强度略为增加,冲击强度大幅提高,弯曲强度略为下降;聚合物多元醇TPOP36/28在低添加量下,制得硬泡泡孔直径明显减小,压缩强度和冲击强度大幅增加,弯曲强度降低;苯酐聚酯多元醇PS400A,使泡孔直径减小,制得硬泡的密度和力学性能大幅降低。     

聚氨酯硬泡改性研究的新进展

综述了颗粒填充,纤维增强,多孔无机材料增强,原料替代等聚氨酯硬泡改性研究的最新进展,指出了聚氨酯硬泡改性的发展趋势,即大力发展易于降解和回收的聚氨酯硬泡,开发出性能好的新型纳米级增强材料,研究出综合性能优异的多元复合材料。     

Effects of ammonium polyphosphate microencapsulated on flame retardant and mechanical properties of the rigid polyurethane foam

In this article, a flame retardant microcapsule ammonium polyphosphate microencapsulated by polyurea (POAPP) was successfully synthesized by interfacial polymerization method using ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as core and polyurea as shell. The microencapsulation is observed by scanning electron microscopy and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and hydroscopicity test, which prove the success in synthesizing microencapsulation. When the POAPP is added into rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF), the flame retardant and mechanical properties are investigated using cone calorimeter, limited oxygen index test, and compressive strength test. The PHRR of RPUF-POAPP20 decreased from 336.52 kW/m² (Ref. RPUF) to 203.84 kW/m² and the THR of RPUF-POAPP20 was only 7.6 MJ/m², which is 33.9% lower than that of Ref. RPUF. Furthermore, the limiting oxygen index of RPUF-POAPP20 reaches 24.8%, which increased by 36.3% compared to Ref. RPUF. Whereas the maximum compressive strength of RPUF-POAPP5 was 7.46 MPa, which is higher than that of RPUF-APP5.     

Physical properties of water‐blown rigid polyurethane foams containing epoxidized soybean oil in different isocyanate indices

To explore the potential of isocyanate usage reduction, water‐blown rigid polyurethane foams were made by replacing 0, 20, and 50% of Voranoll® 490 in the B‐side of the foam formulation by epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) with an isocyanate index ranging from 50 to 110. The compressive strength, density, and thermal conductivity of foams were measured. The foam surface temperature was monitored before and throughout the foaming reaction as an indirect indication of the foaming temperature. Increasing ESBO replacement and/or decreasing isocyanate index decreased the foam's compressive strength. The density of the foam decreased while decreasing the isocyanate index to 60. Further decrease in isocyanate index resulted in foam shrinkage causing a sharp increase in the foam density. The thermal conductivity of foams increased while decreasing the isocyanate index and increasing the ESBO replacement. Mathematical models for predicting rigid polyurethane foam density, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity were established and validated. Similar to compressive strength, the foaming temperature decreased while decreasing the isocyanate index and increasing the ESBO replacement. Because of the lower reactivity of ESBO with isocyanate, the rate of foaming temperature decrease with decreasing isocyanate index was in the order of 0% > 20% > 50% ESBO replacement. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009