一种改进的星载AIS信号非相干解调算法

针对星载船舶自动识别系统(AIS)无法避免的信号混叠问题,研究了AIS系统中应用最广泛的1比特差分和2比特差分解调,提出了一种1、2、3比特联合差分反馈的AIS信号非相干解调算法。该算法基于贝叶斯线性模型建立了最大似然估计的1、2、3比特联合差分解调结构,验证了在加性高斯信道中该算法比传统非相干解调算法有更好的抗信号混叠能力。仿真实验表明:该算法的解调误码率与1、2比特联合差分及2、3比特联合差分相比,当误码率(BER)等于10-2时,在加性高斯信道(AWGN)下具有1.5 dB的性能优势,同道干扰信道(CCI)下具有1~2 dB的性能优势。     

抗频偏的突发GMSK混合信号单通道盲分离算法

针对突发GMSK混合信号的单通道盲分离问题,提出了一种基于逐幸存路径处理(PSP)的抗频偏盲分离算法。该算法通过在盲分离过程中对信道变化和频偏引起的相位变化分别进行跟踪,能大大提升算法对残余频偏的容忍能力。仿真表明,传统PSP算法能容忍的归一化频偏误差(相对符号速率)不大于2.0×10 4,而抗频偏算法在归一化频偏误差达1.5×10 2时仍然能收敛,且不需要对初始相位进行估计,同时分离性能相比理想条件下的PSP算法只下降了约1dB。     

应用判决反馈的混合信号单通道盲分离算法

该文提出了一种基于判决反馈思想的DF-PSP单通道盲分离算法。该算法结合判决反馈的思想,利用Viterbi序列检测器最可能的幸存序列得到的预判决来合成信道冲激响应尾部造成的符号串扰,来弥补现有PSP单通道盲分离算法对信道冲激响应进行截断处理而带来的性能损失。仿真结果表明,对于两路混合QPSK信号,该算法较截断PSP单通道盲分离算法在复杂度相当的条件下有更好的性能,在误码率为 时,信噪比改善可达到2dB左右,且在同等过采样条件下,该算法能获得更好的性能提升。      

一种同频重叠信号自适应盲分离算法

针对同频重叠信号的单通道盲分离问题,提出了一种自校正频偏和调整幸存路径数目的盲分离算法。针对两路QPSK信号同频重叠的且存在频率漂移等单通道信号盲分离,推导了基于过采样的信道参数估计模型,利用纠错编码的方法降低误码率,利用指数加权递归最小二乘法(RLS)估计信道参数,并利用估计出的信道参数校正频率漂移等带来的频率偏差,通过在逐幸存路径(PSP)算法调整幸存路径数目解决信道参数收敛和计算复杂度之间的矛盾,提高了频率漂移等变化信道下的参数估计性能,并降低了计算量。仿真结果表明,该算法能够较好地实现频偏自校正,弥补频率漂移带来的影响,同时可以大幅度降低计算量。     

利用纠错编码的同频调制混合信号单通道盲分离

该文建立了同频调制编码混合信号的基本模型,提出了基于M-PSP的利用编码信息的单通道盲分离算法,重点研究了状态格图的构建、分支度量的计算和信道响应的跟踪。仿真结果表明,利用编码的单通道盲分离算法可以获得比不利用编码更好的性能,对于1/2码率的卷积编码BPSK信号,在误码率为10-4时,信噪比改善可达到2dB左右。     

GMSK混合信号的PSP盲分离算法

针对GMSK混合信号的单通道盲分离问题进行了研究。由于不能直接采用逐幸存路径处理(PSP)算法对GMSK混合信号进行分离,考虑对GMSK信号作线性近似处理,使得GMSK混合信号适用于PSP算法。该算法通过在符号序列和信道参数组成的联合空间进行最大似然估计,保留最优路径,输出符号对,从而获得分离信号。仿真结果表明,使用PSP算法对GMSK混合信号进行分离的误码率性能略优于粒子滤波算法误码率性能,但复杂度远低于粒子滤波算法。     

降低单通道盲分离PSP算法复杂度的方法

随着电磁环境的日益恶化,越来越多的通信系统面临着多信号混合干扰的问题,这对解调信号造成了一定的困难。解决这个问题使用PSP算法对混合信号进行单通道盲分离是一种有效的手段。本文针对目前PSP算法在单通道盲分离中随着调制阶数上升所带来的算法复杂度提高的问题,利用PSP算法的复杂度随串扰长度L增加而上升的特点,提出了一种改进型的PSP盲分离算法。仿真结果表明,在对误码率影响不大的基础上此种改进型算法跟原算法相比,在BPSK解调中能够加速大约3倍,QPSK解调中能够加速大约18倍。若采取另一种不降低串扰长度L的改进方式,则BPSK解调与原算法相比最高能有2dB的增益,并且即使降低L仍有1.5dB的增益。QPSK解调与原算法相比最高能有1.5dB的增益,降低L仍有1dB的增益。      

多径衰落信道MPSK信号超指数迭代盲解调算法

为了提高多径衰落信道下的盲解调性能,提出了一种结构简单的MPSK信号盲解调算法。首先利用超指数迭代分数间隔盲均衡器实现联合定时同步与均衡,然后对均衡器输出信号进行非线性变换实现载波频偏的估计,最后利用二阶数字判决锁相环跟踪相位变化纠正剩余频偏和相偏。仿真结果表明,在多径衰落信道条件下,与现有算法相比,基于超指数迭代分数间隔盲均衡器的盲解调算法实现简单,误码率低,而且具有收敛速度快、性能稳定等优点。     

一种双环路高动态QPSK载波跟踪器设计

针对低轨卫星正交相移键控(QPSK)连续波通信,提出一种在高动态环境下载波频率的跟踪方法。采用双环路载波跟踪机制,其中外部环路用于频偏牵引,减少较大频偏引起的匹配滤波器频谱截断失真;内部环路用于精确解调数据,能稳定跟踪含有加速度≤30g的信号。采用加速度补偿方法,解决在百毫秒级中断间隔情况下,残余频偏造成匹配滤波器相位突变的问题。该方法能够快速准确地消除高动态载波频偏,在信噪比为10 dB时经上板测试误码率小于10-5量级。采用FPGA+DSP实现架构,开发敏捷,应用灵活,性能可靠。     

一种提高AIS信号检测性能的设计方法及其应用

提出了一种提高船舶自动识别系统(AIS)信号检测性能的设计方法,主要包括两部分算法:一部分是针对AIS系统的码间串扰,采用基于GMSK调制方式的Viterbi解调算法;另一部分是针对AIS报文长度的不固定,采用报文自动检测算法.在设计过程中,依据软件无线电设计思想,将基于GMSK调制方式的Viterbi解调算法和报文自动检测算法组合成的设计方法,应用在Spartan-6系列的FPGA和简单外围电路组成的双通道AIS中频数字化接收机中,从而提高了AIS信号检测性能,使得中频信号载噪比大于10 dB时,误码率小于10-4.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks